引入土地流转因素的新型农村社会养老保险基金预测

本文以政策外部性关联与协同效应为切入点,通过陕西省西安市新农保试点区县农民问卷调查,对引入土地流转因素的新型农村社会养老保险基金预测进行精算建模和政策仿真研究。结果表明：土地流转因素对新农保参保率、缴费率具有显著影响,基金收支呈现由盈余转向缺口、并逐年扩大的趋势,基金、制度存在双重失衡风险。通过关键制度因素的单一、组合调整结果分析对比,提出促进土地流转与新农保制度良性融合与可持续发展的对策建议。     

养老基金投资管理体制：借鉴与构建

在人口老龄化与经济增长乏力带来的养老金财政压力下,日本将侧重于服务经济增长的政府经营管理的养老金投资模式,转变为追求稳定且有效率投资回报的政府集中管理、民间机构具体投资的模式。借鉴日本经验,我国需要尽快清除养老金统一投资运营的诸多障碍,建立中央政府负责管理和投资战略,国有投资机构具体投资运营的养老金投资模式,采用数量限制投资规则,以服务经济发展和追求稳定投资回报为目标。     

美国公共研发知识产权政策的变迁及启示

公共资金支持的研发项目在整个国家创新体系中占据重要的地位,对这部分项目所产生的知识产权进行有效的管理,有助于提高国家的技术竞争力。重点介绍了美国政府对公共资金支持的研发项目所产生的知识产权管理政策的变化,这种政策的变化反映了政府对大学等公共研究机构在美国技术创新体系中定位的变化,以及政府对公共研发项目知识产权利益分配政策的变革。美国公共研发知识产权政策的得失,对提高我国公共研发知识产权管理效能有一定的借鉴意义。     

我国基金投资者存在处置效应吗?——基于国内某大型开放式基金交易的研究

以基金为代表的机构投资者队伍在我国资本市场发挥着日益重要的作用,但有关基金投资者行为的研究还比较缺乏。本文利用国内某大型基金管理公司提供的基金投资者交易数据,运用生存模型研究了我国基金投资者的处置效应。实证结果显示我国基金投资者表现出明显的处置效应,同时,我们还发现男性投资者和投资经验丰富的投资者相对表现出较低程度的处置效应。进一步的研究发现投资者的处置效应是非理性的,它减少了基金投资者的投资收益。     

盘活存量资产,用活现有资金--试论如何加强以资金管理为中心的财务管理

在市场经济条件下,任何企业都要在市场中参与激烈的竞争,其动力就是追逐经济效益,实现利润最大化。资金管理是企业经营管理的重点和关键,只有充分发挥资金管理对企业内部检查和外部监督的职能,才能让企业取得更大的经济效益。本文针对如何加强企业资金管理进行讨论,其目的在于充分认识资金管理对经济工作的重要意义。     

The impact of the Social Security Fund on auditor litigation risk

In this study, we examine the effect of the Social Security Fund on auditor litigation risk. Using audit fees as a proxy for auditor perceptions of litigation risk, we find that the Social Security Fund significantly reduces auditor litigation risk. Furthermore, we show that the Social Security Fund influences auditor litigation risk through reducing both the audit risk and the business risk of public companies. In addition, the impact of the Social Security Fund for reducing auditor litigation risk is more obvious in the group of firms with low levels of internal governance, which indicates that the Social Security Fund plays an important governance role as a high-quality institutional investor. In summary, we verify that the Social Security Fund, when acting as an institutional investor, plays an important role in corporate governance, and that it helps to reduce auditor litigation risk. Our results provide empirical support for expanding the governance role of the Social Security Fund as an institutional investor in China’s A-share market.     

The International Monetary Fund’s interventions in food and agriculture: An analysis of loans and conditions

The mandate and competence of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) does not cover food and agriculture policies. While there is anecdotal evidence that the IMF engages in these policies regardless, the state-of-the-art lacks a systematic empirical foundation to identify the extent of its mission creep into these sectors. Based on a combination of machine and human coding, we present a comprehensive database on the IMF’s policy interventions in food and agriculture. Using new data on ‘conditionalities’—policies that governments must implement to access IMF credit—we assess to what extent the IMF has targeted these sectors for the period 1980 to 2014. Our analysis evaluates the agricultural content and ideological orientation of conditions according to whether they promote a developmental state, a night-watchman state, or neither. We find about 2% of all IMF conditions (1105 of 58,406) directly target food and agriculture issues. These are present in 43% of all IMF programs (332 of 781); and affect 100 countries (of the 131 countries that have had an IMF agreement). In addition, our analysis reveals that 59.2% of these conditions embody policy measures in line with night-watchman state policy preferences, 40.1% are model-neutral, and 0.7% developmental. Within the model-neutral category, 23.9% are conditions oriented towards building state capacity; 2.7% have a poverty reduction content; and 2.9% contain pro-environment policies. The IMF’s primary reason for targeting food and agriculture is to enforce fiscal discipline by removing subsidies, yet our analysis identifies that only 8% of these policies abolish subsidies. A more consistent explanation of the IMF’s interest in food and agriculture is its broader mission creep into development policy, and its deep-rooted pro-market ideology.     

Beyond technical skills training: The impact of credit counseling on the entrepreneurial behavior of Ugandan youth

There is low take‐up of financial credit among youth in Uganda because potential beneficiaries perceive associated risks as high. This study assesses the determinants of entrepreneurial risk tolerance among Ugandan youth using experimental data from a randomized control trial and a real‐life investment‐risk experiment. Credit counseling was provided to young men and women aged 18–35 who owned a business to educate them about the obligations and commitments associated with financial credit. The intervention had a significant impact on demand for credit and related intermediate outcomes such as ownership of a bank account and investment in assets. The study finds that youth exhibited lower demand for credit after business training because of increased awareness regarding the actual risks associated with receiving credit. Our findings reinforce national strategies to promote soft skills for business entrepreneurship that extend beyond standard business training.     

巨灾基金及相关会计的建立初探

巨灾发生概率低而破坏性极强，危害性极大。为防范巨灾风险并减少其造成的损失，极有必要建立巨灾基金和巨灾基金会计，通过巨灾基金会计对巨灾基金进行监管。     

Integrated reporting decision usefulness: Mainstream equity market views

The International Integrated Reporting (<IR>) Framework (2013) identified providers of financial capital as its primary users. This research provides evidence from 22 mainstream equity market actors, employed by global investment houses, regarding the decision usefulness of and resistances to <IR>, as a reporting framework. Despite institutional-level support for <IR>, the interviews reveal that its usefulness to fund managers and equity analysts is low. Concerns are evident over the Framework design and its relevance to more structural issues pertaining to equity market culture. The implication of this is that <IR> may become a reporting fad, not embedded into mainstream investment thinking.