Structural measurement errors in nonseparable models

This paper considers measurement error from a new perspective. In surveys, response errors are often caused by the fact that respondents recall past events and quantities imperfectly. We explore the consequences of limited recall for the identification of marginal effects. Our identification approach is entirely nonparametric, using Matzkin-type nonseparable models that nest a large class of potential structural models. We show that measurement error due to limited recall will generally exhibit nonstandard behavior, in particular be nonclassical and differential, even for left-hand side variables in linear models. We establish that information reduction by individuals is the critical issue for the severity of recall measurement error. In order to detect information reduction, we propose a nonparametric test statistic. Finally, we propose bounds to address identification problems resulting from recall errors. We illustrate our theoretical findings using real-world data on food consumption.     

The Form. Measurement and Management of Inflation Anticipation

通货膨胀是影响各国经济发展和社会稳定的重要问题,而通胀预期又是影响实际通货膨胀的重要因素。我国通货膨胀随着社会转型开始呈现周期性变化,对我国通货膨胀基于成本推动型、需求拉动型、结构型等等的研究也已经较多,但不容忽视的是,我国通货膨胀的惯性特征很强,通货膨胀的滞后效应十分明显,究其原因是通胀预期的作用。本文基于对通胀预期形成的认识,对其影响因素进行研究,然后通过实证分析,得到通胀预期形成的相关结论,最后对通货膨胀的管理提出政策建议。     

Testing measurement invariance using multigroup CFA: differences between educational groups in human values measurement

This article applies the testing procedures for measurement invariance using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA). It illustrates these procedures by investigating the factorial structure and invariance of the Portraits Value Questionnaire (PVQ, Schwartz et al.: J. Cross Cult. Psychol. 32(5), 519–542 (2001)) across three education groups in a population sample (N  =  1,677). The PVQ measures 10 basic values that Schwartz postulates to comprehensively describe the human values recognized in all societies (achievement, hedonism, self-direction, benevolence, conformity, security, stimulation, power, tradition and universalism). We also estimate and compare the latent means of the three education groups. The analyses show partial invariance for most of the 10 values and parameters. As expected, the latent means show that less educated respondents attribute more importance to security, tradition, and conformity values.     

区域创新系统温度测度研究

根据社会燃烧理论,温度是衡量系统有序程度的可靠指标,也是系统衰退的决定性因素。基于社会燃烧理论设计了区域创新系统温度测度指标,并根据热力学基本理论构建了系统温度测度模型,测度了中国内地31个省市自治区2009-2013年区域创新系统温度,并将其划分为低、中、高3个温区。结果显示,区域创新系统温度值存在,且不同区域温度值不尽相同;RIS温度值越高,发生衰退的可能性越大;不同区域创新系统引起温度上升的矛盾不同。在此基础上,提出了消除矛盾、降低区域创新系统温度的对策建议。     

采用复合学习时间的复杂任务知识量测度

在总结知识量测度4类研究的基础上,指出其知识量计量原理对知识量测度结果影响的效度、信度与可比性。进而,依据知识方程和发生认识论描述了采用复合学习时间进行知识量（难度）测量的计量原理。然后,基于知识表达系统构建了知识量测度模型,探讨了有别于传统知识量测度的方法。最后,结合任务知识量测度进行了算例说明。     

双元性理论视阈中技术学习的双因素测度模型研究

基于双元性理论对组织技术学习过程进行研究,突破传统学习曲线的单因素局限,从挖掘性学习与探索性学习两个维度,构建双因素测度模型。综合测度组织技术学习率,反映技术学习的两个子过程对组织资源的获取和利用,同时为组织双元性技术创新路径的平衡协调提供依据。     

我国东西部地区技术相似度测度与差异分析

采用标准的技术相似度测量方法,定量测度了我国东西部各省份间的技术相似度,发现西部与东部省份之间存在技术结构差异,与北京和上海的差距尤其显著。分别以与北京、上海的技术相似度为基准,对东西部省份进行排序,证实了我国各省份之间的技术结构和地理分布、经济水平类似,东西部也是具有明显差异的。并通过分析东部省份之间、西部省份之间以及东西部省份之间的技术相似度水平,以找出西部各省潜在的技术转移来源地。     

Cognitive complexity implications for research on sustainable competitive advantage

Cognitive complexity of top managers gains increasing attention in the management field. Performance implication of cognitive complexity is an important one. This article clarifies several of the original points to reply to Huang's commentary. In particular, we comment on some issues of testability and measurement of cognitive complexity and internal/external related dimensions.     

Advancing formative measurement models

Formative measurement models were first introduced in the literature more than forty years ago and the discussion about their methodological contribution has been increasing since the 1990s. However, the use of formative indicators for construct measurement in empirical studies is still scarce. This paper seeks to encourage the thoughtful application of formative models by (a) highlighting the potential consequences of measurement model misspecification, and (b) providing a state-of-the art review of key issues in the formative measurement literature. For the former purpose, this paper summarizes findings of empirical studies investigating the effects of measurement misspecification. For the latter purpose, the article merges contributions in the psychology, management, and marketing literatures to examine a variety of issues concerning the conceptualization, estimation, and validation of formative measurement models. Finally, the article offers some suggestions for future research on formative measurement.     

Confirmatory tetrad analysis in PLS path modeling

The authors propose a CTA-PLS assessment routine for measurement models. This routine applies confirmatory tetrad analysis (CTA) in a manner which is consistent with partial least squares (PLS) path modeling assumptions. The conceptualization employs a bootstrapping procedure to accomplish an appropriate statistical test examining vanishing tetrads in CTA-PLS. The approach allows distinguishing a formative indicator specification from a reflective indicator specification. Applications using experimental and empirical data demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of CTA-PLS. As a means of evaluating PLS path modeling results, the routine assists researchers in avoiding potentially unrepresentative consequences of measurement model misspecification.