偏向性技术进步与海洋经济绿色全要素生产率研究

本文利用方向性距离函数与 Malmquist-Luenberger （ML）指数,构建了海洋经济绿色全要素生产率测度及技术进步要素偏向判别模型。以 2006-2016年海洋经济投入产出相关数据为基础,系统地分析了不同时期我国海洋经济绿色增长的差异。研究显示：第一,从全国来看,我国海洋经济绿色全要素生产率呈现上升趋势。然而在资源环境约束下,海洋经济绿色全要素生产率的增长率呈现出先降后升的趋势。第二, 从地区视角分析,技术进步是11个沿海地区海洋经济绿色生产率增长的主要驱动因素,且技术规模的变化影响最为显著。第三,就技术进步的偏向性角度而言,海洋经济整体上呈现出海洋劳动与资源的依赖性特征,但是大部分沿海地区的海洋经济呈现出节约资本,使用劳动和资源的特征,证明我国节能环保政策初显成效。     

四川居民消费水平的影响因素与改善策略

国内消费是扩大内需，拉动经济增长的重要手段，分析经济发展水平和人口对居民消费水平的影响，并提出改进之策，是在目前既定的生产力水平和人口规模下，提高居民消费水平的重要途径和方法。     

Risk aversion and the dynamics of optimal liquidation strategies in illiquid markets

We consider the infinite-horizon optimal portfolio liquidation problem for a von Neumann–Morgenstern investor in the liquidity model of Almgren (Appl. Math. Finance 10:1–18, 2003). Using a stochastic control approach, we characterize the value function and the optimal strategy as classical solutions of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations. We furthermore analyze the sensitivities of the value function and the optimal strategy with respect to the various model parameters. In particular, we find that the optimal strategy is aggressive or passive in-the-money, respectively, if and only if the utility function displays increasing or decreasing risk aversion. Surprisingly, only few further monotonicity relations exist with respect to the other parameters. We point out in particular that the speed by which the remaining asset position is sold can be decreasing in the size of the position but increasing in the liquidity price impact.      

在沪中外资银行竞争力比较研究

基于企业能力理论,本文对在沪15家中外资银行竞争力水平进行实证研究。研究结果表明,外资银行整体竞争力强于中资银行,中资银行在客户资源、资产规模、网点等总量方面竞争优势明显,外资银行则在风险控制、成本控制、金融创新、人才培育等方面竞争优势突出。在中资银行内部,股份制银行的竞争力全面优于地方性银行。在外资银行内部,来自亚洲新兴市场的外资银行竞争力整体强于来自欧美市场的外资银行。中外资银行竞争优势具有较强的互补性,相互学习和借鉴有助于提高中国银行业整体竞争力水平。根据实证结果,总结了中外资银行竞争力优势和不足形成的原因,并就中资银行竞争力培育提出了政策建议。     

Liquidating large security positions strategically: a pragmatic and empirical approach

This article investigates static liquidation strategies for large security positions in illiquid markets. Under the assumption that the liquidation horizon is given exogenously, a discretionary liquidity trader solves for the optimal sales trajectory so as to maximize an objective function that considers the expected liquidation revenues and their standard deviation. Although existing literature tends to focus on theoretical aspects with the intention of deriving closed-form solutions for special types of market impact functions, this article considers a framework that is able to capture important empirical phenomena in the stock market, such as the intraday U-shaped pattern of price impact and the resiliency of the order book. The new model is very flexible since it allows for liquidation intervals of varying length and foregoes the assumption of constant speed of trading. Examples with real-world order book data demonstrate how the setup can be implemented numerically and provide deeper insight into relevant properties of the model.     

Anonymity,Stealth Trading,and the Information Content of Broker Identity

This paper examines whether the identity of a broker involved in transactions contains information. Using a sample of transactions from the Australian Stock Exchange—where broker identity is transparent—we provide evidence that consecutive buyer‐/seller‐initiated transactions by the same broker have a relatively high permanent price impact. This implies that broker identity conveys information to market participants, and that markets in which broker identity is disclosed are likely to be more efficient. We also find that medium‐sized trades by the same broker convey greater information than large and small trades, which is consistent with stealth trading by informed investors.     

Persistence and the four‐factor model in the Australian funds market: a note

We investigate whether Australian fund managers are able to deliver persistent performance using Carhart’s (1997) four‐factor model. Short‐ and long‐term persistence is examined and the sample is also divided into unit trusts and superannuation funds. We do not find evidence of persistence in any sample of funds. We find that winner (loser) funds tend to hold past winner (loser) stocks. Winner and loser unit trusts both appear to have positive exposure to small stocks.     

Assessing the Fiscal Costs and Benefits of A8 Migration to the UK*

This paper assesses the fiscal consequences of migration to the UK from the Central and Eastern European countries that joined the European Union in May 2004 (A8 countries). We show that A8 immigrants who arrived after EU enlargement in 2004 and who have at least one year of residence, and are therefore legally eligible to claim benefits, are 59 per cent less likely than natives to receive state benefits or tax credits and 57 per cent less likely to live in social housing. Furthermore, even if A8 immigrants had the same demographic characteristics as natives, they would still be 13 per cent less likely to receive benefits and 29 per cent less likely to live in social housing. We go on to compare the net fiscal contribution of A8 immigrants with that of individuals born in the UK, and find that in each fiscal year since enlargement in 2004, irrespective of the way that the net fiscal contribution is defined, A8 immigrants made a positive contribution to the public finances despite the fact that the UK has been running a budget deficit over the last few years. This is because they have a higher labour force participation rate, pay proportionately more in indirect taxes and make much less use of benefits and public services.     

Evaluating asset pricing models using the second Hansen-Jagannathan distance

We develop a specification test and a sequence of model selection procedures for non-nested, overlapping, and nested models based on the second Hansen-Jagannathan distance, which requires a good asset pricing model to not only have small pricing errors but also be arbitrage free. Our methods have reasonably good finite sample performances and are more powerful than existing ones in detecting misspecified models with small pricing errors but are not arbitrage-free and in differentiating models that have similar pricing errors of a given set of test assets. Using the Fama and French size and book-to-market portfolios, we reach dramatically different conclusions on model performances based on our approach and existing methods.     

建筑工程物化环境影响的生态足迹评价

生态足迹方法可以将建设项目的资源和能源消费量转化为所必需的各种生态生产性土地的面积,用以客观反映建筑工程的环境影响,国外已有研究将生态足迹方法应用于建筑工程、产品或活动的环境影响评价.文章基于生态足迹的基本理论,建立了建筑工程物化阶段环境影响的一种定量评价模型,并用该模型对北京"未来之家"的示范建筑进行测算,分析了生态足迹方法评价建筑工程环境影响的适用性和应用条件.