试论稳定工作在开放式公园管理中的重要作用

城市公园是市民游乐、休闲、健身的重要场所,也是极易引发不稳定因素的敏感部位。特别是随着社会的进步,政府各项便民措施的出台,大部分城市公园都在陆续实行开放式管理。这一变化,无疑将给公园管理带来更大的难度。同时,也给稳定工作带来了新的课题,稳定工作在城市公园开放式管理中很关键。所以,只有将其切实纳入工作议程,加强组织领导,才能保证其落到实处,为城市公园开放式管理的有序顺畅、和谐自然提供可靠的保障。     

An interactional perspective on perceived empowerment: the role of personal needs and task context

This study examines the influence of individual needs and task characteristics on a multifaceted definition of perceived empowerment using an interactional perspective. Respondents were Hong Kong Chinese employees and most of them lower-level or nonmanagerial level workers in business organizations. We used regression analyses to test a number of hypotheses informed by social psychology theories. The significant findings indicate that perceived empowerment is predicted by individual characteristics (need for achievement, need for power), task situations (receipt of task feedback, competency-based reward system, participation in goal setting) and their interactions. Limitations of the study and implications for future research are discussed.     

工作记忆训练:研究现状及发展前景

工作记忆能够预测个体在认知加工任务中的表现,工作记忆容量具有相对稳定的特征,但近年来研究表明工作记忆容量可以通过训练得到改进。工作记忆训练直接影响额叶皮层、颅顶部皮层等大脑皮层活动以及中枢系统多巴胺受体浓度。工作记忆训练效应可以对未经过训练的工作记忆任务产生迁移,与工作记忆相关的神经网络亦能通过训练获得发展。工作记忆训练可以帮助个体减小因低工作记忆容量对学业成就、日常生活带来的影响。     

Estimating the export and import demand for manufactured goods: The role of FDI

In this paper we estimate the demand for exports and imports of manufactured goods for a panel containing the majority of the EU countries as well as the United States and Japan. The model includes as explanatory factors both the traditional determinants of trade and also the stock of foreign direct investment (FDI). We apply panel unit root and cointegration tests allowing for heterogeneity. Whereas there is no evidence of cointegration when using just the traditional formulation, the results are favorable to the existence of long-run relationships linking the variables of the augmented model. Moreover, the results point mainly to a complementary relationship between trade and FDI.     

Forecasting another’s enjoyment versus giving the right answer: Trust, shared values, task effects, and confidence in improving the acceptance of advice

In two experiments, participants received advice from another participant on a task either with a correct answer (intellective tasks) or without a correct answer (judgmental task), in which the participant had to make a forecast. In both experiments, the level of trust in the advisor and a perception of the advisor having similar values were important predictors of the acceptance of advice for a judgmental, taste forecast task, whereas advisor confidence was a more important predictor of the acceptance of advice on the intellective task. In Experiment 2, the face-to-face interactions between the decision-maker and the advisor were videotaped and coded. Advisors provided more information to decision-makers for the taste forecast than for the intellective task. Further, whether the advisor provided information to supplement their recommendation or not was a significant predictor of the acceptance of advice on the taste forecast, but not on the intellective task. The results are discussed in the context of previous research on advice, which has predominately used intellective tasks.     

浅谈任务型教学模式及其任务设计

山区初中的英语教学陷于"费时较多,收效极低"的困境,本文简要介绍了任务型教学的基本模式、基本步骤、任务设计,以解决学生学习英语真正困难的根源,促初中英语教学走出困境。     

任务教学法中的任务和学习策略探析

任务是任务教学法中一个关键的概念,也是实施该教学法时的一个必须特别关注的要素。本文对此法在实施中与任务有关的因素和学习者的学习策略进行了分析、探讨,以使任务教学法在实施中取得更好的效果。     

“项目驱动”教学法在“数据库原理与应用”中的应用

本文针对软件技术专业"数据库原理"教学过程中存在的一些问题,提出了"项目驱动"教学法,并以"项目驱动"为原则给出了相应的教学任务。     

邓小平对解决社会基本矛盾的重大贡献

社会主义社会基本矛盾是社会主义建设中的一个重要问题。邓小平在社会主义社会基本矛盾的具体表现形式、解决的中心环节与途径、解决的方式等方面作出了重大贡献。     

Coping with sales call anxiety: The role of sale perseverance and task concentration strategies

The authors study how salespeople cope with social anxiety during customer contacts and find that two tactics, sale perseverance and task concentration, ultimately reduce dysfunctional protective actions. Both coping tactics, however, are differentially moderated by strength of felt physiological sensations and strength of negative expectations and thoughts. Salespeople experiencing anxiety cognitions should distract themselves by concentrating on their task to free up their thinking in relation to the task at hand. Engaging in behaviors to modify the situation by persevering on the sale, on the other hand, occupies action space and should be the coping strategy of choice for those salespeople confronting physiological sensations in relation to felt anxiety. Hypotheses are tested on a sample of 171 salespersons. Frank Belschak (f.d.belschak@uva.nl) is an assistant professor of marketing and organizational behavior in the Business School at the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. He received his PhD from the University of Cologne in Germany. His current research interests include personal selling, emotions, and emotion regulation in organizations and across cultures. Willem Verbeke (verbeke@few.eur.nl) is a chaired professor of sales and account management at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He received his PhD from the University of Pennsylvania. His area of research interests includes personal selling, sales management, emotions and emotion regulation, and knowledge management. Richard P. Bagozzi (bagozzi@umich.edu) is a professor of marketing in the Ross School of Business and a professor of social and administrative sciences in the College of Pharmacy at the University of Michigan. He received his PhD from Northwestern University. He conducts research on human emotions, the theory of action, goal setting and goal striving, and structural equation methods.