MATCHING SUBSIDIES AND VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS: A REVIEW

This paper provides a synthesis of the experimental literature on matching subsidies in the context of charitable giving. We classify results according to four different outcome variables frequently considered in the literature and address (i) short‐term effects of linear matching, (ii) the role of the matching rate, (iii) context‐dependence of behavioural responses, (iv) the relevance of the price of giving, (v) long‐term effects and (vi) nonlinear matching schemes. Based on this comprehensive review, we highlight several avenues for future research, such as putting stronger emphasis on competition in fundraising, long‐term effects or heterogeneity in responses.     

Digital technologies,knowledge spillovers,innovation policies,and economic growth in a creative region

We theoretically study the impact of two innovation policies on economic growth in a region that is creative in the sense of Richard Florida and that uses digital technologies to produce a final consumption good. The use of these digital technologies in our creative region gives rise to incomplete knowledge spillovers. Our analysis generates three salient findings. First, we characterize the balanced growth path (BGP) equilibrium. Second, we solve the social planner's problem, describe the Pareto optimal allocation of resources, and then compare the Pareto optimal allocation with the BGP equilibrium allocation. Finally, we study the impacts that a research subsidy and a particular patent policy have on economic growth in our creative region and then we relate our findings to the incompleteness of the above-mentioned knowledge spillovers.     

The U.S. Department of Commerce’s approach to targeted dumping: the wrong test and the wrong response

The U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) defines targeted dumping as a pattern of significant differences in the prices that importers charge in the U.S. to different purchasers, in different regions, or during different periods. If DOC finds targeted dumping, then it calculates the average dumping margin using zeroing, a practice that increases the calculated dumping duty. This article shows that DOC is using an inappropriate statistical test in targeted dumping investigations. The article also shows that a finding of targeted dumping does not justify the use of zeroing, an inherently flawed methodology that DOC has discarded in cases without targeted dumping.     

政府补贴是否提升了粮食流通效率？——基于企业层面微观数据的验证

在粮食行业供给侧结构性改革过程中,政府补贴作为支持和引导粮食行业转型发展的直接手段,对于粮食企业转变发展方式、提高经营效率具有重要作用。文章利用我国粮食企业上市公司数据,考察了政府补贴对粮食企业流通效率的影响。实证研究发现：政府补贴有助于提升粮食企业流通效率;异质性检验表明,政府补贴对粮食企业流通效率的促进效应在非国有粮食企业以及粮食主产区和主销区表现更为明显,同时新一轮粮食流通改革强化了政府补贴的激励效应。面板门限回归结果显示,在市场化发展处于高水平、一般水平和低水平阶段时,政府补贴对粮食企业流通效率均会产生正向影响,但影响程度存在差异,处于高水平阶段时最大,处于一般水平阶段时次之,处于低水平阶段时最小。因此,现实中应该重视政府补贴的有效激励效用,以最大化政府补贴对于粮食企业流通效率的贡献;应充分考虑不同地区的市场化发展水平,以及针对企业性质和地区异质性,实施差异化的补贴方式,以最大化政府补贴的政策效果。     

战略性贸易产业R&D补贴的实施策略研究——事前补贴与事后补贴之比较

我国在世贸组织规制下对战略性贸易产业实施保护面临选用什么样的政策保护工具及如何实施的问题?R&D补贴因其具有非专项性和非贸易扭曲性而成为符合世贸组织规制的贸易保护工具。本文利用博弈模型和数据模拟法对R&D补贴的两种实施策略进行了比较,发现事后R&D补贴策略能够产生更大的福利效果,更加有利于节约资源和避免寻租,是优于事前R&D补贴的实施策略,具有更强的现实可行性,值得我国政府采纳。     

政府补贴与企业技术创新：文献综述

政府在技术创新资源配置过程中扮演的角色不可替代。政府补贴能够激励技术创新,但政府补贴与企业技术创新投入、产出及溢出之间的关系并没有获得一致的结论。对政府补贴与企业技术创新的相关研究进行梳理、归纳和述评,并提出后续研究的方向。     

高校贫困生资助政策执行中的公平性问题分析

为保证高校贫困生顺利完成学业,国家出台了对高校贫困学生的资助政策,但目前资助政策执行中出现了不公平现象,突出体现在资助机会、资助过程、资助结果等方面。导致这种不公平现象产生的原因主要有认定制度不完善、认定标准难统一、资助资源短缺、资助后管理困难、贫困生的心理问题得不到重视等。为解决这一问题,我们应该构建宏观资助体系政策,完善贫困生资助法规,建立高校贫困生的档案制度,增加高校的勤工助学岗位,建立贫困生资助反馈制度。     

Gerschenkron Revisited: The New Corporate Russia

Our analysis is based on firm-specific data compiled from the Russian Trading System stock exchange and SKRIN (CKPиH in Russian) database. We seek to identify the factors behind Russia’s dramatically improved corporate sector performance from the beginning of the 2000s to December 2007. We argue that improved long-term corporate performance was a consequence of several policy initiatives associated with the state-dominated banking sector, which enabled statesubsidized investment funds to be channeled from a structurally reengineered energy sector to targeted investment projects located in other industries. We claim that Russia’s industrial strategy closely conforms to Alexander Gerschenkron’s catch-up theory.     

农业补贴分析

本文在农业经济增长模型下,讨论了农业补贴在农业经济增长中的作用,揭示了农业补贴之所以不能带来农业经济长期增长的原因.为正确认识农业补贴的作用提供了坚实的理论依据.