Dynamics of the Market for Corporate Tax‐Avoidance Advice*

This paper addresses the debate over aggressive tax‐planning models and analyzes the role of tax consultants. It focuses on the dynamic interaction between innovation and imitation of aggressive tax‐planning products and governmental tax regulation, and it highlights the importance of the length of regulatory lag in comparison with the time it takes the tax‐consulting industry to imitate newly innovated tax‐avoidance products. It reveals an alignment of interests between highly innovative tax‐consulting firms and the governmental tax legislator/regulator. The conclusions are also relevant for the policy debate on mandatory disclosure rules about aggressive tax‐planning models.     

创业生态系统视角下的"三农"科技孵化育成体系特征与准则研究——以广清农业众创空间为例

本文基于创业生态系统的视角,分析了三农领域科技孵化育成体系的定义、特征与准则,以广清农业众创空间为例说明了"三农"科技孵化育成体系的功能实现机制,总结了其发展经验和存在不足,不仅是对现有创新创业理论的有机补充,也为乡村振兴战略下培育农村新动能提供了具有一定参考价值的实例论证.     

僵尸企业与市场资源配置效率——基于全要素生产率分布的视角

优化市场配置资源的效率不仅是提升经济发展质量的重要渠道,同时也是建设更高标准市场体系的题中之义.基于企业全要素生产率分布视角的研究发现:市场内僵尸企业所占比重越大,经济资源在正常企业之间配置的效率越低.进一步分析显示,在国有企业资产占比更高、属于劳动密集型行业的市场内,僵尸企业导致市场中经济资源错配的程度更大;而在市场化程度和市场一体化程度更高的地区,市场能够有效抵御僵尸企业引发资源错配的负面冲击.机制分析显示,僵尸企业挤占经济资源的行为更有可能打击高生产率企业,主要表现为生产率增速的大幅下滑和退出市场概率的显著增加.上述结论意味着,深化供给侧结构性改革应将祛除落后产能与优化市场资源配置有机结合,全面激发市场活力,促进经济高质量发展迈上新台阶.     

考虑碳交易的风电-抽水蓄能联合运行模式优化研究

随着"碳达峰—碳中和"的双碳目标成为国家战略,如何快速高质量的发展清洁能源成为亟待解决的问题.本文从经济性和碳排放两个角度研究了风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统的综合效益,建立了包括风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统建设成本、运维成本、备用成本和风电消纳成本四个成本指标以及联合运行效益、削峰填谷效益、网损改善效益和附加效益四个效益指标的风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统综合效益模型.同时,以风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统的综合效益最大化为目标,基于低碳交易规则,提出了风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统优化运行模式.最后,选取了IEEE 14节点系统对模型进行测试,验证了优化方法的有效性.     

柔性粗旦母丝(单丝)一步法纺牵联合机的开发

阐述了柔性粗旦母丝(单丝)纺牵联合机成套装备及工艺特点,采用涤纶、锦纶、丙纶为原料,在纤度77dtex/f-330dtex/f范围内,利用液体纺丝加熔融高速纺的原理,开发一步法全拉伸纺牵联合机装备与工艺路线,采用柔性化设计原理,对设备的选型进行配置.从而满足生产的需求.根据市场的需求进行调配该设备可柔性化生产粗旦涤纶、锦纶、丙纶的单丝,具有单个纺位高产能、短流程、高效率、低能耗、占地小等特点.     

考虑碳交易的风电-抽水蓄能联合运行模式优化研究

随着"碳达峰—碳中和"的双碳目标成为国家战略,如何快速高质量的发展清洁能源成为亟待解决的问题.本文从经济性和碳排放两个角度研究了风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统的综合效益,建立了包括风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统建设成本、运维成本、备用成本和风电消纳成本四个成本指标以及联合运行效益、削峰填谷效益、网损改善效益和附加效益四个效益指标的风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统综合效益模型.同时,以风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统的综合效益最大化为目标,基于低碳交易规则,提出了风电-抽水蓄能联合运行系统优化运行模式.最后,选取了IEEE 14节点系统对模型进行测试,验证了优化方法的有效性.     

加征关税如何影响美国贸易逆差及全球福利——基于美元本位下两国动态一般均衡框架的分析

本文构建了一个包含美元本位特征的两国模型,在此基础上分析了美国加征关税及引发的贸易摩擦对美国贸易逆差和全球福利的影响,并详细探讨了相关传导机制。在基准模型设定下,美国单方面加征20%关税会使得美国贸易逆差占GDP比重小幅缩小约0.40个百分点,美国长期稳态GDP下降约2.50%,其他国家GDP下降约1.10%,美国居民福利上升约0.60%,其他国家居民福利下降约1.20%。美国单方面加征关税在抑制全球贸易和生产的同时,会通过更加不公平的国际贸易恶化全球福利分配。当其他国家采取报复性措施时,其他国家自身福利并不会进一步恶化,但美国福利会大幅下滑,同时美国贸易逆差相对规模变化不大。贸易摩擦博弈的“囚徒困境”特征在一定程度上能够解释贸易战的发生。削弱美元本位地位能促进国际贸易公平性的提升,进而能减弱贸易摩擦带来的负面影响、提升全球福利水平,并能有效缩窄美国贸易逆差。     

Understanding precedents for frontline employee turnover in luxury hotels: Emotional intelligence as a unifying factor

Current turnover research fails to serve the needs of an industry that is long plagued by employee turnover. Existing literature focuses more on evaluating bundles of human resource practices and fail to provide precise and clear guidance for practitioners. This study proposes that emotional intelligence (EI) unifies sufficient individual factors and organizational factors that affect employee turnover and serves as a single significant precedent for turnover. Data were collected from frontline employees at eight luxury hotels. The direct, indirect, and total impacts of employee EI on employee turnover were tested by structural equation modeling and bootstrap tests. The results suggest that EI has significant indirect impacts through the mediation of perceived organizational support, pay satisfaction and job burnout, and significant total impacts on turnover. Implication suggestions include integrating EI into the recruiting process for new employees and providing training opportunities for current employees to improve their EI.     

施工企业引导EPC项目初步设计策划

EPC工程总承包合同模式不同于施工总承包,通常情况下业主不提供施工图纸,业主只对工程的功能性提出相应要求.承包商可以综合协调建筑的使用功能、结构安全、工期、成本等诸多因素,最大限度地发挥设计的主导作用,为业主提供优质服务的同时,增加自身的盈利水平.EPC项目不论何种模式,从成本造价控制角度讲,其设计阶段管控效果要远远大于采购与施工阶段.通过商务创效引导初步设计,从源头落实商务策划,锁定工程概算,降低EPC项目设计风险,加强设计前段管理,能有效地提升项目生产经营能力.     

LEADERSHIP IN CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION: CONSEQUENCES AND INCENTIVES

Initiatives in favor of unilateral action on climate change are frequently challenged by concerns over free riding. Nevertheless, we observe an increasing number of unilateral efforts at different administrative levels and in different parts of the world. Previous academic literature described various individual mechanisms where emissions abroad may increase or decrease as a reaction to unilateral emission reductions. In this paper, we collect a comprehensive set of both positive and negative reactions and analyze them in stylized models. This allows us to identify the most important characteristics that determine the potential of a leader to boost mitigation efforts abroad. We find that this potential depends on (i) a strong ability to generate knowledge through leadership, (ii) a high degree of credibility in the international community, and (iii) a similar economic structure to the most important emitters. While most effects are difficult to quantify, this comprehensive assessment suggests that leakage effects resulting from unilateral mitigation may well be outweighed by positive reactions.