China feels the heat: negative impacts of high temperatures on China's rice sector

We analysed a county‐level data set of single‐season rice yield and daily weather outcomes in China to examine the effects of temperature on China's rice sector. We found that rice yield exhibited highly nonlinear responses to temperature changes: rice yield increased with temperature up to 28°C and decreased sharply with higher temperatures. Holding current growing seasons and regions constant, average rice yield in China is projected to decrease by 10–19 per cent by 2050 and 11–33 per cent by 2070 due to future warming under the global climate models HadGEM2‐ES and NorESM1‐M. These results imply that future warming poses a major challenge for Chinese rice farmers and that the effectiveness of adaptations will depend on how well they reduce the negative temperature impacts on rice yield because of very hot days.     

天然气输送离心式压缩机组故障诊断方法研究

文章介绍了天然气输送离心式压缩机组的常见故障,分析了故障原因及特征,进而对其故障诊断技术现状进行了总结和比较,在此基础上针对输气动力设备故障的复杂性提出了应用数据挖掘技术对离心式压缩机组进行故障诊断的初步设想。     

基于指数平滑法的组合模型对住房需求量的预测研究

以哈尔滨市2000—2015年的城市人均住房使用面积和总人口数为基础，分别对总人口数建立三次指数平滑法模型，对人均住房使用面积建立二次指数平滑法模型，预测出哈尔滨市未来五年总人口数和人均住房使用面积，将总人口数和人均住房使用面积的预测结果代入M-W优化后的预测模型，更加精准的预测出了哈尔滨市未来五年的住房需求量，并对此提出对策和建议。     

法定计量单位的基本使用方法

我国国家标准GB3100-93《国际单位制及其应用》和GB3101-93《有关量、单位和符号的一般原则》,对SI单位的使用方法作了规定,并与国际标准ISO1000:1992和ISO31-0:1992的规定一致。现简述法定计量单位的基本使用方法。     

Changes of Thai economy since 19701 1

Within the last 30 years, the number of Thai population increased from 35 million to 62 million, the general price level went up 6 times, and Thai currency baht devaluated 2.2 times against the dollar. The industrial production increased 36 times nominally. The biggest industry of Thailand changed from agriculture to manufacture, and the total value of exports jumped by 192 times and that of imports grew by 95 times. Thai current account balance had recorded a deficit every year from 1970 to 1996. During the same period of time, however, the capital account balance had shown surplus. The inflow of foreign capital was the only stronghold of Thai economy at that time. In 1997, Thailand suddenly experienced a total change of its external environment From then on, Thai current account shifted from a deficit to a surplus and Thai capital account turned from a surplus to a deficit. The conclusion of this paper indicates that the future of Thai economy is heavily dependent on whether the amount of surplus in Thai current account could surpass the deficit in Thai capital account     

The Nexus between IT Investment and Banking Performance in Korea

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the implications of ‘Asian Value (AV)’ discourse upon the future of ASEM. The contention here is that such discourse within ASEM is contributing to the construction of a still unidentified Asian region. Moreover, AV discourse has been initiated by individual Asian leaders in order to enhance Asia's bargaining position vis‐à‐vis Europe, emphasizing the cultural differences between the two regions.     

以工作过程为导向的“国际商务结算”课程开发

＂国际商务结算＂以工作过程为导向,从实际工作岗位中提炼出工作任务,并以此为依据设置学习单元,在教学中采用＂资讯、决策、计划、实施、检查、评价＂六步法进行实施。本课程开发的目标是明确学生的岗位职责与学习目的,全面提高学生的职业素质与岗位适应能力。     

Gaps in the IFRS Conceptual Framework

Abstract

The stated purpose of the IFRS Conceptual Framework is to assist the IASB to develop Standards that are based on consistent concepts, and also to assist preparers to develop consistent accounting policies when Standards either do not apply or allow a choice of accounting policy. Yet, the Framework actually does surprisingly little to help the IASB (or preparers) determine which assets, liabilities, income and expenses should be recognised, and how they should be measured. The Framework’s focus on assets and liabilities implies that the accounting can, and should, be determined from the balance sheet. Yet, many current financial reporting requirements focus initially on the income statement, and so they are not so much derived from the Framework as instead in need of being reconciled back to it. At its heart, the problem here is that, while the Framework states that accrual accounting provides a better basis for assessing past and future performance than cash-based information, it does not explain why. To do so would require a conceptualisation of how entities’ business models are employed to create value, and of the strengths and limitations of accounting data in enhancing investors’ understanding of that value-creation. The lack of explanation of the purpose and informational objectives of accruals, how they relate to business models and how they cause the income statement and the balance sheet to interact are gaps in the Framework. Filling those gaps would provide a more robust, and natural, way for the IASB to develop recognition and measurement requirements in its Standards.     

A revisit on real interest rate parity hypothesis – simulation evidence from efficient unit root tests

A set of unit root tests are applied to test the existence of long-run real interest rate parity among the G-10 countries over the period 1971M1 to 2007M2. Rather than trusting the asymptotic distributions, this article uses simulation techniques to establish the small sample distributions of these tests, conditional on the stationary and nonstationary processes. The empirical results indicate that the tests have stable finite-sample sizes and higher size-adjusted powers such that the two estimated processes can be distinguished from each other. Thus, for six of the nine countries, their series are more likely to come from the estimated Autoregressive (AR) stationary process than from the nonstationary process. Noticeably, the testing results are rather different from those using the asymptotic distributions, in which only three countries support the real interest rate parity.     

Testing for weak-form efficiency of crude palm oil spot and future markets: new evidence from a GARCH unit root test with multiple structural breaks

There is a sizeable literature that tests for weak-form efficiency in commodity and energy spot and future prices. While many studies now allow for multiple structural breaks to address the criticism that conventional unit root tests have low power to reject the unit root null in the presence of structural change, the extant literature overlooks the fact that conventional unit root tests are biased in the presence of conditional heteroscedasticity. We apply a recently developed generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) unit root test with multiple structural breaks to crude palm oil spot and future prices and find much more evidence against weak-form efficiency than that found using tests that fail to allow for conditional heteroscedasticity. Our results point to the importance of allowing for heteroscedasticity when testing for efficiency in commodity and energy spot and future prices.