Climate risks and U.S. stock-market tail risks: A forecasting experiment using over a century of data

We examine the predictive value of the uncertainty associated with growth in temperature for stock-market tail risk in the United States using monthly data that cover the sample period from 1895:02 to 2021:08. To this end, we measure stock-market tail risk by means of the popular Conditional Autoregressive Value at Risk (CAViaR) model. Our results show that accounting for the predictive value of the uncertainty associated with growth in temperature, as measured either by means of standard generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models or a stochastic-volatility (SV) model, mainly is beneficial for a forecaster who suffers a sufficiently higher loss from an underestimation of tail risk than from a comparable overestimation.     

China's emerging role in the global semiconductor value chain

The global model of semiconductor development has resulted in an asymmetric and interdependent relationship between China's critical role in semiconductor production and those regions such as the US which control the key inputs into the value chain. While this unbalanced relationship has facilitated many of the companies involved in the value chain in exploiting the comparative advantage of different locations for different functions and has allowed a complex ecosystem of supplier networks to emerge over time, the increasing influence of geopolitical considerations associated with the growing tensions between the US and China has created considerable uncertainty about the future evolution of this value chain. It is within this uncertain context that China's efforts to achieve greater autonomy in the development of its own semiconductor sector will be examined in this paper.     

Whose policy uncertainty affects trade flows between Japan and the U.S.?

Previous studies mostly assumed that the effects of policy uncertainty on trade flows are symmetric. In this article, we add to this literature by arguing and demonstrating that the effects could be asymmetric. Since asymmetry analysis requires using non-linear models, such models yield a more significant outcome than linear models. We show this by considering the trade flows of 66 two-digit U.S. exporting industries to Japan and 59 two-digit Japanese exporting industries to the United States. While both the linear and non-linear models predicted short-run effects of the U.S. and Japanese policy uncertainty on exports of most industries, the long-run effects were significantly different. In the long run, while the linear model predicted no significant effects of either uncertainty measure, the non-linear model 12 (14) U.S. exporting industries that were affected by changes in the Japanese (the U.S.) policy uncertainty measure and six (10) Japanese exporting industries that were affected by changes in the Japanese (the U.S.) policy uncertainty measure. Several large industries were among the affected industries.     

Credit Crunch and Downward Nominal Wage Rigidities

Through the lens of a DSGE model, I find that financial shocks in conjunction with downward nominal wage rigidities (DNWR) are important features in explaining the degree of asymmetry that U.S. business cycles exhibit. Financial shocks are constructed as residuals of the borrowing constraint faced by firms in a similar fashion to Jermann and Quadrini (2012). The effects of these shocks on aggregate quantity variables are amplified by DNWR, especially during the global financial crisis. Moreover, my model explains a large part of the upward shift in the labor wedge that occurred during this recession.     

金融发展的角力：金融集聚与金融排斥的非对称空间溢出效应分析

中国区域经济发展差异不仅体现在东西之间与南北之间，相邻地区的发展差异也尤为突出，而金融发展中集聚与排斥效应的角力是不可忽视的因素。本文通过检验2004—2018年31个省份金融集聚与金融排斥对经济增长的影响，发现金融集聚与金融排斥存在非对称空间溢出效应：相较于金融集聚，金融排斥的负向溢出效应更为显著，但是金融集聚能够有效缓解金融排斥对经济增长的负向作用。进一步剖析发现，在相邻地区金融资源的势差分布中，金融集聚的虹吸效应激发了金融排斥，由此形成非对称空间溢出效应，并且这种效应具有长期性特征，在人口密度较高的地区较为显著。此外，金融集聚的溢出效应源于金融效率的优化，金融排斥的溢出效应源自深化地理排斥、评估排斥和条件排斥。本文研究结论为解决中国区域经济协调发展中存在的不平衡问题、增强区域经济增长动力提供有益的政策启示。     

西方投资者关系管理构成要素与资本成本研究述评

投资者关系管理起源于美国,是西方成熟资本市场的产物,它通过加强与投资者之间的信息沟通来增强投资者对公司的满意度,从而达到实现增加公司价值的目的。基于西方学者关于投资者关系管理的相关研究,对IRM的构成要素进行了重新界定,并分别对IRM的构成要素与资本成本的关系研究进行了回顾述评,总结出了一些有助于我国IRM发展的经验和启示,以期推动我国理论界和实务界探索并构建符合我国资本市场特点的IRM模式。     

水利建设市场主体信用信息共享激励机制研究

针对目前水利建设市场主体信用信息获取的不完整性、不及时性等问题,基于非对称信息博弈理论,研究并构建水利建设市场主体信用信息共享的激励机制模型,并运用博弈理论对政府和水利建设市场主体以及各水利建设市场主体之间的信用信息共享行为进行分析。研究表明:当政府对信用信息共享给予一定的奖励时,信用较好或较差的水利建设市场主体都倾向于选择信用信息共享行为,且最优的激励系数与信用信息共享成本系数和水利建设市场主体的风险规避度有关。该研究成果为实现水利建设市场主体信用动态管理奠定了基础,同时,为进一步研究信用动态管理相关问题提供依据。     

Dynamic and asymmetric effects between carbon emission trading,financial uncertainties,and Chinese industry stocks: Evidence from quantile-on-quantile and causality-in-quantiles analysis

This paper investigates the dynamic and asymmetric effects between carbon emission trading (CET), financial uncertainties, and Chinese stocks in different industries over the period from 19th December 2013 to 21st March 2022. We utilized a novel quantile framework including rolling window quantile regression method, quantile-on-quantile method, and causality-in-quantiles method to implement this research more comprehensively and accurately. Our contributions and findings, empirical in nature, are as follows: (i) In the early establishing stage of the carbon market, with a bullish market situation, carbon emission trading has a negative impact on most industry stocks. In the developing and improving stage of the carbon market, different industries have different impact situations. (ii) We find that the effects of financial uncertainty on stocks are stronger than CET on stocks. We also find that the dependence structures between CET, financial uncertainty, and industry stocks are asymmetric in most industries, and there are many mutation structures with significant risks in extreme situations. (iii) Carbon emissions trading, crude oil volatility, and US stock volatility all have strong causal relationships with Chinese industry stocks. (iv) We also provide policy suggestions to relevant countries to balance carbon market and stock markets and avoid risks from financial uncertainty in different industries.     

On the Sale of Package Tours to Infinitely Many Possible Types of Tourists

Alao and Batabyal (2013) have recently used contract theory to study the sale of package tours to tourists when the tourists can be of two possible types. In this note, we first generalize their analysis by studying the case in which the tourists can be of infinitely many types. Next, we compare our results with those obtained by Alao and Batabyal. Finally, we conclude and then discuss extensions of this note's research. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.