创新机制 转变方式 努力开创森林保护和经营新局面

湖南省紧紧围绕国家林业局采伐管理改革具体部署:推进采伐分类管理,使采伐管理范围更加明确;编制森林经营方案,使限额管理更加科学;创新分配机制,使采伐指标分配更加公平;简化审批程序,使采伐指标申请更加便捷;加强监督管理,使采伐秩序更加规范。     

从世界木材贸易看中国木材进口需求的森林生态足迹

从实证角度对世界森林资源状况和中国木材原料进口需求进行了分析研究,探索中、长期林产品市场变化及其政策选择。中国主要木材原料进口及木制品出口的两头在外格局仍在延续,中长期刚性需求依然存在,2007年原木进口高峰年为3709.08万m3。1995～2007年中国原木进口对出口国的森林生态影响较小,没有威胁到世界森林资源。     

深化我国财政体制改革的思考

对改革开放以来我国财政体制的演变历程进行了简要回顾，对分税制改革所取得的成效进行了简单小结。在此基础上，分析了目前分税制存在的问题，并提出了继续推进改革的方向。     

浅谈中日古典园林艺术

采用对比分析的方法,阐述中日古典园林形成差异的原因,对两国园林类型分类叙述,最后通过造园五大要素展开比较,进一步了解中日古典园林艺术的异同及各自的优秀品质。     

Transition to market economics: Employment and informal activity in rural areas

According to the neo-liberal model, the high levels of unemployment and collapsing real wages of transition will reallocate labor to new activities. But whether and how households actually reallocate labor is the subject of growing debate. We use survey data from Bulgaria to develop a typology of rural households based on their labor allocation characteristics. We find a diversity of outcomes. A significant share of households experience no change in labor allocation, some shift labor to own commercial enterprises, but a significant minority are displaced from the emerging market economy. Potential for informal activity among these households appears limited. Of great concern is the regional concentration of such households.     

Supporting ALARP decision making by cost benefit analysis and multiattribute utility theory

Current guidance in the UK and elsewhere indicate upper and target risk limits for the operation of nuclear plant in terms of individual risk per annum. ‘As low as reasonably practicable’ (ALARP) arguments are used to justify the acceptance or rejection of policies that lead to risk changes between these limits. The suitability of cost‐benefit analysis (CBA) and multiattribute utility theory (MAUT) are assessed for performing ALARP (‘as low as reasonably possible’) assessments, in particular within the nuclear industry. Four problems stand out in current CBA applications to ALARP, concerning the determination of prices of safety gains or detriments, the valuation of group and individual risk, calculations using ‘disproportionality’, and the use of discounting to trade‐off risks through time. This last point has received less attention in the past but is important because of the growing interest in risk‐informed regulation in which policies extend over several timeframes and distribute the risk unevenly over these, or in policies that lead to a nonuniform risk within a single timeframe (such as maintenance policies). The problems associated with giving quantitative support to such decisions are discussed. It is argued that multiattribute utility methods (MAUT) provide an alternative methodology to CBA which enable the four problems described above to be addressed in a more satisfactory way. Through sensitivity analysis MAUT can address the perceptions of all stakeholder groups, facilitating constructive discussion and elucidating the key points of disagreement. It is also argued that by being explicitly subjective it provides an open, auditable and clear analysis in contrast to the illusory objectivity of CBA. CBA seeks to justify a decision by using a common basis for weights (prices), while MAUT recognizes that different parties may want to give different valuations. It then allows the analyst to explore the ways in which different parties might (or might not) come to the same conclusion even when weighting items differently.     

《航材供应》网络课程建设与应用探析

军队院校网络教学应用系统是一个构建网络课程的平台。以《航材供应》网络课程为例介绍了网络课程的建设方法,对应用效果进行了分析。     

Negative affectivity and workplace deviance: the moderating role of ethical climate

This study investigates (1) the relationship between employees’ trait of negative affectivity (NA) and workplace deviance and (2) the moderating role of ethical climate in the above relationship. Data was collected from 310 employees in 40 Taiwanese companies, and hierarchical linear modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Results show that NA was positively related to workplace deviance. In addition, the rules climate weakened the relationship between NA and workplace deviance, and both the instrumental climate and the caring climate strengthened the relationship between NA and workplace deviance. Managerial implications and future research directions are also discussed.     

Town centre management in the UK: A review,synthesis and research agenda

Despite rapid growth in the number of town centre management schemes in the UK there have been few attempts to consider this topic from an academic perspective. This article develops a typology of town centre management schemes, based upon a comprehensive review of existing literature. The criteria of organizational structure and resource origin are identified as primary influences in the initiation and development of such schemes. The article concludes by outlining a research agenda which considers both local governance and spatial and temporal themes in the initiation and development of town centre management. The analysis of such factors is vital to a fuller understanding of this area.     

“低碳”条件下后发地区发展战略研究——以湖北省黄冈市为例

在“低碳”条件下，后发地区如何发展经济，造福一方百姓，是需要认真研究的现实问题。以湖北省黄冈市为例，提出四个转向：用“多元经济”取代单一工业发展模式；用“人口进城”取代单一GDP数字增长；用“项目招标”取代单一招商引资工作和用“就业创业”取代单一社会管理控制，用新的价值取向取代原有的社会运作模式。