从生态伦理视野对当今企业管理的疏解

当前有关企业管理的研究层次以及类别比较活跃,但将企业管理与生态环境伦理问题相结合的研究还很不成熟。随着人类环保意识的逐步提高,现代企业管理应更加关注其与人类生活的生态环境相结合的问题。从生态伦理的角度重新审视现代企业管理中存在的一系列问题,进而解决此类问题,以促进社会更快、更好的发展,最终实现整个社会的可持续发展。     

Linking Ethics and Risk Management in Taxation: Evidence from an Exploratory Study in Ireland and the UK

Ethical dilemmas involving tax issues were identified by members of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants as posing the most difficult ethical problem for them (Finn et al., Journal of Business Ethics 7(8), pp. 607–609, 1988). The KPMG tax shelter fraud case proves that the tax profession has not gone untainted in the age of numerous accounting and corporate scandals, such as the Enron débacle (Sikka and Hampton, Accounting Forum 29(3), 325–343, 2005). High-profile scandals serve to highlight the problems caused by differences in ethical judgement among accountants and tax practitioners and the issue of ethics has been brought publicly to the forefront of the profession. Nevertheless, the nature and dimension of ethical issues in tax practice have been largely unexplored (Erard, Journal of Public Economics 52(2), 163–197, 1993; Marshall et al., Journal of Business Ethics 17(12), 1265–1279, 1998; Frecknall Hughes, Unpublished PhD Thesis, The University of Leeds, 2002). This research aims to contribute to the debate on ethics in tax practice by reporting interview data on tax practitioners’ perceptions of ethics in the jurisdictions of Ireland and the United Kingdom and exploring the link or equation of ethics with risk management.     

Corporate Risk Management under Information Asymmetry

This paper examines the financial and operational hedging activities of US pharmaceutical and biotech firms that are subject to a high level of information asymmetry stemming from R&D investments during 2001–2006. We find evidence in support of the information asymmetry hypothesis à la Froot, Scharfstein and Stein (1993) that hedging helps mitigate the under‐investment problem. Specifically, we find that the use of financial derivatives is associated with greater firm value and that the value enhancement is larger for firms subject to greater information asymmetry and better growth opportunities. There is a synergy between financial hedging and operational hedging where the latter is used to counter product development risk. The results are robust with respect to alternative performance measures, industry‐specific growth measures, and the endogeneity problem. Our work is differentiated from existing studies that examined commodity‐based industries without addressing information asymmetry.     

资产证券化的会计确认方法比较研究

资产证券化为我国融资难问题的解决提供了一种新的方式,被认为是20世纪金融市场中发展最为迅速的金融创新工具。资产证券化作为一种具有复杂结构的交易,这一交易结构的运行,需要法律、税收、会计制度、技术等层面的支持,其中会计制度是一个重要的方面。对资产证券化业务一般形式的会计业务发起人的会计处理理念进行阐述,并对我国资产证券化会计确认问题的相关会计制度进行国际比较和分析,可以为准则的应用和资产证券化在我国的进一步发展提供有益借鉴。     

论我国体育产业经营中的风险管理与控制

本文根据风险理论结合体育行业特点,对体育产业中所存潜在风险的类型、原因进行了分析,提出了体育产业经营管理中风险的管理与控制机制。旨在对于我国今后体育产业的长足发展提出建设性意义。     

路网环境下危险品运输的风险控制及应急保障机制研究

研究了我国路网环境下交通特点、危险品运输特点及危险品紧急事件的风险特征,剖析了危险品运输的致灾因子,提出了路网环境下危险品运输的风险控制一般模式、技术框架和应急保障机制建议,为我国具有特殊性和复杂性的路网环境下危险品运输安全监管提供可借鉴的思路。     

基于内部控制视角的企业环境风险管理研究——以紫金矿业为例

以紫金矿业重大环境污染事故为例，文章对企业内部控制五大要素进行了分析，以探讨企业环境风险管理不当的成因。研究发现，造成环境污染事故的主要原因是企业内部控制失效。因而文章认为，建立并良好执行以风险为导向的内部控制制度，有助于企业加强环境风险管理，履行社会责任，提升企业的外部竞争优势。同时建议监管部门应出台上市公司环境信息披露的强制制度，提供标准化的环境披露规范。     

Does the Welfare State Destroy the Family? Evidence from OECD Member Countries

We study the effect of the size of the welfare state on demographic trends in OECD member countries. Exploiting exogenous variation in public social spending, due to varying degrees of political fractionalization (i.e., the number of relevant parties involved in the legislative process), we show that an expansion in the welfare state increases fertility, marriage, and divorce rates with a quantitatively stronger effect on the marriage rate. We conclude that the welfare state supports family formation in the aggregate. Further, we find that the welfare state decouples marriage and fertility, and therefore alters the organization of the average family.     

黑龙江省土地利用效益综合测度及耦合协调度研究

文章从土地利用经济、社会、生态效益入手构建适用于黑龙江省土地利用效益评价指标体系,结合熵值赋权与变异系数的综合确权法测算各城市土地利用经济、社会、生态效益水平及各指标权重,基于耦合协调度模型划分城市土地利用经济-社会-生态效益两两间耦合阶段与协调类型,研究表明:(1)黑龙江省西南部土地利用效益高于东北部,经济、生态、社会效益呈现明显的等级层次性,其中大庆与哈尔滨经济、社会效益居于首位,黑河与牡丹江生态效益最高;(2)黑龙江省生态-社会效益耦合协调强度大于经济-社会,经济-生态效益最低,多数城市处于拮抗耦合,仅伊春与黑河的经济-生态、经济-社会效益为低水平耦合;(3)黑龙江省西南部的协调程度整体高于东北部,其中仅哈尔滨与大庆土地利用效益为协调状态,其余城市均为失调。     

生态资本的界定及衡量:文献综述

通过对国内外生态资本相关理论成果的梳理和归纳,评述了生态资本的概念界定、核算衡量和运营机制三方面的内容,着重介绍了森林生态资本相关研究进展,并指出了其未来发展趋势:一方面结合中国林权制度改革的实际、森林生态效益补偿的推进,想方设法解决所面临的现实问题,完善森林生态资本理论;另一方面借鉴国内外其他较成熟生态资本类型研究成果,不断丰富森林生态资本的分析视角,为其合理界定、科学核算、高效运营奠定基础。