3-甲基吡啶氯代衍生物的应用及技术进展

本文介绍了3-甲基吡啶氯代衍生物：2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶、2-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶、2，3-二氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶等作为农药中间体的用途、合成方法及烟碱类农药的发展趋势。     

铁碳微电解法预处理高浓度有机农药废水研究

本实验根据高浓度有机农药废水的特点,采用经过两次铁碳微电解,处理该类废水。实验表明,当p H=3.5,停留时间为1h。一次铁碳微电解后水COD去除率20.54%,二次铁碳微电解后去除率为35.31%。废水经处理后的可生化性得到提高。     

农药残留测定用生物传感器研究进展

生物传感器作为一种新型的分析工具,在农药残留测定中具有广泛应用价值。文章介绍了几类生物传感器（包括酶传感器、微生物传感器、免疫传感器及压电生物传感器）在农药残留分析中的研究进展,并探讨了其发展趋势。     

2-氯-5-甲基吡啶的合成及应用研究

2-氯-5-甲基吡啶是生产吡虫啉、吡氟禾草灵等高效、低毒、低残留新农药的关键中间体。综述了2-氯-5-甲基吡啶的7种主要合成方法:3-甲基吡啶氧化法、3-甲基吡啶一步氯化法、重氮化法、熔融盐法、苄胺环合法、环化法及吡啶酮法,并简单介绍了2-氯-5-甲基吡啶在农药和生物化学品合成中的应用、研发现状及发展趋势。     

毒死蜱市场竞争优势及发展建议

毒死蜱是美国陶氏公司首先开发成功的产品,是一种高效、安全和广谱的含氮杂环类杀虫杀螨剂,对害虫具有触杀、胃毒和熏蒸作用,对人畜毒性相对较低,杀虫谱广,防效优良。作为防治农业害虫的重要农药之一,毒死蜱在全球范围得到了广泛应用。国家发改委和农业部已经将毒死蜱列为取代高毒农药的重要品种,并将其推荐用于无公害农产品生产的专用杀虫杀螨剂。介绍了目前国内毒死蜱的生产现状、技术进展,阐述了毒死蜱的产品竞争优势,对其存在的市场风险进行了分析,并对今后国内毒死蜱产业的发展提出了一些建议。     

The Effect of Mandatory Agro‐Environmental Policy on Farm Fertiliser and Pesticide Expenditure

EU farmers are subject to mandatory cross‐compliance measures, requiring them to meet environmental conditions to be eligible for public support. These obligations reinforce incentives for farmers to change their behaviour towards the environment. We apply quasi‐experimental methods to measure the causal relationship between cross‐compliance and some specific farm environmental performance. We find that cross‐compliance reduced farm fertiliser and pesticide expenditure. This result also holds for farmers who participated in other voluntary agro‐environmental schemes. However, the results do not support our expectations that farmers who relied on larger shares of public payments had a stronger motivation to improve their environmental performance.     

基于文献数据对我国果蔬农药残留研究现状及相关政策分析

对知网公开发表的2011—2017年果蔬农药残留检测数据进行了整理研究,此外,整理了我国2011—2019年农药残留相关文件政策,全面考察我国近几年果蔬农药残留情况。结果表明:2011—2017年我国农药残留呈逐年下降趋势,说明我国农药残留正不断减少,果蔬质量不断提高。但在果蔬超标农药中,均检出国家禁用的高毒农药。鉴于以上情况,国家应进一步落实相关政策,加强监管力度,培训农户,促使我国果蔬质量不断提高。     

解决农残问题扩大茶叶出口--从对德国出口茶叶下降谈起

茶叶是我国传统大宗出口商品。但自2000年以来，我国茶叶出口开始呈现持续下降的趋势。其主要原因除了发达国家设置的技术壁垒外，我国茶叶生产自身的弱点也不容忽视；如不立即采取有效措施，我国茶叶最后有可能不得不退出德国乃至欧盟市场。     

广西稻田养殖鱼产品农药残留调研分析

稻田养鱼在我国有悠久的历史，因其在稳粮增产、农民增收和改善水稻种植环境等方面的积极作用得到各级政府的大力提倡，与此同时，稻用农药对养殖产品在食品安全方面的影响也受到一定程度的关注。农业部农产品质量安全中心渔业产品认证分中心（中国水产科学研究院质量与标准研究中心）2009年与广西省水产技术推广总站合作对广西省稻田养殖禾花鲤产品开展了农残情况调查。本报告全面阐述了本次调查的技术路线、研究方法以及调查和监测结果，并针对发现的问题，提出了保障质量安全，促进稻田养鱼可持续发展的具体建议。     

An Economic Analysis of Yard Care and Synthetic Chemical Use: The Case of San Francisco

Yard care is an economically important household production activity that also has potentially significant environmental or health impacts. Of particular concern are the possible negative impacts of using synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. But economic models and empirical analyses of yard care and chemical use are rare. We develop a simple model of household production and consumption to analyze yard care and chemical use. We then estimate a multinomial logit model of these behavioral choices with household data from San Francisco. Attitudes towards the quality of one's outdoor residential environment and time scarcity are important determinants of the odds of chemical use whereas financial variables play the major role in determining the odds that people have and care for yards. These results could help to improve educational or marketing campaigns that aim to reduce potential or actual problems associated with yard chemical use. Better data for models similar to this one are needed for future research.