基于DEA模型的滨海旅游业高质量发展全要素生产率评价研究——以我国53个沿海城市为例

在"海洋高质量发展"背景下,利用DEA-Malmquist指数模型对我国53个沿海城市在2005—2019年间旅游全要素生产率的发展情况进行了运算分析,在讨论时空演变特征基础上,对其演进模式进行了分类,并提出了改善建议。研究结果发现:（1）在旅游综合效率上,三亚达到最优状态,另有15个城市的旅游综合效率值高于平均值,滨海旅游业发展状态良好。而东营、东莞、漳州、盐城和滨州的综合效率相对较低,发展状况不理想;（2）从时间上看,滨海城市旅游全要素生产率的平均每年增长16.1%,滨海旅游业发展持续改善。其中技术进步指数以23.8%的年均增长率成为主要推动力;（3）在旅游效率空间分布上,除规模效率外,南北方城市的滨海旅游业发展较为均衡,差异不明显;在发展规模上,南方城市的滨海旅游业发展规模相较于北方处于不断递增状态,其中浙江省最具代表性;（4）根据53个滨海城市的旅游效率演进方式将其划分为凹槽型、循环型、波动型和平稳型4种类型。     

长三角城市群新型工业化发展效率测度及收敛性分析

中国政府提出的全面实施创新驱动发展战略和推进供给侧结构性改革的重要举措之一是推进新型工业化,而提高长三角城市群新型工业化发展效率有利于推动经济转型升级、提升区域竞争力和实现可持续发展。基于2005—2021年长三角城市群41个城市的面板数据,运用超效率SBM-ML模型、Dagum基尼系数、核密度分析以及收敛模型对新型工业化发展效率进行测度并分析其动态演变趋势和收敛特征。结果表明,新型工业化发展效率总体呈现出增长的趋势,增长动力主要来自规模效率变化和技术进步变化;新型工业化发展效率差异总体在缩小,区域间差异是效率差异的主要部分;新型工业化发展效率的空间差距在逐步扩大,存在多级分化现象;四大规模城市均存在收敛和收敛,收敛速度呈I型城市、II型城市、特大城市、长三角城市群依次减弱。     

Using Malmquist index to select the strategic partners in vertical integration: the case of Taiwan LED supply chain

In recent years, green technology efficiency has been one of the most interesting issues when referring to energy saving. The light-emitting diode (LED) is one of the competitive industries on green technology in Taiwan. The objective of this article is to select the vertical strategic partners of the 22 LED companies through investigating performance of integration. The Malmquist productivity index (MPI) is used to evaluate the average efficiency change from 2011 to 2015. The empirical results show that the productivity change was influenced by both catch-up effects and frontier effects. For upstream companies, the MPI of Tekcore is superior to others because it maintained technical efficiency and technological change. For downstream companies, most of them are performed well in technical efficiency than technological change. This article helps LED manufacturers select the appropriate strategic partners to achieve competitive advantage.     

基于DEA-Malmquist指数和Tobit模型的长江经济带水资源福利绩效及影响因素

在构建水资源福利绩效指标体系的基础上,采用投入导向型的超效率DEA-CCR模型,测算了2008—2017年长江经济带11个省市的水资源福利绩效;利用Malmquist指数对水资源福利绩效进行解构,测算各驱动因素的贡献率,并采用面板Tobit回归模型检验长江经济带水资源福利绩效的影响因素。研究结果表明:2008—2017年,长江经济带水资源福利绩效处于有效状态,技术进步与创新是推动水资源福利绩效提高的主要因素;地区间差异呈"东部最高、中部次之、西部最低"的态势;产业结构、经济外向性、城市绿化、技术进步、政府环境规制效果对长江经济带水资源福利绩效均有一定影响,但是各因素影响方向、影响力度与显著性存在差异。     

外资并购对目标企业生产率的提升效应研究

利用我国A股上市公司2004-2010年的数据,使用基于DEA的Malmquist指数,考量外资并购对目标企业全要素生产率的影响,结果发现：外资并购有助于提高我国目标企业的全要素生产率,提升效应主要来自于对技术进步的推动;主并方来自于亚洲的并购比来自于欧美的并购对我国目标企业生产率的提升作用更好。相对于非国有企业,外资并购对国有企业生产率的提升效应更强。     

光伏产业竞争力国际比较—基于面板数据的实证分析

作为战略性新兴产业,经历了爆发式增长和“冰冻期”,如今的光伏产业发展水平如何？文章从微观的角度以2007至2014年19家公司相对效率值为基础,考察中、美、日、韩和挪威五国及产业链节点8年竞争力的变化,对比该公司Malmquist指数,分析其技术变化率与综合效率变化率,进而说明—国产业研发能力及公司管理能力,结合国家政策和并购案例,阐述政策和管理对光伏产业竞争力的影响,提出我国光伏产业市场化进程中应处理好的产业链发展问题以及政策关系问题.     

