从酸刺村看宁夏南部山区非农产业发展问题

过剩劳动力沉积于农业和农村是造成我国农村长期贫困的根源。宁夏南部山区的西海固由于历史和环境的原因，当地的贫困问题更为突出，发展非农产业来转移农村过剩的劳动力是解决这类地区贫困问题的根本途径。本文通过对宁夏南部西吉县酸刺村的调查分析来论述宁夏南部山区的非农产业发展问题。     

智力劳动的分配决定效应及模型

随着知识的积累与科技的进步 ,智力密集型劳动已经替代体力密集型劳动成为价值的最主要源泉。智力劳动的特征使得凝结在产品中的劳动含量与智力投资呈正相关 ,进而与其所形成的智力劳动力价值呈正向相关。因此 ,提高智力劳动力价值在分配决定机制中的权重 ,相对于现行以工龄为主体的工资决定体制而言 ,更能体现按“能”付酬原则 ,更能体现生产力的进步对分配的决定作用。以简单劳动力价值确定最低工资水平 ,然后依据每一阶次的智力劳动力价值差别确定工资水平差别 ,更能推动智力投资与劳动力资源的合理配置。以智力劳动力价值为基础的工资分配制度 ,可界定为一个基于贴现理论的微观静态分配模型。     

我国人口结构变化、资本偏向型技术进步与劳动收入份额演变 ——基于1990-2017省际面板数据的研究

在我国老龄化程度加深及出生率下降的背景下,从CES生产函数出发,构建理论模型,试图从人口结构、技术进步偏向角度探索我国劳动收入份额的演变机制。并通过我国1990-2017年省级层面数据的研究,表明我国要素间是互补的,技术进步偏向资本,我国人口结构的变化——老年抚养比上升及少儿抚养比下降对我国劳动收入份额产生了负面的影响。同时,我国技术进步的资本偏向性特征,降低了我国劳动收入份额。在控制了其他因素、分区域及剔除异常值进行检验后,结果仍然显著。     

北京市城乡劳动力统筹就业问题研究

北京市城乡劳动力统筹就业存在的主要问题是：宏观缺乏指导，就业渠道不畅和劳动力素质偏低。推进城乡统筹就业的原则是：将农村富余劳动力转移与城市就业、再就业置于同等地位，既要统筹兼顾北京市农村和城镇劳动力，又要统筹兼顾北京市和外省市劳动力，最终建立起城乡一体的、公平竞争的、高效有序的劳动力市场，促进城乡劳动力充分就业。主要对策有：出台统一指导农村劳动力转移就业的相关政策，完善农村就业服务体系，加强流动劳动力的监控力度，完善资金支持体系，扶持骨干乡镇企业发展。     

企业价值来源及其理论研究

随着时代变化 ,价值来源的范围不断扩大。本文从企业角度 ,对劳动价值理论、资本价值理论、客户价值理论的基本思想和价值产生机理进行了阐述 ,指出三种价值理论是一个完整的体系 ,只是在不同时期、不同企业 ,主体地位不同而已。从劳动价值理论、资本价值理论为主转向客户价值理论为主 ,将成为指导企业发展的必然走势。     

浅谈中等职业学校学生的素质培养

由于社会在不断地发展,就对职校生提出了新的要求。作为职业教育学校所培养的学生,应该具备什么样的知识,具备什么样的素质,这是一个需要探讨的问题。而所谓职业教育,是指对受教育者实施的某种职业或生产劳动所需的知识和技能的教育。1996年5月15日颁布的《中华人民共和国职业教育法》,规定了建立、健全包括职业学校教育与职业培训的职业教育体系。     

Female participation in African labor markets: The role of information and communication technologies

This article investigates the effects of information and communication technologies (ICT) on female labor force participation in a sample of 48 African countries. We specify and estimate linear regression and dynamic panel data models with fixed effects (FE) and system-generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) estimation over the period 2001–2017. The three main results are that ICT use (mobile phone and internet) significantly stimulates female labor force participation in Africa; this effect is enhanced by financial development and female education; the effect of ICT on female employment in Africa is strongest in the industrial sector. These results remain robust to the provision of social, cultural, and institutional variables.     

Is Part-Time Employment after Childbirth a Stepping-Stone into Full-Time Work? A Cohort Study for East and West Germany

Does part-time work support first-time mothers’ employment by providing a stepping-stone into full-time work in Germany? Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel from 1984–2012, this study compares three different age cohorts of first-time East and West German mothers to investigate whether there has been any convergence between East and West Germany in the way women use part-time employment. Results show that mothers in West Germany in all cohorts tended to remain in part-time employment for longer periods than those in East Germany. Part-time employment more often provided a stepping-stone into full-time employment in East Germany than in West Germany. East German women who gave birth after reunification were less likely than older cohorts to experience a transition from part-time to full-time work. Thus, part-time employment not followed by subsequent full-time work has become more common in the East.     

Service,emotional labor,and mindfulness

From the seclusion of monastic life to the noise of Silicon Valley, the ancient practice of mindfulness has ‘come out of the cloister.’ As an antidote to mindless cognition and behavior, the practice of mindfulness—with its principle of grounding attention in the present moment—has been shown to have powerful and positive effects at both the individual and the collective level and in fields as wide-ranging as medicine, schooling, prison programs, law and negotiation, business, and even the army. This installment of Marketing & Technology introduces mindfulness to managers and explores its potential for enhancing the service encounter. We begin by reviewing the two main conceptualizations of mindfulness: the cognitive and the contemplative. We then explore the service encounter from the perspective of emotional labor and show how mindfulness can change surface acting into deep acting, thereby significantly improving the service encounter for both the consumer and provider. We also explore the other benefits of mindfulness and their application to the service encounter: adaptability, flexibility, and creativity. We conclude by sharing resources for managers interested in implementing mindfulness training.