WHY DO LARGE FIRMS TEND TO INTEGRATE VERTICALLY?

We provide a theoretical framework to discuss the relation between firm size and vertical structures. The framework is based on a Hotelling model with three downstream and three upstream firms. We show that vertical integration enhances the degree of product differentiation and show the strategic complementarity of product positioning. We also show that the downstream firm that has the largest market share is more likely to integrate vertically. Enhancing the degree of product differentiation is more beneficial for the large firm than for the rest of the downstream firms because the large firm supplies a large amount of product.     

基于运输负荷和稳定性的废弃物回收服务选址评价

废弃物回收中介在绿色经济和循环经济的落实和推进中,起着重要的促进作用,而回收服务选址问题则是研究废弃服务中介运行机制和实践模式的基础。以两点间最短距离的矩阵算法为基础,结合废弃物的运输负荷、运输稳定性,构建了工业区废弃物回收服务选址评价模型,并将该模型应用到某石化工业区渣油回收服务选址的案例中。结果表明,运输稳定度对服务选址的影响较大,并可将更多的衡量指标纳入评价模型中。     

运用电子游戏培养儿童自然观察智能的选择策略研究

本文拟从电子游戏系统结构入手,以多元智能理论为指导,分析电子游戏中的自然观察智能因素,并对电子游戏中的自然观察智能进行分类,探讨培养自然观察智能的电子游戏选择模型,并通过实验得以验证。为采用电子游戏提高自然观察智能的相关研究提供参考。     

Refinements and incentive efficiency in Walrasian models of insurance economies

The literature on Walrasian markets in large economies with adverse selection has used various equilibrium refinements, but has obtained no general incentive efficiency of equilibrium, namely when cross-subsidies are needed for efficiency. We show that the same refined equilibria may also be incentive inefficient even when general mechanisms that allow for such cross-subsidies are priced and can be traded. In the process, we also prove existence of some type of forward induction equilibria in this context.     

Location strategies for agglomeration economies

Because agglomeration economies may create competitive advantage and each location has a unique array of agglomeration economies, where should firms locate? We combine fundamental economic and strategy concepts to: (1) determine when firms must locate proximately to access factor pools; (2) show that factor pools controlled by fewer firms are less useful to new entrants; and (3) demonstrate that certain firms risk aiding competitors when contributing to efficient factor pools. We find support for our predictions with a test on new U.S. manufacturing entrants from 1985 to 1994, using an empirical specification that separates agglomeration levels from agglomeration economies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种单向穿孔定位夹紧装置在车身制造中的应用

文章通过深入分析车身前轮罩专用焊接夹具的技术状态，结合具体的汽车车身焊接夹具设计，介绍运用商用UG软件设计一种双四连杆式单向穿孔定位夹紧装置的实用方法。     

绩效审计过程中的目标选择与实现

本文以审计署开展的某农业发展项目的绩效审计为例,总结了绩效审计目标选择和实现中应注意的事项与容易产生的误区,认为绩效审计目标选择的宗旨是确定最大梗阻纠正率的问题,提出了审计人员在绩效审计中应从战略角度出发,以效率性目标为主线,用管理思维收集数据等建议。     

高职院校数学教学现状分析及对策研究

在对六所高职院校的数学课程教学现状进行实地调查的基础上,从师资、数学观、数学兴趣以及教材建设等方面描述了高职院校数学课程教学的现状,探寻了数学课程教学中存在的问题与不足,分析了其原因,并有针对性地提出了解决有关问题以促进教学水平提高的办法.     

跨国并购区位评价变量甄选及其体系构建

影响跨国并购的区位选择因素分为三大类,一是政策因素,二是市场因素,三是成本因素;在此基础上,构建跨国并购区位选择的体系,并对评价体系的评分标准进行了具体分析;最后对建立的体系进行了评价,指出其不足和改进方案。