Using pre-commitment to reduce alcohol consumption: Lessons from a quasi-experiment in Thailand

Based on primary data of 453 drinkers in Thailand, this study investigates the impact of pre-commitment on alcohol consumption. It exploits the quasi-experimental nature of a social marketing campaign in Thailand implemented in 2014, where all drinkers were able to publicly pledge temporary alcohol abstention, and some but not all drinkers were provided with community-based health promotion interventions conducted by local residents. This study argues that the campaign had a pre-commitment device implicitly integrated into it; failures to follow through with the commitment were associated with mental costs of social embarrassment and weaker relationships with one's local social networks. Using a joint estimation method where the decision to pre-commit is explicitly endogenized, this study suggests that pre-commitment is effective in increasing the probabilities of temporary alcohol abstention and reduction.     

关注“90后”大学生思想特点创新高校思想政治教育方法

＂90后＂是当前大学生的主体,因成长环境的不同造成了其身上具有不同于70、80年代大学生的特性,这给高校思想政治教育带来了现实的挑战。思想政治教育者应根据＂90后＂的思想特点,创新思想政治教育方法,增强思想政治教育的针对性和实效性。     

WATER BILL ESTIMATION WHEN PRICE IS CRYPTIC: EXPERIENCE FROM WINDHOEK,NAMIBIA

For water policy to be effective, policy makers must know how water users perceive and respond to changes in water prices. However, it is not uncommon for water prices faced by consumers to be unclear. In Windhoek, Namibia, the marginal and average water price is difficult to calculate from the information provided in users' utility bills. This paper applies a hedonic pricing approach to investigate price perceptions of water users in a setting with cryptic price information. Using self‐reported water charges as the dependent variable, the pricing model utilises reported utility characteristics and other factors that may affect perceived price. Low‐income standpipe water users report a weighted average monthly charges of N$24.68, whereas users in high income segments report N$521.34. This reflects differences in service levels, possible subsidies to low‐income users and potential errors in respondents' understanding of their water price. Average price per litre (N$11.78 for the low‐use segment; N$1.89 for the highest segment of Tier 1 water use) tends to be perceived as higher by those with lower water use even though average prices in the relevant range should generally be identical.     

90后心理特点与农科院校互动式创业教育

90后已经是中国高校大学生群体的主体,90后的心理特点要求农科院校大学生创业教育向互动式教学转变,而且互动式教学的问题选择、教学内容和模式、关键支撑条件情感因素的利用等方面都需要优化。     

DEVELOPMENT PRESSURES AND HERITAGE IN THE PERTH CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT, 1950–90

This article examines the remaking of Perth's Central Business District (CBD) during the 1950–90 period. It traces the establishment of a modernist development ethos in Perth's planning, outlines the inadequacy of the City's planning regulations, and analyses the impact on St George's Terrace, the city's main commercial thoroughfare. The City Council was largely incapable of restraining excessive development and the extension of its system of plot ratios encouraged manipulation to increase the height of developments. Several important historic buildings were demolished because there were no legal means of safeguarding the city's heritage until 1990.     

On equitable social welfare functions satisfying the Weak Pareto Axiom: A complete characterization

The present paper examines the problem of aggregating infinite utility streams with a social welfare function that respects the Anonymity and Weak Pareto Axioms. The paper provides a complete characterization of domains (of the one period utilities) on which such an aggregation is possible. A social welfare function satisfying the Anonymity and Weak Pareto Axioms exists on precisely those domains that do not contain any set of the order type of the set of positive and negative integers. The criterion is applied to decide on possibility and impossibility results for a variety of domains. It is also used to provide an alternative formulation of the characterization result in terms of the accumulation points of the domain.     

论“90后”高职院校学生体育兴趣的培养

本文阐述了体育兴趣的概念及体育兴趣在体育教学中的作用,分析了"90后"学生的生理和心理方面的特点,探讨了培养"90后"高职院校学生体育兴趣的有效方法,以期充分调动"90后"高职院校学生上体育课的积极性,提高体育课教学质量,改善学生的综合素质,培养他们终身体育锻炼的意识。     

UPI与SCL-90的相关性、替代性与互补性研究

大学生心理健康问题日益严峻,本文采用UPI和SCL-90两种方法测评了湖南某高校大学生心理健康状况,结果问题严重。然后着重对两种方法进行了检验,结果发现存在显著的相关性。接着对两种方法进行了回归分析,构建了相应的回归模型,表明了UPI和SCL-90两种方法具有相应的替代性与互补性。建议高校在大学生心理测评与干预工作上,将两种方法有机地结合运用。     

OPTIMAL TRANSITION DYNAMICS IN THE LEONTIEF TWO‐SECTOR GROWTH MODEL WITH DURABLE CAPITAL: THE CASE OF CAPITAL INTENSIVE CONSUMPTION GOODS*

We present results on undiscounted optimal policies in the Leontief two‐sector growth model with durable capital. Unlike the results with a labour intensive consumption goods sector, we show that a monotonic optimal programme is only one special case out of many richer possibilities of transition dynamics. Depending on the initial capital stock, and a key parameter ζ that could be interpreted as a marginal rate of transformation of capital between today and tomorrow, an optimal programme may converge to a period‐two cycle; and even when it converges to the golden rule stock, it can do so (damped) cyclically or with a “jump”.     

天津商业大学在校大学生心理健康状况调查与分析

采用SCL-90，随机抽取天津商业大学180名在校大学生进行心理健康状况测评，结果表明：大学生的心理健康状况明显低于全国青年组常模（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），有中重度心理问题的检出率为10．62％；并在人际关系敏感、焦虑两个因子上存在着显著性的性别差异（p〈0．05），且从总体上来说，男生的心理健康状况好于女生；在高、低年级之间没有心理健康状况的显著差异，但发现年级不同，心理问题的偏向有所不同。并在进一步分析大学生心理健康问题成因的基础上，提出从心理健康教育课程体系的建构、心理咨询、心理健康调查与跟踪和校园精神文化建设等途径加强大学生心理健康教育。