冷作模具钢D2探伤合格率低的原因分析

通过对探伤不合格的D2模具扁钢的金相、电镜观察发现,粗大的碳化物碎裂是探伤不合格的根本原因。分析了粗大碳化物以及其碎裂的原因,降低了浇注温度,改进了锻造加热及变形工艺,控制了开坯总时间,最终使模具钢的探伤合格率由72.6%提高到94.5%。     

Bribery solicitations and firm performance in the Latin America and Caribbean region

This study shows that for firms in the Latin America and Caribbean region, bribery significantly distorts firm growth. Firms that were solicited for bribes when conducting business transactions – such as applying for permits, electricity, or water connections – have 23% lower annual sales growth than firms that do not face such solicitations. Moreover, these distortions are more severe for low-revenue-generating and young firms. Using the instrumental variables method on cross-sectional data as well as evidence from panel data, the authors show that these results are robust to different specifications and the use of different sub-samples.     

企业减少二氧化碳排放的技术风险评估

在2009年的根本哈根会议上,中国政府承诺到2020年,单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放将比2005年下降40%到45%。为了逐步实现这个目标,中国政府从2012年已经开始在国内七省市试行强制性碳交易系统。企业可以选择减少二氧化碳排放,碳市场上购买碳配额,或者接受政府的惩罚性碳税。对于选择减少二氧化碳的企业而言,技术风险是其在降低排放时不可避免也是最难预测的,本文结合降低二氧化碳排放的技术特点和企业的经营特性,构建了一个评估概念模型,为企业在实施减排时候提供测量风险的参考。     

Disentangling the Poverty Effects of Sectoral Output,Prices, and Policies in India

This paper attempts to disentangle the poverty effects of key policy variables that directly affect the poor (namely the government‐led channel of development spending and financing) in both agricultural and non‐agricultural sectors after accounting for the effect of respective sectoral per capita income and prices, using data from India over five decades. The paper emphasizes the sectoral composition of income and prices as mechanisms influencing the level of poverty and establishes empirically that it is the rise in non‐agricultural per capita income that reduces rural poverty via the channel of internal migration, after having controlled for the variation in key components of fiscal spending and monetary/financial policy via the availability of credit. Uneven sectoral growth pattern explains why urban poverty becomes a spill‐over of persistent rural poverty when the agricultural sector shrinks. While checking for robustness, there is evidence that the rise in non‐agricultural income alone may not reduce rural poverty, when measured in terms of rural infant mortality rate as a non‐income indicator of well‐being.     

Debt Crises and Risk‐Sharing: The Role of Markets versus Sovereigns

Using a variance decomposition of shocks to gross domestic product (GDP), we quantify the role of international factor income, international transfers, and saving in achieving risk‐sharing during the recent European crisis. We focus on the subperiods 1990–2007, 2008–2009, and 2010 and consider separately the European countries hit by the sovereign debt crisis in 2010. We decompose risk‐sharing from saving into contributions from government and private saving, and show that fiscal austerity programs played an important role in hindering risk‐sharing during the sovereign debt crisis.     

中国二氧化碳排放及影响因素分析

气候变化和二氧化碳减排问题已经引起了世界性的关注。文章对1995年~2014年我国30个省份的二氧化碳排放量进行测算,并对其进行了LMDI加和分解分析。研究中可以发现:总体上我国碳排放的最主要的驱动因素是经济增长效应,其次是人口规模效应,最后是产业结构效应,但影响较小。基于上述,提出减少二氧化碳排放的相关政策建议,以适应中国的低碳经济道路。     

Ready to run: price determinants of thoroughbreds from 2 year olds in training sales

This article utilizes data from the complete set of U.S. thoroughbred 2-year-old in-training sales held in 2013 and estimates the determinants of prices for 1806 two-year-old thoroughbreds. The results reveal that the time in which these prospective racehorses run a standardized distance is the most statistically significant determinant of market price. Other individual horse characteristics, pedigree quality variables and sale quality are also found to be price determinants. An additional result of interest is the significant premium buyers are willing to pay for horses by sires of unknown quality.     

中国P2P网贷停业及问题平台研究——基于网贷之家数据的实证分析

借助网贷之家的相关数据,本文对中国停业及问题网贷平台进行了实证分析。结果表明,2011年~2016年,中国停业及问题网贷平台数量快速增长;在问题平台的事件类型方面,2011年~2016年,提现困难、经侦介入、停业和跑路四种事件类型在不同时期的重要性并不相同;在问题平台的区域分布方面,2011年~2016年,总体上东部地区所占的比重最高,中部次之,西部最低。     

中国东、中、西地区碳排放空间差异测度及成因研究

碳排放空间差异测度研究对于科学合理地制定我国节能减排政策具有一定的指导意义。本文采用总离差和平均差测度了中国东部、中部和西部三大地区人均碳排放的空间差异,然后基于地区分解和kaya恒等式的总离差因素分解模型分析了差异的来源和成因。研究发现,2000年以来,三大地区人均碳排放量空间差异呈扩大态势,碳排放差异主要来源于地区内部,主要成因是人均GDP ,其次是能源强度和能源结构,其中西部人均GDP的贡献率初期较小但增长迅速。本文研究结论表明,在推进节能减排进程中,除了要优化能源结构和提高能源利用效率外,针对不同地区应制定不同的节能减排政策,体现节能减排政策的差异化。     

2型糖尿病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的研究

目的：探讨2型糖尿病与血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）的关系。方法纳入176例2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者和100例健康体检者。分别测定空腹血糖（FPG）、血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、果糖胺（GSP）的含量。比较T2DM和健康对照组Hey水平及其他重要生化指标的差异。结果T2DM患者Hcy水平显著升高较健康对照组差异有统计学意义。结论血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hey）升高可加重2型糖尿病（T2DM）的代谢紊乱及叶酸、维生素B6、维生素B12缺乏。