R&D国际项目管理框架初探

借鉴已有的研究成果,依据R&D国际项目的发展趋势和特点,给出了R&D国际项目的一个简单的管理框架,这一框架由项目需求分析、项目选择、项目评估和项目的日常管理四部分构成。     

发展品质旅游的新思考

本文提出了在旅游业中发展品质旅游的新思想。文中给品质旅游赋予的内涵是：品质旅游是能带给游客真正体验的旅游，品质旅游应该是高质量的旅游而不一定是高档次的旅游。作者做了下面的研究：首先，从旅游者的角度分析了寻求品质旅游的游客消费特征；然后，从旅游企业的角度探讨了品质旅游对旅游产品开发的要求；最后得出结论——发展品质旅游是旅游业发展的重要方向。     

Managerial perceptions of global pioneering advantage: Theoretical framework and empirical evidence in the U.S. and Korea

Managers form mental models of their business environment, and make strategic decisions based on these perceptions of reality. We study managerial perceptions of the competitive advantage gained by a pioneering firm. We expect that managers will make pioneering entry decisions based on their perceptions of pioneering advantages. Due to cross-national cultural and business environment differences, managers from different countries will employ different mental models and thus perceive the relative advantage of pioneering differently.Drawing from the literature on cultural influence on decision-making, we build a theoretical framework of perceived pioneering advantage in different cultural environments. From this framework, and from cultural differences that exist between the United States and South Korea, we derive hypotheses regarding expected cross-cultural perceptual differences. We test these hypotheses using samples of senior product managers from both countries. We find that some, but not all, of the principles of pioneering advantage empirically verified in North America are generalizable to the culturally-different South Korean business environment.     

论幸福悖论的成因与启示

从幸福与收入的关系来看,幸福悖论的成因是:达到临界收入后,收入的功能目的(必然性)向手段(可能性)的转换、收入边际效用递减与收入的负外部性凸显以致人们对收入的公平性和可持续性等需要递增、个人自我实现与带来收入的工作的偏离等导致幸福悖论。揭开幸福悖论的面纱,可以清楚地看到,我国现阶段只有大力发展经济,同时克服经济发展的负外部性,重建公共家园,即关注民生、创造社会财富,把社会进步与个人自我实现有机地结合起来,实现幸福的帕累托最优,才能真正踏上幸福经济之路。     

L'effet des récompenses sur l'état de santé psychologique des travailleurs: les mécanismes sous‐jacents

The effort‐reward imbalance (ERI) model in the workplace (Siegrist, 1996 ) suggests that inequity of rewards contributes to a degradation of mental health through a process of devaluation. The objective of our study is to test this hypothesis empirically. Data were collected from 659 agents in three call centres located in the province of Quebec. A bootstrap mediation test show that perceived inequity with respect to rewards (recognition, promotion, job security) affects the level of psychological distress through the perception of being valued by the organization. Perceived inequity affects mental health because it signals to workers the extent to which they are valued by their organization. Our correlational study provides evidence of the internal validity of the ERI model. Copyright © 2017 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The effect of alternative approaches to design instruction (structural or functional) on students’ mental models of technological design processes

The study aimed to examine the relationship between alternative approaches towards problem solving/design teaching (structural or functional), students’ mental modeling of the design process, and the quality of their solutions to design tasks. The structural approach emphasizes the need for an ordered and systematic learning of the design process stages, while the functional approach emphasizes the teaching and study of design functions (rather than stages). Participants were 80 seventh graders, divided into two groups, who were taught a unit on technological problem solving by either approach in the course of 14 classes (21 h) during a semester. Before, during and after the design process of a technological solution the students represented their perception of the design process. The results for both groups were analyzed in terms of: (a) types of models generated; (b) changes in type of models along the learning/design process; (c) defining characteristics of the design process models. Significant differences between the groups’ models were found for most variables examined. The functional approach was more effective than the traditional structural approach for supporting the construction of holistic, flexible, and effective mental models of the design process of technological solutions.     

新时期图书馆人事管理工作之我见

本文通过对吉林省图书馆近年来人事管理情况分析，有力地说明了以人事制度的大胆改革为突破口，充分调动人的积极性，对于推动全盘工作、加快图书馆现代化步伐具有重大意义。     

1999年中国旅游开发与管理态势研究

本文从大量第一手资料分析出发,对处于产业结构剧烈转型时期的中国旅游业的发展态势进行了较深入的阐述,这一观察主要从旅游区(点)和旅游资源的开发与管理这一特定角度切入,重点从三个峰值期形成的旅游需求压力及其对应措施、旅游目的地营销、区域旅游规划、旅游产品创新、旅游支持系统等几个方面加以讨论。     

五代创新模式及其认识论分析

从50年代到90年代,经济学提出了五代创新模式。技术推动模式符合人的因果思维习惯;需求拉动模式强调了创新的市场导向;相互作用模式把技术推动与市场拉动结合起来考察;整合模式代表着创新范式的转变;不变职能部门在创新活动中从各自的角度同时参与知识与信息的生产,系统整合与网络模式反映了创新实践在现代的迅速演化。