Efficiency and capital adequacy in Taiwan banking: BCC and super-DEA estimation

In this study the researchers adopt two DEA methods – Banker-Charnes-Cooper and Super Efficiency – to investigate whether a bank's technical efficiency is significantly different when capital adequacy (risk) is specified compared with when capital adequacy (risk) is not specified. The information is obtained from 46 Taiwanese banks for the period 2000 to 2002. The Malmquist total factor productivity (TFP) index is employed to measure the impact of productivity change on the panel data. The empirical results from the DEA approach are summarized as follows: (1) Capital adequacy is proven to be an influential factor in evaluating the efficiency of banks. (2) The average efficiency scores of banks with high capital adequacy (>8%) are significantly higher than those of banks with lower capital adequacy (<8%). (3) The efficiency scores of banks with high risk capital requirement (above the average) are higher than those of banks with lower risk capital requirement (under the average). (4) Banks with both high capital adequacy and high risk capital requirement are superior in performance than all the other banks, while banks with both low capital adequacy and low-risk capital requirement performance are the worst by contrast. (5) Based on the Malmquist total TFP index, we find that bank productivity has not increased.     

基于DEA-Malmquist模型的中国粮食生产用水效率研究

[目的]提高粮食用水效率是降低农业用水规模、缓解水资源供需矛盾的有效途径之一。通过测度中国31个省(市区)的粮食用水效率,揭示了其时间演变规律与空间分异特征。[方法]以中国31个省(市区)为研究样本,首先运用数据包络分析方法对2005年、2010年与2015年的粮食生产用水效率进行静态分析和评价,揭示各省(市区)粮食生产水资源投入松弛量,分析了中国东中西部地区的粮食生产用水效率的差异特征;其次,采用各省(市区) 2005—2015年的面板数据,运用Malmquist指数模型分析了中国粮食生产水资源全要素利用效率的时空演变趋势。[结果]中国大多数省(市区)粮食生产用水效率随着时间推移呈上升趋势,粮食生产技术进步是影响用水效率的关键因素;多数省份粮食生产用水效率处于规模报酬递减阶段,近50%的省份粮食生产用水存在冗余,应适当减少粮食生产用水量;从区域分布特征来看,中国粮食生产用水效率与区域经济发展水平及地理空间分布有关,与区域水资源丰沛程度负相关。[结论]国家应加大对粮食灌溉设施的技术投资,因地制宜优化粮食生产空间格局。     

A note on decomposing the Malmquist productivity index by means of subvector homotheticity

Summary. This paper introduces a decomposition of the Malmquist productivity index into component indexes. The motivation is to derive an analogue of the decomposition of the T?rnqvist index into productivity and quality change provided by Fixler and Zieschang (1992) to the Malmquist index. Since we employ no second order approximations, this decomposition requires additional structure, namely a generalized version of Shephard's (1970) inverse homotheticity, which we dub subvector homotheticity. We show that subvector homotheticity is necessary and sufficient for our decomposition. Received: July 10, 1998; revised version: August 11, 1999     

Measuring the road safety performance of Iranian provinces: a double-frontier DEA model and evidential reasoning approach

Abstract

Road traffic accidents are critical public issue in developing countries, and they annually waste a significant amount of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In order to urgently consider how this problem is related to the current policies, a proper safety evaluation of regional programmes in crash reduction is fundamental to the governments. The current research aims to employ a double-frontier Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to assess the productivity of Iranian regional safety programmes in reducing the number of road fatalities. The safety efficiencies of Iranian provinces are simultaneously estimated using the double frontier DEA to reflect both the optimistic and pessimistic points of view. Then, the Evidential Reasoning (ER) approach is applied to aggregate the obtained efficiency values. These provinces are ranked based on the data panel for 2014–2016. Finally, a double-frontier Malmquist productivity index (MPI) is used to comprehensively measure the safety performance of Iranian roads over a period of time.