组织的社会化策略与员工离职倾向：一个组织进入过程的实证研究

组织社会化策略在新员工的组织进入过程中扮演重要的角色,对新入职员工的态度和行为有重要影响.本研究以一家家电企业上海总部的员工为对象,研究在中国环境下,组织社会化策略对新入职员工离职倾向的影响,发现制度化的组织社会化策略对新入职员工的离职倾向有显著的负面作用,而对老员工的离职倾向影响不显著.论文的结论对组织对新员工的组织进入过程的管理有借鉴意义.     

Project success and project team management: Evidence from capital projects in the process industries

Efficient project execution is a key business objective in many domains and particularly so for capital projects in the process industries, but existing project management research gives little direction about how project team factors influence three important capital project outcomes: cost, schedule, and operability. After an extensive cross-disciplinary review of the general team and project management literatures, we constructed and tested a theoretically based, five-dimensional model of organizational context, project team design, project team leadership, project team processes, and project outcome factors. We examined the model by means of an empirical study of 56 newly completed capital projects executed by 15 Fortune 500 companies in the process industries. The results indicate the value of disaggregating project outcomes for research purposes. Different bundles of project team factors were found to drive project cost, schedule, and operability. Project team efficacy, cross-functional project teams, autonomous project team structure, and virtual office usage were the strongest predictors of project cost effectiveness. Continuity of project leadership, cross-functional project teams, and project manager incentives were the strongest predictors of project construction schedule. In contrast, clear project goals and an office design to facilitate effective communication were the main predictors of plant operability. Implications of these findings for researchers and project practitioners are discussed. One major practical implication of our findings is that project managers need to clearly focus and prioritize their goals for each project so they can adopt the appropriate bundles of project team practices that will facilitate their goal achievement.     

Leadership and overcoming coordination failure with asymmetric costs

We study how the heterogeneity of agents affects the extent to which changes in financial incentives can pull a group out of a situation of coordination failure. We focus on the connections between cost asymmetries and leadership. Experimental subjects interact in groups of four in a series of weak-link games. The treatment variable is the distribution of high and low effort cost across subjects. We present data for one, two and three low-cost subjects as well as control sessions with symmetric costs. The overall pattern of coordination improvement is common across treatments. Early coordination improvements depend on the distribution of high and low effort costs across subjects, but these differences disappear with time. We find that initial leadership in overcoming coordination failure is not driven by low-cost subjects but by subjects with the most common cost type. This conformity effect may be due to a kind of group identity or to the cognitive simplicity of acting with identical others.      

The impact of the corporate income tax: evidence from state organizational form data

By taxing the income of corporate firms at a different rate than non-corporate firms, taxes can play an important role in a firm's choice of organizational form. The sensitivity of the organizational form decision to tax rates provides a key indicator of the distortion created by the corporate income tax. This paper uses new cross-sectional data on organizational form choices across states compiled in the Census of Retail Trade to estimate this sensitivity. The results document a significant impact of the relative taxation of corporate to personal income on the share of real economic activity that is done by corporations and that the impact is many times larger than has been found in the previous empirical literature based on time-series data. The results show little impact, however, on the actual operations of firms such as their labor intensity, wages and the like. They do indicate that firms are able to exploit the progressivity of the corporate income tax system by dividing into numerous firms.     

小议组织内部冲突管理

本文首先界定了组织冲突的概念,然后分析了冲突和组织绩效的关系,接着探讨了传统文化影响下国内的企业组织在冲突管理方面存在的问题,并提供了一些问题解决的对策。     

熵理论与企业组织行为的研究初探

现代社会的企业组织结构呈现出复杂系统的许多基本特质。以复杂系统中的“熵定律”来阐述企业组织的一些结构特征及行为规律。并以此理论为基础研究企业的发展，可使企业走可持续发展之路，实现企业信息化。     

基于知识配置的组织模式

本文认为,知识的分化使得工业经济时代以通用知识的运用为主的组织,演变为更加注重对使用价值较高的专门化知识运用的组织。本文提出,组织知识的分化必然导致组织结构形式的重新设计,知识经济时代的组织理论是一个基于知识配置的组织理论。本文提出了一个分类框架,用以解释知识配置和组织结构形式如何交互作用,从而形成各种不同的组织模式。     

高阶层员工更加认可组织公正吗？内归因倾向的中介作用及其边界条件

基于社会认知理论,利用312份企业员工有效问卷数据,探讨了社会阶层对员工组织公正感的影响效果和机制。结果显示：社会阶层与员工的组织公正感呈显著正相关；内归因倾向在社会阶层与组织公正感关系中起中介作用；相对剥夺感在社会阶层通过内归因倾向影响组织公正感的间接效应中起调节作用,对于相对剥夺感低的员工,社会阶层通过内归因倾向的认知路径影响其组织公正感。     

Predictors of organizational commitment in India: strategic HR roles,organizational learning capability and psychological empowerment

Employee commitment continues to be one of the most exciting issues for both practitioners and academicians. Linkages in literature are found for HRM Practices, but there is a lacuna of research linking organizational commitment and strategic HR roles, psychological empowerment as well as organizational learning capability. The current study examines these linkages. Whether these variables predict organizational commitment in Indian managers or not, is also investigated. The sample size of the study comprises of 640 Indian managers. Bivariate and multivariate analysis confirms the hypotheses drawn from the literature. The paper discusses the theoretical and practical implications of the findings.     

The interplay between organizational and national cultures: a comparison of organizational practices in Canada and South Korea using the Competing Values Framework

This paper examines the concept of organizational culture using the Competing Values Framework (CVF) in organizations from six different industries in Canada and South Korea. The Competing Values Framework (Quinn and Rohrbaugh, 1983; Quinn, 1988) is used to compare organizational cultures of similar firms and their HRM in the two countries. The data reported are from thirty-nine Canadian and forty Korean organizations. The findings show that, even though some aspects of organizational culture are related and can be attributed to the differences between the national cultures (Korean versus Canada), industry and contextual variables do contribute to a significant extent to the perception of organizational culture. In addition, the analysis reported here shows that other organizational aspects that are closely related to organizational culture (organizational climate and leadership) have significant associations with national cultures as well as industry and contextual factors. The aspects of organizational context under study included size, age and ownership of the firms, uncertainty and unpredictability of the environment, organizational support for training and unionization. Implications of the study for cross-national research, and for the use of competing Values Framework are discussed.