北京奥运会生活垃圾物流管理对广州亚运会的启示

介绍了北京奥运会期间对生活垃圾管理的政策和措施,包括对垃圾的分类、回收管理以及对生活垃圾的最后的处理措施。总结了北京奥运会在生活垃圾处理方面的成功之处,提出可供广州亚运会借鉴的经验。     

The control of game form recognition in experiments: understanding dominant strategy failures in a simple two person “guessing” game

This paper focuses on instructions and procedures as the reasons that subjects fail to behave according to the predictions of game theory in two-person “guessing game” (beauty contest game) experiments. In this game, two individuals simultaneously choose a number between 0 and 100. The winner is the person whose chosen number is the closest to 2/3 of the average of the two numbers. The weakly dominant strategy is zero. Because of the simplicity of the game, the widespread failure of subjects to choose the weakly dominant strategy has been interpreted as evidence of some fundamental inability to behave strategically. By contrast, we find that subjects’ behavior reflects a lack of understanding of the game form, which we define as the relationships between possible choices, outcomes and payoffs. To a surprising degree, subjects seem to have little understanding of the experimental environment in which they are participating. If subjects do not understand the game form, the experimental control needed for testing game theory is lost. The experiments reported here demonstrate that the failure to act strategically is related to how the game is presented. We test how well subjects are able to recognize the game under a variety of different presentations of the game. Some subjects fail to recognize the game form when it is presented abstractly. When the game is transformed into a simple isomorphic game and presented in a familiar context, subjects do choose weakly dominant strategies. While our results confirm the ability of subjects to make strategic decisions, they also emphasize the need to understand the limitations of experimental subjects’ ability to grasp the game as the experimenter intends. Given these limitations, we provide suggestions for better experimental control.     

历届全运会会徽的文化学释义

采用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法研究我国历届全运会会徽,对其所蕴含的文化学意义进行系统解读。主要结论:历届全运会的承办省份对会徽的设计理念不尽相同;会徽的文化内涵与奥林匹克精神、主办省份及城市文化有关;会徽的来源可分为人与运动类、制度文化类、精神文化类;会徽向着精神理念综合发展;建议:会徽的设计应基于奥林匹克体育精神;会徽不应脱离运动主题和以人为本的精神;会徽的设计理念应与时俱进。     

Is it the economy,stupid? The role of social versus economic factors in people’s support for hosting the Olympic Games: evidence from 12 democratic countries

Public referenda have gained momentum as a democratic tool to legitimize public mega projects such as hosting the Olympic Games. Interest groups in favour of hosting the Olympics therefore try to influence voters through public campaigns that primarily focus on economic benefits. However, recent studies find no or hardly any economic impact of hosting the Olympics, instead providing evidence for a positive social impact. This raises the question whether citizens consider economic or social factors when deciding on hosting the Olympics. Based on representative survey data from 12 countries, our results suggest that economic factors can influence voting behaviour, although the influence of social factors is stronger.     

上下游投资者进入高新技术产业基地时机研究

运用期权博弈理论探讨上下游投资者之间在受到协同效应和拥挤效应同时影响的情况下,投资者如何作出进入决策,以及投资者作出进入决策之间的相互影响。研究表明,拥挤效应加速了投资者进入基地,而协同效应则会推迟投资者进入基地,所以投资者需要根据这两种效应的大小来选择进入策略。当拥挤效应的作用占据主导地位时,投资者有动力抢先进入基地; 当协同效应的作用占据主导地位,而拥挤效应处于次要地位时,投资者选择等待从而作为跟随者进入基地; 当拥挤效应与协同效应的相互作用基本可以抵消时,每一个投资者都没有动力抢先进入,最终形成同时进入均衡。     

旅游企业与社区居民利益冲突及协调博弈研究

随着旅游业发展的深入,旅游企业与社区居民的利益冲突及协调问题成为影响旅游业发展的重点问题。从旅游企业和社区居民的单次博弈入手建立模型,并通过重复博弈模型分析,探索实现利益协调的路径。提出完善社区居民旅游开发参与机制和构建收益均衡分配机制,解决旅游企业与社区居民的利益协调问题。     

Technological change and institutional inertia: a game-theoretic approach

In this paper, we study a co-evolutionary model of economic change at two hierarchical levels. At the lower level, institutions are given and the focus is on how resources are allocated and innovation produced in response to the pay-off structure induced by prevailing institutions. At the higher level, it is the institutions themselves that change as the outcome of a process of social bargaining. The main objective of the paper is to study the interaction between these two levels of change, attempting to provide some insight on issues like technological/institutional divergence, technological dead-end, institutional inertia, etc.It appears that evolutionary economics must be the theory of a process of cultural growth as determined by the economic interest, a theory of a cumulative sequence of economic institutions stated in the terms of the process itself. Thorstein Veblen (1898, p. 393).This work was undertaken while the author was a Research Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Studies of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.     

The 2006 Asian Games: self-affirmation and soft power

This article is based on a study of the 2006 Asian Games held in Qatar. It was one of the first major international sporting events ever organised by Qatar that has since become a key location for such occasions. The purpose of this study was to explain the function of mega-events. They are associated with the event organisers to bring out the unique identity of a nation and to gain credibility with the international community through the use of an emotional dynamic. Analysis proposes to illustrate how this event affected Qatar internationally as part of soft power as well as the structuring role it played locally. The Asian Games were not to be perceived as an isolated sports event on the contrary, it was an integral part of a global strategy. Qatar needed to gain political recognition and to demonstrate its ability to organise other more prestigious sporting events. Moreover, this mega-event served a local purpose. It was essential in the process of identity affirmation. As a metaphor of society, sport had to symbolise excellence with regard to the values promoted. It was an opportunity to associate the modern aspect of sports with the traditional values of a political system and the Muslim faith. Previously, where sport was typically ingrained in the values that defined western society, Qatari leaders believed that social values could purify sports to become a method of socialisation. If mega-events were a means to increase Qatar’s influence in international relations, they also served as a cultural instrument that would impose a model for society and further increase the country’s influence.     

The non-existence of a universal topological type space

The concept of types was introduced by Harsányi (1967–1968). In the literature there are two approaches for formalizing types, type spaces: the purely measurable and the topological models. In the former framework Heifetz and Samet (1998) showed that the universal type space exists and later Meier (2001) proved that it is complete. In this paper we examine the topological approach and conclude that there is no universal topological type space in the category of topological type spaces.     

重大节事的经济效应实证研究——以北京奥运会的市场反应为切入点

文章基于公司层面,以北京奥运会为例研究了重大节事的经济效应;采用事件研究法和趋势分析法,选择奥运板块上市公司为研究样本,实证检验了奥运会这一重大节事的短期与长期经济效应。研究发现,从短期来看,申奥成功事件具有显著的经济刺激效应;从长期来看,奥运筹备期间体现出一定的财富积累效应。总体上来说,研究证实,北京奥运会的经济影响在微观层面是有限的,这一结论适用于经济总量较大情况下重大节事的经济影响评价,对于重大节事的管理与参与有一定的借鉴意义。