管理文化演进的规律性探究

管理文化是指人类在管理活动中共同创造、共同维持、共同发展的物质财富和精神财富的总和。它包括四个层次的内容:一是管理物质文化,二是管理制度文化,三是管理意识文化,四是管理心理文化。管理文化的演进是按照这四个层次由低到高依次循环进行的。现代管理文化近百年的演进历程可分为三个大的周期。     

论乡镇工业循环经济模式

乡镇工业为推动我国经济和社会发展做出了重大贡献。然而，由于其消耗高、排污多、防治污染能力较差，给环境和资源造成了很大的压力。传统的治理措施解决不了实质问题，实施循环经济才是一条既能减轻乡镇工业环境污染，又能促进乡镇工业发展的可持续之路。     

北京市中水回用问题浅析

北京市是一个严重缺水的城市,水资源短缺已成为制约北京市社会经济发展的主要因素。北京市已敲响了水危机的警钟,为了缓解缺水现状,中水回用被提上日程。本文从北京市资源短缺、经济发展和环境改善三个方面论述了北京中水回用的必要性,并对中水回用过程中存在的问题进行分析,指出了北京市政府必须解决的中水回用中存在的问题,并提出了多种解决方案。     

虚拟水、虚拟水贸易理论研究综述

相对于水价和用水技术能够提高水资源在当地的配置效率,虚拟水贸易则可以提高水资源在全球范围内的配置效率。虚拟水从水资源生产率较高的国家流向水资源较低的国家意味着在全球层次上水资源的节约。因此,国家之间、洲际之间虚拟水贸易被看作提高全球水资源利用效率和缺水国家获得水安全的一个有力工具。     

风险导向审计缺陷与现代模式的抉择

本文从风险导向审计的产生入手，比较、分析传统和现代风险导向审计，并通过分析传统风险导向审计缺陷指出现代风险导向审计的必要性，依据国际审计准则和审计风险模型分析现代风险导向审计的进步。     

浅谈铁路桥墩的大体积混凝土施工的温控技术

在大型桥梁施工中,大体积混凝土容易产生裂缝,将对工程质量产生重大安全隐患。论文全面总结了太阳冲大桥大体积混凝土施工中的温控计算、冷却水管布置和温度监控措施,对类似工程施工有一定的参考作用。     

对我国农村教育现状及发展的思考

农村教育是中国教育改革和发展的重点。20世纪90年代中期之后,随着财政体制与农村经济状况的变化,农村教育出现了形势严峻、困难重重的状况。因此,大力发展农村教育,把沉重的人口负担转变为人力资源的优势,不仅是教育发展的重要目标,也是影响现代化建设进程的战略性任务。     

Communication equilibrium payoffs in repeated games with imperfect monitoring

We characterize the set of communication equilibrium payoffs of any undiscounted repeated matrix-game with imperfect monitoring and complete information. For two-player games, a characterization is provided by Mertens, Sorin, and Zamir (Repeated games, Part A (1994) CORE DP 9420), mainly using Lehrer's (Math. Operations Res. (1992) 175) result for correlated equilibria. The main result of this paper is to extend this characterization to the n-player case. The proof of the characterization relies on an analogy with an auxiliary 2-player repeated game with incomplete information and imperfect monitoring. We use Kohlberg's (Int. J. Game Theory (1975) 7) result to construct explicitly a canonical communication device for each communication equilibrium payoff.     

Analysis and Forecast of the State of Environmental Protection in Russia

The main purpose of the present study is to analyse the emission dynamics of atmospheric and water pollutants in Russia and cost of their removal in the 1980s and early 1990s, and to forecast them by means of a Dynamic Input–Output Model according to different scenarios of future economic development till 1998. Main results of the work are:– methodological principles have been elaborated for singling out the environmental protection sector within the national economy;– a method has been offered for including the ecological block into a Dynamic Input–Output Model of the Russian economy;– a method of data preparation has been elaborated for the ecological block of the above-named model, the data base which characterizes the ecological situation in Russia has been formed and analysed;– calculations for 1994–1998 have been executed for forecasting the economic and ecological development of Russia using the above-mentioned model and the results obtained have been analysed. The results showed that if the existing tendencies towards low environmental protection capital costs remain the same, then the negative environmental impact will increase. In order to implement ecological programs and international agreements, to increase the proportion of removed pollutants, it is necessary to increase substantially expenditures on purifying water and air resources. The proportion of environmental protection investments in the total amount of the national economy capital costs should increase by up to 12–40% according to different scenarios of the economic development and different purposes of the environmental protection policy.     

循环经济模式和实施层面的再分析

循环经济是一种基于可持续发展理念基础上的新型经济发展模式,其本质是生态经济。它的运行模式就是经济系统的可持续发展模式。循环经济的实施层面有企业层面(微循环),区域层面(小循环)和社会层面(大循环)。本文在此基础上,提出了循环经济实施的第四个层面：废物处置与再生产业(超大循环),并提出应在这四个层面上形成更加完善的一体化循环经济社会体系。