When culture meets digital platforms: value creation and stakeholders’ alignment in big data use

Research on big data has highlighted that a crucial element to create value from data is the capability of aligning different stakeholders’ interests. However, it has not yet been investigated empirically how this process of alignment can be realized. We conduct a multiple case study on the two leading platforms involved in the online dissemination of cultural heritage – Europeana and Google Arts & Culture. Our findings reveal that a platform overtakes a rival one when it turns on multiple drivers of value creation in such a way that the drivers contribute to realigning the interests expressed by the stakeholders whose strategic objectives and beliefs were formerly divergent – or simply unrelated – to each other. This capability of realigning different stakeholders’ interests is independent of the level of industry-specific knowledge that the platform orchestrator has. The dynamics we document imply that Google has assumed a system integration role in the cultural ecosystem. This generates new trade-offs for museums in the way they generate value for the tourism industry. The paper enriches our understanding of what strategies digital platforms adopt to create value in big data contexts and provides a base to continue the investigation on other ecosystems driven by big data.     

What counts as a reasonable extent? – a systems approach for understanding fire safety in Sweden

Swedish legislation requires that any owner or user of a building maintain a reasonable level of fire protection measures to ensure the safety of all people located in the building. If a building, in the wake of a fire, in court is determined not to have had a reasonable fire protection, the blame will likewise be assigned to the building owner or user. Using the perspective of risk governance, this study aims at analysing how regulation and stakeholders interact to maintain a specific level of fire protection in hotels. The focus is on identifying problems and frictions that have emerged from the complex relationships, and differences of interests, between the different stakeholders. Based on a stakeholder analysis, 11 respondents were selected for an interview study. The main problems identified in the analysis are that there are ambiguities for the individual hotel owner to know whether her or his fire protection measures are reasonable according to the law, that the system has emerged without clear political goals, problems related to the process of local supervision, that the ambiguous situation gives rise to opportunities of other stakeholders to claim the definition of what counts as a reasonable extent, and the ethical problems associated with convicting a single individual for failure in a complex multi-actor system.     

A comparison of the National Geographic Stewardship Scorecard Ratings by experts and stakeholders for selected World Heritage destinations

The National Geographic Society Center for Sustainable Destinations Stewardship Scorecards for 2003 and 2006 compared ratings by “experts” for 33 World Heritage Site destinations. Nine (27.3%) improved by four or more points and six (18.2%) decreased by four or more points in the three years. In 2006, local stakeholders rated these World Heritage destinations using the same criteria as the experts. Stakeholders rated six destinations (18.2%) lower and almost half of the 33 destinations (48.8%) increased by five or more points. A moderate positive correlation was determined between the ratings of the experts and stakeholders. Comments by experts and stakeholders related to each of the scorecard criterion measures were analyzed. ANOVA and t-test were performed to examine the six stakeholder categories ratings for each of the six criteria and the results are presented. The assumptions and limitations of the survey methodology are discussed along with recommendations for improving the Destination Stewardship Scorecard Survey.     

A Case Study of the Dual Labor Market Hypothesis

This paper is about corporations and the principles by which they are guided. The focus is on conceptualization of control issues, and changes in such conceptualizations over time. Among individuals who are in a position to affect the overall direction of corporations, there are broadly shared views of the overall orientation that should be adopted. Such “conceptions of control” are a response to important contingencies in the firm's institutional environment. In the United States the most broadly shared conception of control currently is a particularly narrow one, focusing on financial measures of performance. This has not always been the case: conceptions of control are subject to evolutionary change over time. The paper traces such changes, evaluates the current situation and its relation to shareholders, and speculates as to the possibility of a future change in a more socially conscious direction.     

Declive organizativo,fracaso y reestructuración organizacional en empresas colombianas

This document sets out the reaction to corporate restructuring undertaken by Bogota companies registered with the Superintendence of Companies of Colombia for the period 1995–2010, facing difficult economic times. Here, we used panel data methodology and literature review, finding that the companies in question run downsizing harmful procedures that shorten the periods of economic boom, and precipitate the closure of companies mainly large and medium sized, a fact that widens social gaps and reduces quality of life levels of the workforce in the Colombian capital.     

企业战略绩效测量指标的构建与运用

随着企业治理理论由委托代理理论向利益相关者理论演进,企业绩效测量也由传统性财务绩效测量逐步向基于利益相关者价值取向的战略性绩效测量发展。本文运用绩效棱柱模型从利益相关者满意、战略、流程、能力和利益相关者贡献五个内在相互匹配的维度为测量组织管理绩效提供一个全面系统的指标框架,最后进行了运用分析。     

Fake it ‘til you make it: Hazards of a cultural norm in entrepreneurship

Fake it ‘til you make it—that is, deceptively claiming a new endeavor exhibits characteristics of successful entrepreneurial ventures to gain support from others—has become an accepted practice in entrepreneurship. One overlooked hazard of this strategy is that entrepreneurs’ efforts to fake it can become a slippery slope in which the deception escalates to a point where stakeholders accuse entrepreneurs of committing fraud. We delineate that the responsible use of faking it in entrepreneurial endeavors rests on entrepreneurs’ full appreciation of the determinants that make turning fiction into fact less and not more difficult. Leveraging prior research to offer new insights, we outline these determinates as controllable vs. uncontrollable elements, sole vs. contingent entrepreneurial action, and limited vs. extensive stakeholder interactions. We also look at faking it examples Lordstown Motors and uBiome, two startups whose founders engaged in and escalated faking it to the point where stakeholders accused them of fraud.     

合资铁路公司的社会责任研究

本文通过总结我国合资铁路公司的社会责任履行情况,发现合资铁路公司的社会责任主要体现在建设发展责任、运输经营责任、安全生产责任、维护稳定责任、社会公益责任和环境保护责任这六大方面,而且各项责任相互关联,相互影响,共同服务于满足客货运输需求的核心目标。并指出合资铁路公司积极承担社会责任有助于树立良好的企业形象、提高声誉,为公司积累无形资产,有助于企业的可持续发展。     

嵌入性视角下会计师事务所发展战略初探

由于企业的会计师事务所选择活动具有社会嵌入性,因此企业和联结企业往往选择相同的会计师事务所。按照社会嵌入理论,会计师事务所可以充分利用客户企业对联结企业的信息影响和社会影响以及企业决策者的社会关系网络,采取利益相关者协同拉动型发展战略壮大事务所规模,培育可持续竞争优势。     

A new risk-based design approach for hydraulic engineering

Hydraulic structures providing flood and coastal protection facilitate economic development as well as living areas and often converge with other infrastructure. There is a need for general guidance for analysing risks of hydraulic structures. This paper analyses two actual hydraulic engineering projects in the UK in which acceptable risk levels are incorporated in the design using a new risk-based design approach, taking consciously into account the influence of stakeholders, the legal framework as set by the Government, design-elements from different design-disciplines and funding.