岩溶地区的水土流失及治理

滇、黔、桂的岩溶是我国最集中的分布区域。该地区的水土流失，不仅使农业生态环境迅速恶化，而且制约着农村经济的发展。本文就该地区水土流失的现状、危害，对其成因及治理对策作了探讨。     

我国农村饮用水安全现状、问题及政府管制

农村饮用水安全是关系农村居民生活质量和生命安全的大问题。农村饮用水安全具有公共性,需要政府进行管理。我国农村饮用水安全问题主要体现在水质差、水量不足、取水不便、不能保证供给等方面。为此,需要政府投入和民间筹资多方支持,同时政府应加大宣传力度,加强农村配套设施建设,以消除农村饮用水存在的安全问题和隐患。     

喀斯特峡谷区民族心理意识的模糊综合评价--以贵州花江峡谷地区为例

采用实地抽样调查数据,从地理学、心理学、行为科学的角度,运用模糊数学上的综合评价方法,将喀斯特环境与贵州西南花江喀斯特峡谷地区当地居民的心理意识及行为作为一个相互作用的系统来认识人地相互关系,将喀斯特石山区生态环境、社会经济条件的特殊性与心理意识相结合并进行数理分析、相关对比和模糊综合评价的整体性进行综合定性与定量研究,从人的数量,更重要的是从人的质量(素质)和行为效应与预测的角度,揭示了喀斯特地区民族心理意识与人地关系的基本特征。     

Theory Analysis of Model for Price Fluctuations in a Single Commodity Market

The price model for a single commodity market is a very important economic model that describes the basic rules for price fluctuations in a single commodity market. In this paper, we investigated the general case for the model, and proved that every positive solution is bounded and we obtained a necessary and sufficient condition for oscillation of every positive solution concerning positive state solution.     

Asymptotic confidence bands for the estimated autocovariance and autocorrelation functions of vector autoregressive models

This paper provides closed-form formulae for computing the asymptotic covariance matrices of the estimated autocovariance and autocorrelation functions of stable VAR models by means of the delta method. These covariance matrices can be used to construct asymptotic confidence bands for the estimated autocovariance and autocorrelation functions to assess the underlying estimation uncertainty. The usefulness of the formulae for empirical work is illustrated by an application to inflation and output gap data for the U.S. economy indicating the existence of a significant short-run Phillips-curve tradeoff.First version received: November 2002/Final version received: September 2003     

Do Institutions Cause Growth?

We revisit the debate over whether political institutions cause economic growth, or whether, alternatively, growth and human capital accumulation lead to institutional improvement. We find that most indicators of institutional quality used to establish the proposition that institutions cause growth are constructed to be conceptually unsuitable for that purpose. We also find that some of the instrumental variable techniques used in the literature are flawed. Basic OLS results, as well as a variety of additional evidence, suggest that (a) human capital is a more basic source of growth than are the institutions, (b) poor countries get out of poverty through good policies, often pursued by dictators, and (c) subsequently improve their political institutions.     

长江流域资源环境与可持续发展研究

把可持续发展建立在资源可持续利用和生态环境良好的基础上,已成为世人的共识。文章概述了长江流域的资源环境状况,揭示了长江流域面临的严重资源环境问题：人地矛盾日益尖锐;水土流失严重;湿地萎缩加剧;自然灾害频繁;水污染加重。提出了促进可持续发展的资源环境对策,包括：贯彻计划生育基本国策,减缓人口对环境的压力;植树造林,构筑“绿色屏障”;调整产业结构和布局,建立资源节约型国民经济体系;发展资源产业,增强产业的基础地位;建立综合协调的资源环境管理体系;提高公众环境意识,树立生态道德观。     

论以粮换林换草与河西地区的可持续发展--以武威地区为例

分析了武威地区可持续发展的主要生态环境问题,讨论了生态恢复与重建面临的困境,论证了以粮换林换草对促进区域可持续发展的必要性和有效性,指出了以粮换林换草中应进一步研究的问题,提出生态重建要坚持多措施并举。     

云南长防林体系建设中几个问题的探讨

本文就云南省长防林体系建设中存在的认识问题,指导思想、政策、资金投入及有关技术问题,进行分析。提出相应的对策和意见。     

西部地区传统产业集群整合途径研究——以成都市家具产业集群为例

产业集群对西部地区缩小区域差距,进行技术创新,提高区域竞争力等方面具有重要意义。本文通过对产业集群理论的基本论述,以成都市家具产业集群为例,寻求西部地区传统产业集群整合途径。