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91.
我国农村普遍存在供给型金融压抑,农村经济主体资金需求得不到有效满足,只能转而求助于民间非正规金融。本文在对农村民间金融的基本状况进行分析的基础上,继续探讨了民间金融所存在的问题,并提出了相关的对策。本文认为考虑我国农村地区的金融发展现状,民间金融的存在是必要的,但是必须加以规范和引导。 相似文献
92.
近些年来,FDI对发展中东道国的技术溢出效应受到了国内外学者越来越多的关注,因为FDI的载体——跨国公司是绝大多数先进技术的创造者,也是全球技术转移与技术扩散的主体。本文借助柯布——道格拉斯生产函数建立模型,按照河南省四个经济区的城市划分将数据分为三组,分别得出了FDI在不同的经济区产生了不同的技术溢出效应的结论。基于分析结果,最后提出了提高FDI在河南省工业部门技术溢出效应的一些政策建议。 相似文献
93.
XIAOCHUN
LI XIAOYING
QIAN 《The South African journal of economics. Suid-afrikaanse tydskrif vir ekonomie》2011,79(2):146-160
With China's economic development and capital accumulation in the industrial sectors, the human capital level of the labours moving from the rural areas could no longer meet the demand of the industrial sectors. Therefore, “structural shortage of technical labour” emerged in the labour market as a result of excess of demand for high‐skilled workers. Previous literature mostly focused on the relationship between rural human‐capital level and labour movement, income change and economic growth, but in this article, the authors focus on the study of the relative disparity of urban and rural human capital and labour movement, as well as the effect of the change of urban–rural human capital gap on industrial output, profit and social welfare. This article shows that bridging the urban–rural gap in respect of human capital level could not only improve the situation of the “structural shortage of technical labour,” but also have a positive effect on the general social welfare. 相似文献
94.
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96.
Saswati Das 《Oxford Development Studies》2016,44(4):420-440
This paper studies the impact of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGA) at the all-India level utilizing nationally representative data from the national sample survey (NSS). We propose an alternative methodology for the proper identification of target households in the baseline period using a secondary data source such as the NSS. The programme is assessed in terms of whether it has been successful in ensuring livelihood security for beneficiary households. The study found that the increase in spending capacity of non-beneficiary households was greater than MGNREGA beneficiary households. Moreover, the overall growth trend in spending capacity over time had a greater effect in improving the livelihood security of the target households than the estimated effect of the programme. 相似文献
97.
English National Health Service Foundation Trusts are subject to a regulatory regime in which the level of monitoring and intervention is determined by performance against two key performance metrics: a ‘financial risk rating’, based on a number of performance metrics, such as the reported surplus margin and return on assets, and a ‘prudential borrowing limit’. In this paper, we investigate the variation in financial reporting quality, proxied by discretionary accruals, with the incentives introduced by this regime. We find: first, that discretionary accruals are managed to report small surpluses; second, that, consistent with the avoidance of regulatory intervention in both the short and medium term, discretionary accruals are more positive when pre-managed performance is below intervention triggering thresholds and more negative when well above threshold; third, that, despite a move away from financial breakeven as the primary performance objective, there remains an aversion to small loss reporting. We further find that the level of discretionary accruals is driven by two metrics of strategic significance: the surplus margin (a measure of retained earnings) and the prudential borrowing limit (a measure of borrowing capacity). 相似文献
98.
Wolszczak‐Derlacz Joanna 《Bulletin of economic research》2014,66(Z1):S110-S131
This paper examines the impact of competition on the total factor productivity (TFP) of 21 manufacturing sectors in eighteen OECD countries over the period of time 1990–2006. We assume that the source of TFP growth can be either domestic or foreign innovation or technology transfer from the technological frontier. Trade openness, R&D, and human capital can have two effects: a direct effect on TFP (e.g., through innovation) and an indirect effect depending on the productivity gap between a given country and the technological frontier. We find that tougher domestic competition is always associated with higher sectoral productivity. Both import and export penetrations are positively associated with an increase of TFP. However, the channels through which higher TFP is materialized are different: export penetration works through level effect, while import penetration acts mainly when conditional on the level of technological development. The economical magnitude of the effect is not trivial. 相似文献
99.
通过对徐州地区新农村建设示范村的实地走访和调查,对徐州地区农村金融的现状、问题进行了比较详细的阐述,在此基础上提出了优化徐州地区农村金融体系的具体路径。 相似文献
100.
Hans Westlund 《Review of social economy》2013,71(2):163-182
Recent research has shown growing shares of employment in the social economy (or non-profit sector) both in the European Union and in the United States. In the EU, there seems to be growing hopes that the social economy will be capable of contributing to local progress on the unemployment issue in crisis regions. This paper analyses employment in certain entrepreneurial forms, usually considered belonging to the social economy, in Sweden during the 1990s. The results show considerable regional differences of employment in the social economy, but also that its share of the labor market is very limited. The effect of social-economic organizations on employment, therefore, is probably mainly indirect in as much as they function as platforms for cooperation between firms or else as embryos for enterprises by strengthening local entrepreneurship and helping to nurture a deposit of social capital which has visible effects on private business and jobs. However, these effects need more detailed examinations. 相似文献