企业家人力资本参与企业收益分配研究

随着“知识经济“时代的来临,人力资本在企业利润创造中的作用日益重要,企业家作为企企业中的异质型人力资本,其在企业中的作用尤为重要。目前我国普遍存在对人力资本尤其是企业家人力资本的轻视与低估,企业家人力资本在分享企业收益时其产权没有得到承认,“剩余索取权“被剥夺,企业家的激励不足。本文对我国现了行社会、经济条件下如何对企业家人力资本进行收益分配问题进行了研究。     

Human resource management in smaller firms: A contradiction in terms?

Human resource management came into popular parlance in the late 1970s. as a managerial approach aimed at re-ordering the employment relationship to ensure employee efforts were strategically focused on achieving organisational performance and competitiveness in increasingly volatile markets. Since then there has been much consideration of whether HRM is a robust academic concept supporting a particular managerialist ideology, a status enhancing label for people managers, or a practitioner tool kit. There has also been a consideration of how HRM is articulated in small and entrepreneurial firms. This paper suggests that the concept of HRM is, in most instances, uncertainly theorised and, therefore, how it, whatever ‘it’ is, might be identified in such firms is challenging. Unless HRM is theorised in context with more care, there is a danger of it remaining a ‘fuzzy concept’ encouraging abstract empiricism which, rather than clarifying our understanding, only further muddies already muddy waters. In pursuit of this argument, in this paper current debates about the notion of HRM are considered as is how these fit with what is known about the management of labour in small firms. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to question how appropriate it is to talk about HRM as an approach to managing labour in small firms.     

90后创业者职业价值观维度结构研究及量表开发

创新、创业已成为当前社会经济发展的热点问题,随着一大批90后加入创业大军,对90后创业者职业价值观开展研究具有重要意义。探讨了90后创业者职业价值观的维度结构,基于对109篇互联网报道内容的分析,构建了初始量表,对249位90后创业者进行问卷调查,利用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析进行修正并得出最终量表。结果表明,90后创业者职业价值观由社会责任感、兴趣导向、个性追求和自我实现4个维度构成。     

创业者元认知监控、失败学习与团队创业精神关系研究

创业者元认知监控是指创业者在不断获取认知活动进展信息的过程中,依据初始目标和环境、任务反馈对认知活动作出计划、调整的心理过程,包括认知检测和认知控制两部分。元认知监控能够帮助创业者及时捕捉和检测到创业失败,并根据创业任务和环境反馈信息调整决策,不断反思与总结创业失败的经验和教训,对创业失败学习效果以及后续团队创业精神的维持和强化具有积极影响作用。运用292家新企业创业者的调查问卷进行实证研究,结果表明创业者元认知监控对创业失败学习和团队创业精神具有显著正向影响,创业失败学习在创业者元认知监控与团队创业精神关系中起部分中介作用。     

影响科技型中小企业家成长的多维因素分析

以往关于企业家成长因素的研究主要集中在个体因素或外部环境,但事实上企业家成长是一个长期积淀的过程,并受到多重因素的影响。以235家安徽省科技型中小企业为样本,通过实证分析,探讨了科技型中小企业家成长过程中的影响因素。研究结果显示：科技型中小企业家成长的影响因素有6个,可以整合到同一分析框架下;绝大多数企业家受到5-6个因子的影响;影响科技型中小企业家成长的最显著因子是个体特质。     

企业家认知因素对技术创新行为及绩效影响的实证研究

从企业家理论出发,充分突出企业家的主导地位,探讨企业家认知因素对技术创新行为及绩效的影响,构建企业家技术创新行为关系模型。通过对企业家进行问卷调查,实证分析结论如下:企业家敏锐度与技术创新行为变量呈显著正相关,与技术创新绩效变量呈显著正相关;不确定容忍度及风险偏好与技术创新行为呈显著正相关;企业家私人关系网络与企业技术创新绩效显著正相关;但是,私人关系网络与技术创新行为、不确定容忍度及风险偏好与技术创新绩效之间不存在显著正相关。     

Deciding to export: An exploratory study of Singaporean entrepreneurs

This paper confirms a mapping between a taxonomy of entrepreneurs and what triggered Singaporeans to become exporters. The study involved interviews with 47 new exporters based in Singapore. Entrepreneurs were classified as either ‘opportunity seeking’ or ‘reactive’. Export triggers were either ‘pull’, negative ‘push’, or positive ‘push’. We find that those who were opportunity seeking at start-up were more likely to have responded to export ‘pull’ forces. It was rare indeed for a reactive founder to have been ‘pulled’ into exporting. Among this group of entrepreneurs, ‘push’ forces dominated the decision to export. The paper concludes with some implications for policy targeting and suggestions for further research.     

Having a creative day: Understanding entrepreneurs' daily idea generation through a recovery lens

Prior research has shown that trait creativity is important for becoming an entrepreneur and successful in business. We explore a new perspective by investigating how recovery from work stress influences entrepreneurs' daily idea generation, a key aspect of creativity. Physiological and mental recovery enables the cognitive processes of creative problem-solving. Moreover, differences in mental recovery processes help to explain age-related changes in entrepreneurs' creativity. Multilevel analyses based on 415 daily data from 62 entrepreneurs support our predictions. Our study introduces a new “state” perspective to understanding entrepreneurs' creativity, and highlights the critical role of recovery processes for idea generation.     

Information and the Production of Management in a Theory of the Firm

Abstract

I show that the three main contributions to the theory of the business of the last century – those of Cobb and Douglas (1928 Cobb, Charles W., and Paul H. Douglas. 1928. “A Theory of Production.” American Economic Review 18 (Supplement): 139–165. [Google Scholar]), Coase (1937 Coase, Ronald. 1937. “The Nature of the Firm.” Economica 4 (16): 386–405.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]), and Lucas (1978 Lucas Jr, Robert E. 1978. “On the Size Distribution of Business Firms.” Bell Journal of Economics 9 (3): 508–523.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) – are actually complementary and can be fitted into a general model of the firm size choice as the solution to a problem of optimal allocation of decision making in the economy. Decisions require information, and the availability and cost of information drives the optimization of firm size by the relevant decision makers - managers and entrepreneurs - pursuing the maximization of profits. Trends in firm size, and their reversals, are shown to depend on the aggregate information/output ratio.     

Determinants of control structure choice between entrepreneurs and investors in venture capital-backed startups

This study examines two kinds of control structures in venture capital-backed startups. Based on incomplete contracting theory, we analyze the influence of various factors on these control structures in venture capital models, from the perspectives of investors, entrepreneurs, and startups. In particular, we show how factors such as bargaining power, monitoring costs, private benefits, and risk aversion impact the allocation of control rights. Using the survey data on a heterogeneous group of venture capital-backed startups in China, we empirically examine the impacts of various factors on the control structures of these enterprises. Based on the full sample of enterprises, we find that the stronger the venture capitalist’s bargaining power and the higher the monitoring costs, the more likely investors and entrepreneurs are to prefer joint control. Further, the greater the entrepreneur’s financing need and private benefits, the more likely investors and entrepreneurs are to choose joint control. High-tech startups are more likely to choose a joint control model than those in traditional industries. This is especially true for high-tech startups at an early stage of development. In addition, for high-tech startups, the probability of choosing joint control shows a negative relationship with investors’ strategic benefits and a positive relationship with investors’ risk aversion. Regarding startups in traditional industries, investors’ strategic benefits and risk aversion have an insignificant impact on their control structures.