Transitions to low carbon transport futures: strategic conversations from London and Delhi

Climate change is a global problem and across the world there are major difficulties being experienced in reducing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. The transport sector in particular is finding it difficult to reduce CO₂ emissions. This paper reports on two studies carried out by the authors in London (UK) and Delhi (India). It considers the common objectives for transport CO₂ reduction, but the very different contexts and baselines, potentials for change, and some possible synergies.Different packages of measures are selected and scenarios developed for each context which are consistent with contraction and convergence objectives. CO₂ reduction potentials are modelled and quantified by package and scenario. London is considering deep reductions on current transport CO₂ emission levels; Delhi is seeking to break the huge projected rise in transport CO₂ emissions.The scale of policy intervention required to achieve these goals is huge and there is certainly little public discussion of the magnitude of the changes required. The paper argues for a ‘strategic conversation’ at the city level, using scenario analysis, to discuss the priorities for intervention in delivering low carbon transport futures. A greater focus is required in developing participatory approaches to decision making, alongside network investments, urban planning, low emission vehicles and wider initiatives. Aspirations towards equitable target emissions may assist in setting sufficiently demanding targets. Only then is a wider awareness and ownership of potential carbon efficient transport futures likely to take place.     

增长极理论与区域旅游规划——以渭南市为例

增长极理论是关于区域经济增长的理论模型,它提供了一个关于区域空间结构形成和演变的解释模型。在区域旅游规划中运用增长极理论能够为规划专家从事旅游规划工作提供理论工具。文章从增长极理论入手,讨论了增长极理论在旅游规划中的应用价值以及旅游空间结构的形成和演变;在此基础上,分别从陕西省和渭南市两个层面上对渭南市旅游业发展的空间结构进行了规划。     

Measuring transit oriented development: a spatial multi criteria assessment approach for the City Region Arnhem and Nijmegen

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is a planning approach that can stimulate sustainable development by encouraging better land use and transport integration. Arnhem Nijmegen City Region, a regional planning body, in the Netherlands, aims to promote sustainable development in their region and control the current pattern of increased use of cars vis-à-vis transit for longer commutes. Planning for TOD can help achieve this aim. It is believed that measuring the existing levels of TOD is a prerequisite for TOD planning and that it can be done using a TOD Index proposed in this research. A TOD Index measures multiple spatial indicators and aggregates them under the SMCA framework to arrive at a comprehensive value depicting the existing levels of TOD at a location or an area. Using this TOD Index, TOD levels were measured over the entire City Region covering approx. 1000 km². High levels of TOD imply that the urban development’s characteristics, at that location, are ripe for use of transit and these high levels, as expected, were found in the urban areas of Arnhem and Nijmegen. From the results of TOD Index measurement, using hot-spot analysis, those locations were identified that have high TOD levels but poor transit connectivity. These locations are accordingly recommended for better transit connectivity. As a part of our future work, it is intended to use the TOD Index to elevate TOD levels around existing transit nodes.     

关于农民工的社会保障问题

近年来农民工的社会保障问题却一直无人问津。这不仅严重地阻碍了我国工业化、城市化的进程,而且也给社会的不稳定埋下了诸多隐患。因此,建立面向农民工的社会保障制已势在必行。     

提升居民消费水平的营销对策研究——来自河南省安阳市的调查

扩大消费需求已成为我国优化经济增长模式、改善民生以及构建和谐社会的紧要任务。面对当前居民消费结构的不断升级,企业的营销决策应如何调整?以河南安阳为例,通过辩证、系统地研究当地居民消费特征和扩大居民消费的障碍因素,从而为企业的营销决策提供科学依据。     

资源型城市的转型发展选择——以辽宁大石桥为例

本文以辽宁大石桥为例,通过综合分析城市的产业和经济发展特点,对城市发展阶段进行了基本判定,并结合城市的综合发展条件,提出了大石桥经济转型的模式和基本路径,指出大石桥应当充分把握机遇,在当前的城市繁荣期尽快通过多元化的转型模式实现城市转型.     

基于社区参与的海口市旅游业循环经济发展

旅游业在海口市国民经济中具有重要贡献,循环经济对于海口市这样一个既需要促进经济高速增长而资源又相对稀缺的海岛型城市的发展具有重要的指导意义。海口市旅游业循环经济建设不能只是市场和国家的结合,必须是包括社区在内的三个组织的结合。     

关于加强城市商业银行战略重组的探讨

随着银行业竞争的加剧,加强城市商业银行的战略重组具有现实的必要性。为化解重组中的难点,城市商业银行应从战略全局出发协调各方利益冲突,坚持政府主导与市场引导相结合的原则适时推进城市商业银行的战略重组。     

Tourism spatial reconstruction of Chengde City under the influence of Holiday Tourism Circle of Beijing

Holiday Tourism Circle of Beijing （HTCB） is one of the nine key regions of Chinese tourism industry in the period of the 11^th Five-Year Project. According to Tourist Marginal Utility Theory, Time-Distance Method is used to define HTCB in this paper. Chengde City, famous for its cultural tourism, is regard as one of the regions in Holiday Tourism Circle of Beijing. And this geographical advantage, in the context of the boom of tourism in China, is featured by the changes of tourist product structure and development model. In this paper, the influence upon Chengde tourism spatial structure has been discussed from tourist market, location and transportation. Chengde tourism spatial structure has been rebuilt with particular references to the factors of tourism destination district, tourist area, nodes, routes, and origin markets. In this paper, Chengde will develop tourism industry with the central heritage area as the center and northern forest and pasture area and southern mountain and lake area as the two wings.     

城市公用事业公共定价与绩效管理

城市公用事业改革是当前我国经济体制改革的重点和难点。其改革不仅涉及到经营及运作模式的转变,也涉及到管理体制的转型。就各国公用事业管理的方法及经验来看,价格监管是其最重要的监管方式和手段之一。本文主要从公共管理的视角出发,借鉴和运用绩效管理的理论和方法,以公共定价为切入点,分析了我国城市公用事业的特征及现行定价机制中存在的问题,就如何完善我国城市公用事业公共定价机制提出了几点政策建议。