油气田科研院所如何开展质量管理小组活动

根据油气田科研院所产品的特点。从活动范围、活动程序、各自的特点、目的、关注点等方面论述了科研项目研究活动与QC小组活动的异同。并结合实例对科研院所如何开展QC小组活动进行了阐述。     

加强标准制修订前期研究保证采标项目在国内的实用性和适用性

介绍了当前标准化的形势、采标现状和存在的问题,并结合全国天然气标准化技术委员会在采标工作中的实际问题,提出解决措施。指出,加强标准制修订前期研究,可以更好的消化吸收国际先进标准,在研究成果的基础上进行标准的制修订,将使制定的标准更具实用性和适用性。     

影响孤东油田注汽系统效率的因素及对策

结合孤东油田稠油注汽开发工作实际，分析了注汽系统效率现状及存在问题，指出了影响油田注汽系统效率提高的三个方面因素．即注汽管网热损失较大影响注汽系统效率、注汽井筒隔热管热损失大注汽效果难以保证、注汽干度稳定性差影响系统效率．并针对存在问题和影响系统效率提高的因素，提出了相应的对策与措施。     

网络型能源产业融合动因与改革进程

回顾网络产业融合理论以及电力产业和天然气产业的市场化改革历程,分析网络产业分拆式改革后融合化发展的动因,结果显示:放松规制、信息技术发展、市场竞争因素以及消费者需求是网络型能源产业分拆后再融合的主要动因.市场化改革历程表明在各种因素的推动下,我国网络型能源产业正在逐步形成融合化发展趋势.     

室内燃气管道设计方案浅析

文章总结了室内燃气管道设计及存在的安全隐患,提出了室内燃气管道的设计与安全相统一。     

Grain price stabilization in India: Evaluation of policy alternatives

Stabilization of prices is an important element of food policy in India as in most other countries — both developing and eveloped. However, since the magnitude of grain stocks held for this purpose as well as the costs of physical storage have become prohibitively high, there is now a need for finding cost-effective alternatives including non interventionist and market-oriented methods for price stabilization. In this paper we consider the case of rice and wheat which are staple foodgrains in India. We make a comparison between alternative price stabilization policies including that of holding buffer stocks in terms of their impact on domestic price stability, producer and consumer welfare and government costs. A multi-market equilibrium framework is used where private storage, consumption, supply and prices of rice and wheat are determined simultaneously. Indian exports and imports are assumed to affect world prices. The alternative price stabilizing mechanisms are ranked according to both the criteria, welfare and price stability achieved. The main findings are as follows. The ranking of alternatives varies with the criterion used. Greater price stability need not necessarily imply greater welfare. The option of variable levies on private external trade turns out to be the most inexpensive and that of domestic buffer stocks the costliest in achieving price stability. Further, the efficacy of buffer stocks and subsidy to private storage in stabilizing prices is lower under free trade as compared to the case where the economy is closed to private external trade.     

汽车时钟弹簧的应用

文章阐述了汽车时钟弹簧的定义及其在汽车中的应用,并着重介绍了时钟弹簧在汽车应用中的一些失效模式及装配过程中的各项注意事项,提出制造过程的质量控制要求与方法。     

Methodology to calculate the carbon footprint of household land use in the urban planning stage

The growing concerns of climate change require implementing measures to quantify, to monitor and to minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Nonetheless, most of the measures available are not easy to define or execute because they rely on current emissions and have a corrective character. To address this issue, a methodology to characterize GHG emissions that allows implementing preventive measures is proposed in this paper. The methodology is related to household urban planning procedures and considers urban infrastructures to characterize GHG emissions and to execute preventive measures based on sustainability design criteria. The methodology has been tested by applying it to a set of medium-sized municipalities with average GHG emissions from 6,822.32 kgCO_2eq/year to 5,913.79 kgCO_2eq/year for every residential unit. The results indicate that the greatest pollutant source is transport, especially in the issuance of street network design, followed by gas and electricity consumption. The average undevelopable land area required for the complete GHG emissions capture amounts to 3.42 m² of undevelopable land for every m² of urbanizable land and 9.02 m² of undevelopable land for every m² of built land.     

水下高速气体射流的实验研究

本文对高速空气射流在受限约束下的动力学行为进行了实验研究。通过流动可视化揭示了高速空气射流在单筒和同心筒发射筒底部滞止、反转、而后向上绕经航行体或同心筒间隙向上喷入水中的演化过程。主要观察了单筒底部有无导流锥、同心筒三种间隙在不同压比和不同流量下的气水两相流态,并测量了航行体与发射筒的壁面压力分布。给出了航行体壁表面压力的动态变化规律,和沿轴向的分布规律。     

企业兼并——中国经济发展的必然选择

本文从资产重组的角度，以经济学理论为指导，论述了中国走企业兼并之路的必然性，揭示了实施企业兼并所面临的难题，并且有针对性地提出了消除企业兼并障碍的新见解。