供应链合作伙伴选择的风险识别与防范

对供应商选择过程中存在的风险进行正确有效的识别和防范,对于提升供应链整体的效率有着重大意义。在对供应链环境下供应商选择中的风险因素进行了识别的基础上,认为在供应链合作伙伴选择中存在环境风险、合作风险和能力风险三种风险,最后提出了相应的具体的风险防范措施,为企业有效地规避和减少供应商选择的风险提供了切实可行的策略,以期对企业有所借鉴意义。     

Industry Structure and Corporate Debt Maturity

We examine how industry competition affects firms’ choice of short‐term debt. We find that the percentage of short‐term debt is positively related to industry concentration at low levels of concentration, and inversely related to industry concentration at higher levels of concentration. This nonlinear relation is stronger in industries where firms are either more homogeneous or compete more aggressively. Moreover, we find that firms with shorter‐maturity debt are less aggressive than their rivals in the product market. The overall evidence suggests that although financial contracts alleviate agency problems, they exacerbate the risk of predation.     

产业集聚的机制与效应分析——以河南省数据为例

本文改进了Ellision和Glaeser定义的地理集中度指数,建立了产业集中度指数并对河南省2003-2009年20个产业的集聚程度进行了测算。我们的结论是,河南省20个产业在2003-2006年间总体集聚程度提高,在2006-2009年间集聚程度大幅下降;河南省产业集聚程度变动的机制与各产业拥有的垄断优势强弱呈正相关关系;这种垄断优势不一定是大企业所特有的,中小企业如果在技术、管理和品牌方面拥有垄断优势也会加强产业的集聚程度,相反大企业仅仅生产规模大而没有其他的垄断优势,则产业的集聚程度会减弱。Porterd和Krugman的产业集聚促进经济增长的理论并不适合所有的产业;产业集聚如果要促进产业和经济的增长,关键是要培育产业在全国范围内技术、资本、管理和品牌方面的垄断优势;河南省总体的垄断优势在全国有弱化的趋势,因此加紧培育产业的垄断优势就成为河南省乃至各地区经济发展的一项重要任务。     

A企业的供应商分类策略研究

在整个物资采购网络中，为了增强对供应商管理和控制的有效性，企业应将供应商划分为不同类型的群体。然后对不同类型的物资供应商采取不同的供应商管理模式．以节省管理成本，提高采购柔性，适应市场的变化。从企业供应商分类的现状及存在的问题着手．以物品本身的重要性和其供应市场复杂程度为依据，重新建立采购物品分类模型，最后通过企业实例进行了验证分析。     

基于层次分析法的核电设备供应商评价体系研究

核电设备供应商的有效评价对核电站的建设质量、安全性及成本效益等具有重要影响，是核电站建造过程的重要环节。在工程总承包（EPC）模式下，总承包企业在设计、质保、成本控制等方面对供应商提出了更高的要求。从商务资质、技术水平、质量保证、价格因素、履约能力5个方面提出了核电设备供应商综合评价指标体系，并依据该体系运用层次分析法对2家供应商进行评价结果的计算，通过算例分析，阐述了该方法的科学性、可操作性和有效性。     

20Kt/a煅烧焦回转窑耐高温下料溜管技术改造的研究

介绍在大港油田20Kt/a煅烧焦厂煅烧回转窑高温下料溜管的投产使用中,针对出现的焊口开裂、高温下管体变形等一系列问题,通过焊接应力分析、高温温差应力、溜管整体结构受力分析等方法和原理,从整体结构和焊接方法两方面进行技术改造,探讨出符合大港油田20Kt/a煅烧焦60米回转窑使用要求的耐高温下料溜管制作安装方法。     

News from the Monopoly Front: Changes in Industrial Concentration, 1992–1997

Comparing concentration ratios between 1992 and 1997 raises difficulties because the 1997 data are arranged according to a new industrial nomenclature. By comparing concentration ratios in industries where the definition did not change, it is possible to make comparisons of changes in concentration between the two years and to document the considerable changes in industrial structure in the manufacturing and retail sectors.     

Advertising, Its Determinants, and Market Structure

This study derives a formal model of firm advertising behavior and applies it to the industry level to figure out the relationship between advertising and market structure. The firm advertising model shows that both consumer preference andfirm-specific advertising competence jointly determineprofit-maximizing advertising intensity. At the industry level, advertising intensity is represented multiplicatively by consumer preference and a measure of market structure, which reflects the joint distribution of the levels of advertising competence and market shares among firms. The new market structure measure suggests that those single-dimensional measures of market structure such as seller concentration and the Herfindahl index are inadequate in explaining interindustry differences in advertising intensity, and that the long-debated advertising-concentration relationship differs depending primarily on the appropriability of advertising. An empirical analysis of 426 five-digit Korean manufacturing industries shows that an inverted U-shaped relationship between the Herfindahl index and industry advertising intensity is observed for consumer goods industries but a lazy J-shaped relationship for producer goods industries.     

Market Power,Efficiency and the Dispersion of Systematic Risk

A number of studies have used the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to integrate product market and financial theories of the firm. We reexamine the relationship between product market structure and systematic risk at the firm and industry level. We show that theory yields no testable implications at the firm level. We show, however, that there is a relationship between the intraindustry dispersion of systematic risk and industry concentration which depends on the causes and consequences of concentration. Estimates of the relationship between the intraindustry variance of and concentration for a 1987 cross-section of U.S. industries suggest that concentration allows larger firms to exercise market power.     

Auditor Concentration: A Replication and Extension for the UK Audit Market 1991–1995

This paper examines the issue of auditor concentration in the UK during the period from 1991 to 1995. It shows that in 1995 the Big Six held 75% of the total number of audits and collectively earned 92% of the total audit fees. There was only a small increase in auditor concentration during the five year period, resulting from companies switching from small audit firms to Big Six and newly listed companies choosing a Big Six firm. The paper also examines auditor concentration within industries. Finally, the study assesses the measurement methods most commonly used in auditor concentration studies.