传统儒商文化与现代商人理想人格的型塑

传统儒商文化与现代社会的重要结合点之一,即是从传统商业文化的现代转型出发,将儒商文化作为现代商人理想人格型塑的必要思想资源,从商人精神的觉醒与儒商身份意识的自觉,以地方商帮为依托进行商业文化生态的现代性重建。     

乡村旅游开发:我国城市反哺农村的理想途径

以城市和乡村这两种不同类型的人类集居地域对比为基础,从乡村旅游的本质和特性着手,探讨其在我国城市反哺农村中的产业优势与产业适宜性。认为乡村旅游通过吸引城市居民直接到农村地区异地消费而巧妙地实现城乡之间财富的隐形调拨,是平衡地区经济的天然杠杆;乡村旅游主要以乡村环境和物产以及遍在性的山水和风土民情为物质基础,从而使得绝大多数农村地区都具备发展条件,堪称为农村地区"量身订造"的新型产业;乡村旅游还因就地取材和游客主动上门而能获得既靠近原料地、又靠近消费市场的产业布局效应;乡村旅游业发展条件的门槛较低,是落后的农村地区可进入性较好的产业。     

农民对农地保障功能的主观认知差异及影响因素分析——基于浙、赣、桂三省506份农户调查

研究目的:实证分析农民对农地保障功能的主观认知及区域差异,应用排序选择模型研究农地保障功能主观认知差异的影响因素,并提出相关政策建议。研究方法:描述统计分析,排序选择模型。研究结果:浙、赣、桂三省506份农户问卷中,64.2%的农户认为承包地对他们生活的总体作用并不大,但94.7%的农户同时认为种田虽然不赚钱,但可以为基本生活提供最后保障;浙、赣、桂三省农民在"承包地对他们生活总体作用"这一问题的主观认知上存在显著区域差异;影响农民对农地保障功能主观认知的因素主要有人均耕地面积、农地收入占家庭总收入比重、村庄离县城(城市)的交通距离以及区域宏观区位特征等。研究结论:要大力提高农户农业收入,切实保障农民土地权益;要推进农地流转与使用制度改革,实现土地要素的有效流转和适度集中;应充分认识农地保障功能存在区域差异这一现实背景,考虑不同农户主体自身禀赋和区域资源、经济和社会发展条件的差异性,因地制宜进行农地产权制度创新。     

农村土地整治创新模式的思考——基于广西壮族自治区崇左市龙州县“小块并大块”的启示

研究目的:分析龙州县"小块并大块"成功的基本经验,为完善农村土地整治制度、建设高标准基本农田提供借鉴。研究方法:通过实地走访、座谈、归纳总结做法及经验,对比现行制度,提出改进完善农村土地整治的建议。研究结果:龙州县开展"结对并地"进而"小块并大块"后,有利于农业机械化作业、产业结构调整和规模经营,促进了农民增收、农业增效。建议进一步改革完善土地整治模式,建立适应农业现代化、经营规模化发展需求的多元化项目选择机制,完善与群众及基层组织主体地位相适应的的项目组织模式,建立面向广大农村农民的普惠制资金安排方式,完善与中国耕地利用基本国情相适应的多层次的工程标准。     

靖江市污染源普查现状分析及污染控制措施

江苏省靖江市作为长江三角洲经济区的组成部分,在综合实力快速攀升的同时,造成的环境污染也不可小觑。利用污染源普查数据和社会经济统计数据,对本区域内的污染物产生、排放特点及污染现状进行了分析,指出了在工业污染得到重视的同时,生活污染和农业污染也不可忽视。它们共同作用,造成环境质量水、气、土壤(底质)中多项指标超标。并针对工业污染、生活污染和农业污染的不同排放特征提出相应的治理措施。     

What drives firms’ intent to seek strategic assets by foreign direct investment? A study of emerging economy firms

What drives firms, particularly those from emerging economies, to engage in competitive catch-up with world leaders? We study the first step leading to catch-up, namely the managerial intent to acquire strategic assets that help closing the gap. Theoretically grounded in the awareness–motivation–capability (AMC) framework of competitive dynamics, we identify key factors contributing to firms’ strategic intent to catch-up by acquiring strategic assets abroad. Using a sample of 154 Chinese firms, we find that firms’ strategic assets seeking intent of foreign direct investment is influenced by their exposure to foreign competition, their governance structure, and relevant financial and managerial capabilities.     

