证监会处罚对公司盈余管理的影响后果及机制研究

以2001—2009年因财务舞弊而被证监会处罚的上市公司为样本,检验公司受罚前后的盈余管理行为变化,结果发现:违规公司受罚后的盈余管理行为不仅没有减少,反而更多地使用了较为隐蔽的盈余管理方式——构建真实的活动以规避证监会的处罚;就处罚强度和处罚引起的市场反应这两种影响机制而言,市场反应的作用相对更大,市场反应的弱化会对公司的盈余管理行为起反向的激励作用。     

征信体系建设中的失信惩戒机制分析

当前,我国失信问题比较严重,其中重要的一个原因就是对失信者的惩戒机制还没有完全形成。本文对失信惩戒机制的基本内涵、功能以及构成要素进行了分析,并运用规范的经济学研究方法研究了失信惩戒机制运作的机理,最后对完善我国征信体系中的失信惩戒机制提出了一些建议和措施。     

一种基于二阶锥规划的新时差定位算法

针对传统时差定位算法在量测噪声较大情况下定位性能不佳的缺点,提出了一种基 于二阶锥规划的新时差定位算法。该算法通过凸松弛和引入惩罚项,将难以求解的用户位置 最大似然估计问题转换为一个易于求解的二阶锥规划问题,并将松弛问题的最优解作为用户 位置的初始估计,利用传统的泰勒级数展开法得到最终定位结果。仿真给出了不同基站数目 及量测噪声下算法的定位性能。仿真结果表明,在量测噪声较大的情况下,新算法的定位精 度 仍可以逼近理论克拉美罗下限, 而且算法中惩罚因子的选取范围易于确定。     

SCAD‐penalized quantile regression for high‐dimensional data analysis and variable selection

The present penalized quantile variable selection methods are only applicable to finite number of predictors or do not have oracle property associated with estimator. This technique is considered as an alternative to ordinary least squares regression in case of the outliers and the heavy‐tailed errors existing in linear models. The variable selection through quantile regression with diverging number of parameters is investigated in this paper. The convergence rate of estimator with smoothly clipped absolute deviation penalty function is also studied. Moreover, the oracle property with proper selection of tuning parameter for quantile regression under certain regularity conditions is also established. In addition, the rank correlation screening method is used to accommodate ultra‐high dimensional data settings. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate finite performance of the proposed estimator. The results of real data reveal that this approach provides substantially more information as compared with ordinary least squares, conventional quantile regression, and quantile lasso.     

Penalty and related estimation strategies in the spatial error model

Spatial autoregressive models are powerful tools in the analysis of data sets from diverse scientific areas of research such as econometrics, plant species richness, cancer mortality rates, image processing, analysis of the functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data, and many more. An important class in the host of spatial autoregressive models is the class of spatial error models in which spatially lagged error terms are assumed. In this paper, we propose efficient shrinkage and penalty estimators for the regression coefficients of the spatial error model. We carry out asymptotic as well as simulation analyses to illustrate the gain in efficiency achieved by these new estimators. Furthermore, we apply the new methodology to housing prices data and provide a bootstrap approach to compute prediction errors of the new estimators.     

我国企业信用缺失问题浅探

本文在分析我国企业信用缺失原因的基础上．提出维护和提高我国企业商业信用的对策：1．制定和完善相关法规并从严执法：2．尽快建立和完善失信惩罚机制和守信激励机制；3．转变政府职能，规范政府行为，加强企业商业信用管理基础工作；4．提高企业经营者职业道德素质，培育企业信用文化。     

论完善对商业贿赂犯罪的刑事处罚

我国现行立法对商业贿赂犯罪的刑事处罚是不完善的,主要体现在财产罚力度不够、生命罚设置过剩、资格罚设置欠缺。商业贿赂犯罪的核心是获取不正当的商业利益,根据“罪责刑相适应”原则,我国应对商业贿赂犯罪加大财产罚力度、废除受贿罪死刑、增设资格罚。     

Dynamic Incentive Contracts in Multiple Penalty Systems with No-commitment to Tenure-track Auditing

This paper generalizes Khalil's (1997) static model to a multiperiod one in the tenure-track auditing. Three penalty systems considered are full-transfer-dependent, partial-transfer-dependent, and transfer-independent ones. It is found that the equilibrium under the tenure-track auditing is also an equilibrium under the periodic auditing. The conditions under which the principal prefers the periodic auditing, or is indifferent between the two auditing schemes are derived. Incentive contracts may vary in different penalty systems. For instance, the equilibrium with principal’s sure ex post auditing exists only under the partial-transfer-dependent and transfer-independent penalty systems. And the equilibrium with the first-best contract as the first-period optimum appears merely under the transfer-independent penalty system.     

Endogenous Verifiability and Optimality in Agency

This paper investigates the optimal contract design in a principal-agent model where verification of an agent's action is endogenously determined through strategic interactions between contracting parties. We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for the first best outcome to be implemented as an equilibrium. The equilibrium has the following features: (i) The action level that the agent chooses is not verified even if it is possible. (ii) Nevertheless, the first best can be attained by making a contract contingent on the unverified action. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D20, K40.     

专利犯罪立法比较研究

综观世界各国对专利犯罪的有关规定,关于立法模式,可分为附属刑法规定型和刑法典规定型两种类型;关于专利犯罪罪名设置,可分为立法侧重保护公共法益与国家法益、立法侧重保护个人法益、立法对两种保护并重3种基本类型;关于专利犯罪刑罚,各国立法皆重视罚金刑的运用,另有一些国家对专利犯罪规定适用资格刑;关于专利犯罪追诉方式,多数国家都实行自诉制度。我国应借鉴其它国家有关规定完善我国专利犯罪立法,立法模式应采取附属刑法规定和刑法典规定相结合;情节恶劣、危害严重的冒充专利行为和专利侵权行为应构成犯罪;扩大罚金刑的适用,适用资格刑;应在刑法或刑事诉讼法中将专利犯罪明文规定为告诉才处理之罪。