基于学科视角的专业市场集群形成机制研究述评

无论从理论上还是实践上,专业市场集群形成机制是一个值得深入研究的课题。依据不同的研究视角——新制度经济学、经济社会学和经济学集群论对专业市场集群的产生条件和形成机制相关研究进行回顾,以期对国内专业市场研究和理论的发展动态有一个全面的了解。在研究综述的基础上,针对现有研究的问题和不足,提出了未来研究建议。     

Do Immigrants Affect Firm‐Specific Wages?*

We propose and test a novel effect of immigration on wages. Existing studies have focused on the wage effects that result from changes in the aggregate labour supply in a competitive labour market. We argue that if labour markets are not fully competitive, immigrants might also affect wage formation at the most disaggregate level – the workplace. Using linked employer?employee data, we find that an increased use of low‐skilled immigrant workers has a significantly negative effect on the wages of native workers at the workplace – also when controlling for potential endogeneity of the immigrant share using both fixed effects and instrumental variables.     

我国银行业结构与经济增长的实证研究

自1994年以来,我国的经济金融体制不断深化改革,银行业整体规模迅速扩张,并逐渐形成多层次、多元化的银行业体系。为了考察我国银行业结构对我国经济增长的影响,本文根据我国的地理和经济特征,将我国划分为了六个区域,并运用六个区域在1995至2010年间的面板数据,以中小金融机构的市场份额(即除四大国有银行外的其他金融机构的贷款余额占各区域全部金融机构贷款余额的比例)为度量指标,采用固定效应模型和广义矩估计法(GMM),分析了不同规模银行在整个银行体系中的相对重要性。通过研究发现,我国中小银行的市场份额与经济增长之间具有显著的正向关系,在现阶段的中国,提高中小银行的市场份额能够有效促进实体经济的发展,并提出了相关的政策建议。     

Introducing Empirical Exercises into Principles of Economics

McGrath and Tiemann discuss the rationale for requiring students to become familiar with the empirical side of economics and describe seven exercises that can be used in the first course.     

外商投资与地区资本形成的东西部比较

本文的实证分析表明,外商在华投资的空间分布极不均衡,高度集中于东部地区,而这种不均衡直接导致对地 区资本形成的差异。缩小与东部发展的差距、促进西部地区资本形成的关键在于缩小东西部地区外资利用规模差异。     

Efficiency in coalition games with externalities

A natural extension of superadditivity is not sufficient to imply that the grand coalition is efficient when externalities are present. We provide a condition, analogous to convexity, that is sufficient for the grand coalition to be efficient and show that this also implies that the (appropriately defined) core is nonempty. Moreover, we propose a mechanism which implements the most efficient partition for all coalition formation games and characterizes the resulting payoff division.     

Agenda formation and accounting standards setting: lessons from the standards setters

There are many studies on lobbying of accounting standards, but the technical agenda of regulators is taken as ‘given’ and why a particular topic was admitted to the agenda is not investigated. Agenda formation is important as control of the agenda determines which topics get regulated and the form of the regulatory response. A few studies have explored agenda formation across regulatory institutions but are largely silent on the role of individual decision makers and technical staff. However, the standards setters have sought to explain their agenda processes. This paper reviews statements by the members of accounting standards setting agencies about their experiences of agenda formation. It identifies insights gained from standard setters and makes some suggestions for future research.     

Planning for housing in the post-Barker era: affordability, household formation, and tenure choice

The Barker Review of Housing Supply recommended the greateruse of market indicators as the basis for providing sufficientland for future housing requirements. Worsening affordabilitywould be a sign that more land is required. However, the traditionalapproach to land release used by planners is based on trendhousehold projections. The paper shows that this will typicallylead to worsening affordability over time. The paper, therefore,develops an alternative economic model more suitable to thepost-Barker era, covering both household formation and tenurechoice. The model is used to analyse a range of policy issues,including raising home-ownership rates and home-ownership sustainability.     

邓小平法治思想论析

邓小平法治思想构成了马克思主义思想史上的重要里程碑，对于认清社会主义建设和发展的规律，促进社会主义建设事业的健康发展有着极其重要的意义。邓小平的法治思想是在和平与发展成为时代主题的历史条件下。在中国改革开放和现代化建设的实践中，反思“文化大革命”的历史教训的基础上形成和确立起来的。他指出：“旧中国留给我们的，封建传统多、民主法制少。”这样特殊的国情，甚至影响到政治体制。权力过分集中、家长制、干部领导终身制和形形色色的特权弊端。这是一个沉痛的教训。     

辽宁省县域经济发展的地域差异及成因

运用主成分分析及聚类分析的数理统计方法,选择10项指标,对辽宁省44个县市经济发展水平的地域差异进行了综合评价和聚类划分。主成分分析结果表明:辽宁省44个县市经济发展水平存在明显的地域差异,其影响因素可概括为工业发展及综合经济实力因素、人均经济水平因素、社会稳定因素3个层面,累积贡献率达84.8%。聚类分析的结果表明:辽宁省44个县市可划分为发达地区、较发达地区、中等发达区、初等发达区和欠发达区5种地域类型;在此基础上,分析了44个县市经济发展的地域差异原因,同时提出了协调区域经济平衡发展的相应对策。