企业金融化对工业企业风险承担水平的影响 ——基于中介效应和门限效应分析

本文以2007~2019年中国沪深A股上市工业企业的财务数据为样本,探究企业金融化对工业企业风险承担水平的影响。结果表明:(1)企业金融化的“投机-挤出”效应大于“储蓄-维稳”效应,总体上增加了工业企业风险承担水平,且非国有工业企业金融化对其风险承担水平影响更大;(2)作用机理分析发现企业金融化主要通过资产渠道和收益渠道作用于工业企业风险承担水平,即“工业企业金融化——主营业务投资减少/金融资产收益占比增加——企业风险承担水平上升”;(3)进一步分析后发现企业金融化对工业企业风险承担水平的影响存在基于企业风险承担能力和财务杠杆率的门限效应,企业风险承担能力的门限效应使得工业企业金融化的边际影响依门槛值减弱,且国有工业企业的门槛值要低于非国有工业企业;而财务杠杆率的门限效应使得工业企业金融化的边际影响依门槛值增强。     

析英国、美国和澳大利亚政府绩效审计的内容和评价标准

本文引用大量国外最新绩效审计案例，在此基础上归纳、分析英、美、澳三国政府绩效审计的内容和评价标准，以期对我国深入开展绩效审计和探索建立有中国特色的审计评价标准体系有一定的借鉴意义。     

Learning from R&D outsourcing vs. learning by R&D outsourcing

We analyze how research and development (R&D) outsourcing influences product innovation. We propose a separation between learning from R&D outsourcing, whereby the firm improves its ability to innovate by using outsourced R&D directly in new products, from learning by R&D outsourcing, whereby the firm indirectly uses outsourced R&D by integrating it with internal R&D to create new products. Building on the knowledge-based view, we argue that learning from R&D outsourcing is likely to have an inverse U-shaped relationship with product innovation, because the initial benefits of using outsourced component R&D knowledge to innovate products is eventually outweighed by the hollowing out of the firm's ability to innovate. In contrast, we propose that learning by R&D outsourcing is likely to have a U-shaped relationship with product innovation, because the initial challenges of integrating internal and external R&D are eventually overcome, resulting in more innovations. Finally, we distinguish between domestic and foreign R&D outsourcing and propose a liability of foreignness in R&D outsourcing as it has a lower impact on new products than domestic R&D outsourcing. The empirical analysis shows that outsourced R&D has an inverted U-shaped relationship with the number of new products, while the interaction between outsourced R&D and internal R&D has a U-shaped relationship with the number of new products. It also shows that domestic outsourced R&D has a higher positive impact on the number of new products than foreign outsourced R&D.     

Failure to learn from failure: The 2008 mortgage crisis as a déjà vu of the mortgage meltdown of 1994

This article traces the developments in the market for residential mortgage-backed securities (MBS) during the period 1970–2008. Drawing on an analysis of trade publications, business press, and interviews with practitioners, it shows that an MBS market meltdown in 1994 provided clear signals of problems with MBS. The market participants did not re-evaluate their use of risk management tools or adjust security design in response to the 1994 crisis, suggesting a lack of understanding of the implications of the crisis. The 1994 meltdown showed that MBS were vulnerable to systematic risks and that these risks could precipitate an MBS market crash. Furthermore, the 1994 meltdown demonstrated that large-scale investment in MBS could affect the primary mortgage market, thereby rendering the MBS risks unpredictable. After 1994, MBS investment shifted to MBS backed by mortgages with default risk – a development that led to the crash of 2008. By drawing parallels between the 1994 and 2008 crises, this article shows how the MBS market failed to self-correct. The results suggest that financial market participants do not always incorporate relevant information in their decision-making and that market participants have difficulties in both foreseeing the effect of financial innovations on markets and interpreting these effects.