公允价值计量的里程碑

美国FASB于2006年9月发布的SFAS157《公允价值计量》通过定义公允价值、建立公允价值计量的梯度框架、扩展关于公允价值计量的披露来规范和简化公会计原则中关于公允价值计量的指南，成为公允值计量的一块里程碑。本文意在通过对SFAS157主要内容的评价使我们把握公允价值计量的本质，从而在理论研究和会计准则制定方面更好的实行“拿来主义”。     

收入模型在我国商业银行操作风险度量中的应用

随着近年来市场风险量化方法的逐渐成熟及信用风险量化方法的不断发展，国际银行业开始尝试对操作风险进行量化，并取得了一定的进展。文章首先简单介绍操作风险的度量方法，接着分析操作风险度量方法在我国商业银行的选择运用，最后采用收入模型对我国国内两家商业银行进行操作风险度量的实证分析。     

Theoretical conditions under which monetary policies are effective and practical obstacles to their verification

Summary. We derive (i) necessary and sufficient and (ii) sufficient conditions for monetary policies to conform to what the literature characterizes as good policies. We show that the biasing effects of omitted variables, measurement errors, and misspecifications of true functional forms on the coefficients of monetary-policy reaction functions present practical obstacles to verifying such conditions.Received: 30 September 2003, Revised: 6 February 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: E52, E58. Correspondence to: George S. TavlasWe thank Charalambos Aliprantis, Peter von zur Muehlen and an anonymous referee for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. The views expressed in this paper are the authors own and do not represent those of their respective institutions.     

论公允价值计量的现实性与可行性——基于《新企业会计准则体系》颁布的思考

突破传统的历史成本计量、辅之以公允价值为计量尺度的会计核算,必将对我国经济发展、对外开放以及企业参与国际竞争产生重要的推动作用.公允价值计量属性的应用,适应了经济金融的证券化趋势,突现了企业财务状况的理性与真实;力挺了金融监管预察能力的发挥.     

中国吸引外商直接投资产业政策研究:1979—2004

本文以我国正式颁布的五次外资产业政策为研究对象,通过将投资目录进行产业归类,并对各种政策类别赋予权重,以此测量外资产业政策指数,在这基础上,再揭示外资产业政策的变化规律和特征。结果表明:在政策手段上,我国主要通过审批程序来引导外资产业流向;在开放趋势上,我国对外资产业开放程度越来越大;在开放导向上,五次外资产业政策表现出了一致性;在政策变化上,三次产业均有律可循。     

债权性投资的确认与计量——新企业会计准则及其理论进步

2006年财政部发布的企业会计准则对债权性投资的会计确认、计量作出了新规定。本文在介绍我国新会计准则对债权性投资的分类及其初始确认、利息处理、后续计价等确认、计量的基本要求的基础上,分析新会计准则对债权性投资会计确认和计量的改进及其理论进步。     

To Fair Value or Not to Fair Value: A Broader Perspective

Fair value is considered here with respect to the two primary objectives of financial statements proposed in the joint conceptual framework that is under development by the FASB and the IASB, namely (a) informativeness—to assist providers of capital in predicting, evaluating, and comparing the amounts, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows, and (b) stewardship—to assist in evaluating how efficient and effective managers have been in enhancing shareholders' value. More specifically, a comprehensive set of accounting measures and a set of corporate governance reforms intended to align corporate insiders' and auditors' behaviour and decisions with the interests of investors is outlined. Suggested reforms show how to present a mix of effectively historical quantifications, exit values, and the discounted values of future cash flows expected from the particularized use of combinations of assets within the firm. Additionally, the article describes how markets can be reformed in order to align the interests of the officers who prepare such accounts, and the auditors who certify them, with those of investors. These market-based reforms would require auditors to insure misrepresentations, and managers to take equity to induce truthful reporting. Also included is a radical extension to earlier proposals by the author, requiring an officer of the company to make the market in shares in a way that would place limits upon the value of the insider's private information.     

金融风险综合评估方法最新研究进展

风险管理是金融机构的基本任务之一,如何有效地评估多种金融风险是风险管理者尤为关注的问题。当前金融风险综合评估方法主要采用由上至下法或由下至上法的理论框架。本文从金融风险综合评估方法所需解决的基本问题入手,详细阐述了金融风险计量方法中的主流模型及其研究现状,结合Copula理论介绍了风险综合评估方法的最新进展,并根据综合评估方法中存在的问题讨论了综合评估方法的前景及展望。     

试论一般生产力到服务生产力的演进与测量

从一般生产力到服务生产力概念的演进是适应现实需要的产物，有其客观必然性；对生产力及服务生产力概念有一个较为清晰的界定，是服务生产力研究的前提；服务生产力的概念及其测量应综合考虑效率、效益、企业投入的资源以及顾客投入的资源等要素，其虽然从内涵等方面有别于传统生产力的概念，但也并未脱离基本的投入产出模式。     

智力资本会计理论基础反思

以计量和报告为主要内容的会计对智力资本的发展做出了巨大的贡献;与此同时,智力资本对于会计的发展也展现了其独特的魅力。然而,智力资本会计主要是来源于实践,使得相应的计量问题面临着巨大的挑战,所以智力资本的出现不可避免地引起了理论界的激烈争论。由于会计界按照现有的会计理论来处理智力资本会计,其效果并不理想,需要新的理论准则来处理智力资本会计,并对财务报告的未来发展进行新的尝试。本文认为,会计界应该反思现有的会计理论,改变会计计量观念和财务报告模式。