动态域名解析及其应用

从互联网的发展及其现状出发，说明采用动态域名的原理及优点，最后给出了一个实例。     

trends in Internet-based business-to-business marketing

The Internet is changing the transactional paradigms under which businesses-to-business marketers operate. Business-to-business marketers that take advantage of the operational efficiencies and effectiveness that emerge from utilizing the Internet in transactions are outperforming firms that utilize traditional transactional processes. As an example, Dell computers, by utilizing business-to-business processes that take advantage of the Internet, has gained the largest market share in the PC business when compared to traditional manufacturers such as Compaq. This paper first examines the genesis of the Internet movement in business-to-business markets. The long-term impact of the increase of business-to-business utilization of the Internet on the marketing theory and marketing process is then discussed. Finally, managerial implications and directions for future research are highlighted.     

Stopping deforestation in the Amazon: Trade-off between ecological and economic targets?

Stopping Deforestation in the Amazon: Trade-off between Ecological and Economic Targets? —Using a computable general equilibrium model the paper analyzes the regional, sectoral and macroeconomic dimension of Brazil’s “deforestation problem”. It is shown that macroeconomic reform is not in conflict with conservation policies. Therefore, there is no need for compensation payments but rather for improving the effectiveness of conservation policies by macroeconomic reform. The analysis also shows that regional conservation policies are generally superior to sectoral conservation policies.     

Optimal abatement of sulphur emissions in Europe

This study presents a mathematical model for determining cost-effective emissions' control strategies in Europe, by minimizing sulphur abatement costs subject to different pollution control targets. The purpose is to compare the efficiency of a uniform percentage emissions reduction with a scenario that takes variation in environmental conditions into account. Underlying the proposed model is the belief that a full cost-benefit analysis of acid rain abatement is infeasible. The model focuses on the costs of abatement and provides an estimation of the gains (or losses) that countries could achieve if they co-operate in their policies rather than act independently.     

Optimal Number of Stock Holdings in Mutual Fund Portfolios Based on Market Performance

Among the decisions that most mutual fund portfolio managers make is the number of stocks to hold. We posit that there is an optimal number of stocks for each mutual fund, reflecting the trade‐off between diversification benefits versus transactions and monitoring costs. We find a significant quadratic relation between number of stock holdings and risk‐adjusted returns for U.S. equity mutual fund portfolios during 1992–2000. Moreover, we find that changes in the number of stocks held over time are more highly correlated with mutual fund flows than with funds' investment returns.     

Market entry,privatization and bank performance in transition1

This paper examines how market entry and privatization have affected the margins and marginal costs of banks in the post‐communist transition. We estimate bank revenue and cost functions, allowing the estimated parameters to change over time. In the first sub‐period (1995–98), we find that privatized banks earned higher margins than other banks, while foreign start‐ups had lower marginal costs. In the third sub‐period (2002–2004), foreign banks remained low marginal cost service providers, while privatized domestic banks had the widest margins. Subtracting marginal costs from margins to calculate mark‐ups, an indication of demand for services, shows that initially privatized banks had the largest mark‐ups. However, by the third sub‐period, differences among private banks diminished. In comparison to private banks, state banks persistently under‐performed in controlling costs and attracting demand. Our evidence therefore indicates that foreign bank entry promoted lower costs and that privatization and market entry encouraged more demand for services.     

The European Union's debt question: A conceptional viewpoint

The state can be conceived as an organization to protect personal freedom and to provide public goods. Consequently, we expect a constitution to consist of two different sets of rules; rules on personal freedom and rules for making collective decisions on public goods (mostly budgetary rules). The constitution of the European Union as laid down in the treaty of Maastricht (1992) provides both types of rules, but the emphasis is mainly on the former rules. This paper investigates budgetary rules, in particular the welfare economic logic of deficit spending.     

Community Energy Taxation to Limit CO2 and Price Distortions: Spain as a Pilot Study

Within the framework of the European Community's policy response to the risks of global climate change, the Commission is analyzing the options for using a mixed energy and CO2 tax as one policy instrument in a package of measures. The taxes planned to cut CO2 emissions are designed as a production tax on energy products, based on their fuel content or, in the case of a CO2 tax, on the CO2 content. Although the precise tax rate has not yet been confirmed, that of US$10 per barrel seems to be the most probable. Against this background, the aim of the study is to investigate, on the basis of the input–output model, the effects of both a general energy and a CO2 tax on the producer prices of the different economic sectors in Spain as a case-study. Additionally, the paper attempts to shed some light on other related issues, such as the evaluation of the effects of energy and CO2 taxes on domestic goods' competitiveness with respect to other non-Community countries.     

Fortune 500 manufacturer web sites: Innovative marketing strategies or cyberbrochures?

Forecasts for business-to-business electronic commerce over the next few years are in the trillions. Manufacturers represent a significant portion of business-to-business activity and their web sites an integral component of business-to-business electronic commerce. Should they choose to, manufacturers can use their web sites not only to conduct electronic commerce but also to engage in a wide range of marketing communications. Marketing communication activities include advertising, sales promotion, public relations, and direct marketing. The results of our content analysis of 188 Fortune 500 manufacturer web sites indicated that few manufacturers use a broad range of marketing communications activities. Analysis of differences in the use of marketing communications on web sites suggests that some aspects of web site marketing communications differ based on manufacturer characteristics such as sales, R&D to sales ratio, and net income.     

美军新一代信息化装备--"蓝军跟踪系统"(FBCB2/BFT)发展综述

美国陆军的“21世纪部队旅及旅以下作战指挥／蓝军跟踪系统”（FBCB2／BFT）是一种新型的数字化作战指挥控制信息系统。在2003年的伊拉克战争中，该系统首次投入实战，对作战指挥和防止误伤起到了非常积极有效的作用。介绍了BFT的演变历程、工作原理、系统组成、主要功能。分析了美军BFT的关键技术、近期的改进工作和未来发展方向。