山东省农业转移人口市民化成本测算及分担机制构建

农业转移人口市民化的综合成本主要包括政府财政负担的公共成本和个人承担的个人成本两部分。采用分类加总法测算得出山东省农业转移人口市民化的人均公共成本约为15.07万元,个人成本约为2.37万元/年,同时绝大多数农业转移人口还需要集中支付一笔可观的购房成本,人均约12.43万元。合理消化这一巨额成本,需要发挥政府的主导作用,同时鼓励企业、农业转移人口、社会积极参与,构建一个由政府、企业、农业转移人口、社会等共同参与的多元化成本及责任分担机制。     

论企业内部知识共享的成本、效益和激励机制

优化企业文化,完善知识管理的技术系统,以消除各种影响知识共享的障碍。必须使企业调整或再造组织结构,清除传统金字塔型结构给知识传递设置的羁绊,使组织结构趋向扁平化。但必须看到,知识共享是一种手段而不是目的,任何知识共享的举措必须有助于企业解决其外部发展和内部整合问题,这样才有利于实现企业的发展战略。     

Why do buyers share knowledge with suppliers in new product development? current and alternative supplier antecedents

Purpose: Interfirm knowledge sharing has been well recognized to activate the performance and competitiveness improvement of the firms. Previous research has discussed the impacts of current suppliers on buyer–supplier knowledge sharing, but does not explain how this influence occurs. This study aims to disclose the mechanism by which both current and competing suppliers impact buyer–supplier knowledge sharing in buyers’ new product development activities.

Methodology/approach: This study proposed a conceptual model based on relational exchange theory and developed eight hypotheses. Questionnaire survey was used to collect empirical data from R&D staff of Taiwanese electronics firms. This study distributed 1,475 questionnaires and received 246 eligible questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to test and verify appropriateness of the proposed model.

Findings: The findings show that current supplier asset specificity positively and directly influences buyer–supplier knowledge sharing in new product development. The current supplier asset specificity also has indirect positive influence on buyer–supplier knowledge sharing in new product development via the mediating effects of buyer trust, satisfaction, and commitment. However, the attractiveness of alternative suppliers only indirectly and negatively affects buyer–supplier knowledge sharing via the mediating effects of buyer trust, satisfaction, and commitment.

Research limitations/implications: This study surveyed the firms in Taiwanese electronics industry. Nevertheless, new product development activities are executed by electronics firms in numerous countries and firms in various industries. For validating the generalization of this study’s results, future research can investigate firms in other industries and countries to verify the proposed model and hypotheses.

Practical implications: Current suppliers’ asset specificity is found to exert more influence on buyer–supplier knowledge sharing than alternative attractiveness. The findings imply that current suppliers should focus on investing specific assets for buyers other than stress the attractiveness and threat of competing suppliers.

Originality/value/contribution: This study initiates to approach the antecedents and influence mechanism of current buyer–supplier knowledge sharing via both perspectives of current and competing suppliers.     

正确把握大思路 配套推进分税制——兼与“纵向分两段，横向分两块”的主张商榷

本文认为,以分税制为基础的分级财政是市场经济新体制所要求的财政体制,需要在统一市场构建中逐步贯通运行这一财政体制,过渡措施不应凝固为实现中长期目标的障碍,要正确把握大思路,配套推进分税制。     

我国成品油价格形成机制评析

现阶段我国采取国际三地原油价格加权基础上追加相应成本和利润的办法来确定国内成品油价格。此种定价机制曾起到一定的积极作用,但没有涉及价格机制的核心问题。随着近几年特别是2005年以来国际市场油价的频繁波动,现行成品油价格机制逐渐暴露出矛盾和问题,主要包括成品油价格变动滞后、国内油价长期低于国际油价和国内石油企业之间不平等竞争。改革我国现行成品油定价机制,必须充分发挥价格机制和供求机制,破除垄断和过度行政干预,建立风险分摊和转嫁机制,并完善政府的经济职能。     

