The Israeli kibbutz as a source of venture capital

This paper discusses the Israeli kibbutz movement as a source of venture capital. A centralized organization and internal financing help individual kibbutz units achieve industrialization. The paper discusses Israeli and kibbutz environments, demonstrates the screening process and describes the venture capital decision process and investment and post–investment activities. The paper concludes by comparing the kibbutz as a source of venture capital with other Israeli venture capital sources.     

加拿大高等教育的特色及其对我国的启示

文章对加拿大高等教育作了简略介绍,并就这一情况与我国进行了分析比较,最后就其对我国高等教育改革的启示进行了讨论。     

加拿大矿山安全健康管理及其标准体系

文章概述了加拿大矿山安全健康管理机构的设置情况，分析了加拿大矿山安全健康标准体系的构成及作用机制，揭示了加拿大矿山安全健康标准体系的特征。     

Organize around end-use markets

Companies can gain by changing their organization structure toward a market centered one clustered around market groups. An analysis is made of the gains and certain trade-offs that occur. The recommended new organization structure is illustrated. A number of questions and areas that deserve in-depth concern are pinpointed.     

Determinants of callable convertible bond prices

A new model is proposed in this paper that efficiently estimates the after-market prices of callable convertible bonds. The proposed model is shown to be fairly stable over time and across firm size. The paper also shows that, among other factors, call price and bankruptcy indicators are significant determinants of callable convertible bond prices, suggesting that a priori specification regarding the exercise of call option and the ignorance of firm's possible bankruptcy, as done in past studies, are inappropriate for convertible bond price estimation.     

Strategic Alternatives in Emerging Industries

Managers of firms in emerging industries face major challenges in coping with the day-to-day crises that arise from constantly changing operating conditions. But they also face more subtle strategic challenges that have to be addressed successfully if the firm is ultimately to survive. Rod Macdonald says there are three basic strategic options for these firms, and in this article he provides the analysis to help managers think their way through the difficult choices.     

A prototype model of the foreign exchange market of Canada: Forecasting capital flows and exchange rates

A balance-of-payments structural model of the foreign exchange market of Canada, endogenizing capital flows, the spot and forward exchange rates and the entities of the monetary sector, is developed using quarterly data for 1971–81. The capital flows have been disaggregated into ten categories and the exchange rates of the Canadian dollar have been analysed against five major currencies. While the model does not adhere strictly to purchasing power or interest rate parity, it does recognize them and it also incorporates other economic fundamentals, expectations and risk. Government interventions, although generated endogenously, are quantified implicitly and globally. The model tracks the post-Bretton Woods in-sample experience and generates ex post predictions reasonably well.     

Criteria for screening new industrial products

Screening new industrial product ideas—the initial GO/NO GO decision in the new product process—is a critical decision. This article reports the results of an extensive investigation into what criteria managers use in their screening decisions, and how these criteria are weighted and combined.     

Effect of time on a marketing strategy

A firm that had enjoyed considerable success in the marketplace during the early stages of the product life cycle found itself losing market share. The firm and its competitors had not changed their marketing strategies since the introduction of the product. This article describes the results of research examining possible causes for the market reversal. It Was discovered that the nature of the organizational buyer and his buyer behavior changed in a predictable manner since product introduction progressed. These changes made the competitors' marketing strategy more effective and probably caused the market reversal. The implications for this firm and for firms marketing innovative products in general are discussed.     

Panel Estimates of the Canadian Rural/Urban Women's Wage Gap

This article analyzes the female rural-urban wage gap in Canada using longitudinal data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics 1993–96. We estimate a two-step wage equation accounting for unobserved heterogeneity and sample selection. The results indicate that a statistically and economically significant rural-urban wage gap remains after controlling for observed and unobserved characteristics. Further, the results suggest this rural-urban wage difference is not simply induced by immobility between rural and urban markets. Rather, consistent with the effect of thinner rural labor markets, the evidence indicates that rural-urban differences in the impact of a number of explanatory variables are significant.