黑龙江省高职高专毕业生结构性就业问题的现状与对策

目前,全国高级应用人才短缺,但是黑龙江省高职高专毕业生就业率却很低,造成目前结构性就业问题的原因来自于政府、院校和受教育者个人三个层面,寻求对策必须从这三个源头入手。     

汇率冲击和行业就业调整

根据Campa和Goldberg的贸易结构理论,我们对国内15个行业就业和汇率间的关系进行了实证研究。结果发现大多数行业在汇率冲击后的反应和理论一致,即人民币升值会抑制其就业增长,而贬值有利于其就业扩张,尤其是对高开放度和劳动密集型行业影响显著。但由于其他行业就业汇率弹性并不显著,因此降低了整体就业汇率弹性的显著性。此外,由于我国各行业开放度高于美国,因此就业汇率弹性也较大。     

Dynamic employment adjustments over business cycles

This paper uses U.S. monthly industrial production employment data between 1964 and 2000 to examine the dynamic labor adjustments of production workers and nonproduction workers in both the short and long-run. The results from the short-run analysis show that the dynamic adjustment of production workers is consistent with business cycles. However, the adjustment of nonproduction workers is relatively fixed, lags behind the shocks over business cycle changes, and exhibits the quasi-fixed factor property. In the long-run, we found that nonproduction workers and production workers are cointegrated indicating that the two series are in long-run equilibrium.First version received: March 2002/Final version received: November 2003We would like to thank James McClure, participants in the Economics Department seminar series at Ball State University, and an anonymous referee for their comments and suggestions.     

从就业现状谈电子商务教学应注意的问题

上世纪末,电子商务席卷全球,掀起了学习电子商务的热潮.为了满足各个行业对电子商务人才的渴求,各高校纷纷开设电子商务专业,在一定程度上为电子商务领域的人才培养奠定了基础.但伴随着电子商务专业毕业生走向社会,问题也随之而来:本应成为时代宠儿的电子商务专业在人才市场屡遭冷落,就业率远低于大学生就业的平均水平.基于电子商务专业毕业生的就业现状,提出高校电子商务教学应注意的问题.     

Measuring the impact of work reorganization on firm performance: evidence from French manufacturing, 1995–1999

In this paper, we apply the method of selective matching to estimate the causal effect of organizational changes on employment, stock of capital, value added, and factor productivity. Derived from a panel of 2404 French manufacturing firms in 1997, our estimates show that work reorganization improves firm performance overall through a more efficient use of labor and capital, without requiring any increase in the factors of production.     

我国劳动分配比例的变动趋势与影响因素——基于中国省级面板数据的分析

本文分析了我国劳动分配比例的变动趋势与影响因素,并运用1996-2006年省级面板数据估计了一个计量模型,估计结果表明,我国劳动分配比例下降的根本原因是二元经济条件下的巨大就业压力、不断提高的劳均资本和人力资本、工会在保护劳动者权益方面的缺位.该结果对不同的模型设置和样本选择具有很强的稳健性.进一步的研究还发现就业压力和劳均资本对劳动分配比例的负面影响在低发展水平组更大.     

我国灵活就业的雇佣关系

在我国传统计划经济时期的安置就业退出历史舞台以后,灵活就业逐渐成为我国社会实现充分就业的主要渠道。与此相适应,就是灵活就业也给我们带来了多样化的雇佣关系。本文在两年多的专题调查研究基础上,分析了我国灵活就业劳动雇佣关系的现状特点,对灵活就业群体及其雇主做了分类,对雇佣关系引发的冲突问题作了归纳分析,对不同类型的灵活就业的雇佣关系提出了规范化管理的思路和对策建议。     

我国农村劳动力非农就业的特征和影响因素分析

农村劳动力非农就业问题一直是我国农村经济发展中的一个重要课题。我国农村劳动力过剩问题长期以来制约着农村经济的发展和农民收入的增长。本文主要分析了我国农村劳动力非农就业的主要特征,从宏观和微观的层面具体阐述了影响农村劳动力非农就业的主要影响因素。     

论政府在解决大学生就业矛盾中的作用

近年来,高校毕业生就业难的问题已引起社会的普遍关注。从政府职能部门的角度分析,在大学毕业生资源配置过程中,政府应该发挥公共权力机构的作用,构建有利于大学生就业的体制,调节好大学毕业生的供求,制定促进大学毕业生资源优化配置的政策,引导大学毕业生在国家期望的地区、行业实现最佳配置,以促进整个社会的全面进步。     

Publish or peer-rich? The role of skills and networks in hiring economics professors

This paper analyzes the determinants of success at the concours d'agrégation en sciences économiques. This is a centralized hiring procedure through which professors of economics are selected in France. Using detailed data from all concours held between 1984 and 2003, we focus on the role of the candidates' publication records (number and quality of articles) and networks (defined as professional links between candidates and the jury members who take the recruitment decisions). Both sets of variables have statistically significant effects on the likelihood of getting hired. The effect of network connections is important in the sense that a substantial improvement of the publication record is needed to compensate for not being linked to the jury.