MULTIDIMENSIONAL DYNAMIC RISK MEASURE VIA CONDITIONAL g‐EXPECTATION

This paper deals with multidimensional dynamic risk measures induced by conditional g‐expectations. A notion of multidimensional g‐expectation is proposed to provide a multidimensional version of nonlinear expectations. By a technical result on explicit expressions for the comparison theorem, uniqueness theorem, and viability on a rectangle of solutions to multidimensional backward stochastic differential equations, some necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the constancy, monotonicity, positivity, and translatability properties of multidimensional conditional g‐expectations and multidimensional dynamic risk measures; we prove that a multidimensional dynamic g‐risk measure is nonincreasingly convex if and only if the generator g satisfies a quasi‐monotone increasingly convex condition. A general dual representation is given for the multidimensional dynamic convex g‐risk measure in which the penalty term is expressed more precisely. It is shown that model uncertainty leads to the convexity of risk measures. As to applications, we show how this multidimensional approach can be applied to measure the insolvency risk of a firm with interacting subsidiaries; optimal risk sharing for ‐tolerant g‐risk measures, and risk contribution for coherent g‐risk measures are investigated. Insurance g‐risk measure and other ways to induce g‐risk measures are also studied at the end of the paper.     

无线Mesh网络中网络编码的文件共享模型

网络编码的基本思想是网络节点不仅参与数据转发,还参与数据处理,可大幅提高网络性能。传统文件传输系统存在文件分发时间的"瓶颈"问题,为此,提出一种在无线Mesh网络中网络编码的简化文件共享模型,采用理论分析和实验仿真的方法,研究节点间的4种合作机制。结果表明,在总分发时间上,基于网络编码转发机制比无网络编码的转发机制平均减少11.67%,显著地降低了文件传输系统的分发时间,从而提高了网络的吞吐量。     

The Lack of International Consumption Risk Sharing: Can Inflation Differentials and Trading Costs Help Explain the Puzzle?

The bulk of evidence on the lack of international risk sharing is based on regressions of idiosyncratic consumption growth on idiosyncratic output growth. This paper argues that the results from such regressions obtained from international data are, however, not directly comparable to those based on regional data: the standard practice of running such regressions on international data fails to account for persistent international differentials in consumer prices, whereas—implicitly—most of the literature based on regional data has accounted for these differences. When risk sharing regressions are set up in conceptually the same way in international and regional data sets, the estimated coefficients are also very similar. To explore this result further, we adapt the variance decomposition of Asdrubali et al. (Q J Econ 111:1081–1110, 1996) to allow for deviations from purchasing power parity across countries. While quantity (income and credit) flows are the dominant channel of risk sharing among regions, relative consumption and output price (internal terms of trade) fluctuations account for the bulk of the deviation from the complete markets outcome in international data. To the extent that persistent differences in consumer prices are an indication of goods market segmentation, our findings provide empirical evidence for the proposition by Obstfeld and Rogoff (NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000, 2000) that segmented international goods markets rather than asset market incompleteness may account for the (apparent) lack of risk sharing between countries.

供应链信息共享价值的量化研究

在供应链中,信息共享是供应链管理的基础。文章在信息有共享和信息无共享的假设下对供应链成员企业的相关参数进行对比,证明在有信息共享的情况下"牛鞭效应"明显小于信息无共享时的情况。因此,在供应链中实现信息共享是控制"牛鞭效应"、提高供应链管理效率的有效途径。     

Drivers and barriers of peer-to-peer accommodation stay – an exploratory study with American and Finnish travellers

The explosive growth of peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation service presents a potential transformation in the competitive landscape of accommodation sector. This research explores the market characteristics and the factors that drive and hinder the use of P2P accommodation to better explain the phenomenon of collaborative consumption in the tourism and hospitality marketplace. Using responses from travellers residing in the United States and Finland, exploratory factor analyses revealed two factors that drive the use of P2P accommodation: social appeal (desire for community and sustainability) and economic appeal (cost savings). The barriers include issues of trust, efficacy and familiarity with the system, and cost. The empirical evidence from this study suggests several managerial implications for tourism and hospitality businesses and directions for future research.