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1.
Augustin Kwasi Fosu 《The Review of Black Political Economy》1987,15(3):41-55
This article examines the earnings position of black females relative to white males for the post-1964 period. It finds that
over 70 percent of the 1965–78 growth in black female relative median earnings remains after controlling for previous trends,
education, and cyclical and labor supply changes. For full-time, year-round workers, the post-1964 trend independently implies
a growth rate about 50 percent higher than that actually observed. Approximately one-half of the gains are attributable to
race and the rest to the interaction of race and sex. The study finds no support for the censoring hypothesis that allocates
a substantial portion of the growth to labor supply decreases. While it suggests occupational mobility to be nonextraneous
in the earnings equation, the author argues that the black female now faces a mobility constraint more formidable than previously. 相似文献
2.
C. Robert Clark Ignatius J. Horstmann 《Journal of Economics & Management Strategy》2005,14(2):377-401
Many advertised products are established and have little quality variation. For these products advertising signaling explanations are unconvincing. We develop a coordination model of advertising with consumers observing ads probabilistically and never observing advertising levels. Consumers who fail to see an ad for a product believe it will likely have low sales and so be of low value. Firms advertise to avoid these beliefs. The model's predictions on advertising, market share, and profitability are consistent with observed outcomes. The model produces the time series behavior for prices and market share observed in the data and not available from existing coordination models. 相似文献
3.
This paper provides evidence on how corporate multinationality from the perspective of acquiring firms relates to M&A returns. Using multivariate regressions and a large dataset of over 6,000 M&As (both cross-border and domestic) by UK firms during 1987 to 2014, the paper finds multinationality to be associated with significantly higher short-run announcement returns and long-run operating performance. While the multinationality premium (higher M&A returns for multinationals) persists over time, it seems to be restricted to firms with superior resource/managerial capabilities and minimal agency problems. Finally, the multinationality premium appears to be driven by foreign acquisitions into advanced economies. The results are robust to correcting for sample selection bias and controlling for several firm and deal characteristics, as well as accounting for firm-, industry-, and year-fixed effects. Collectively, the findings imply that multinationality could be a source of value creation for acquiring firms, particularly in foreign acquisitions, which tend to be complex, and, thereby, require superior managerial capabilities to succeed. 相似文献
4.
Augustin Kwasi Fosu 《Revue africaine de developpement》2010,22(3):378-393
Abstract: In the light of the current global financial and economic crises, how would governments in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) allocate their budgets across sectors in response to a binding debt‐servicing constraint? Within a framework of public‐expenditure choice, the present paper estimates constraint‐consistent debt‐service ratios and employs them in a Seemingly Unrelated Regression involving a five‐year panel for up to 35 African countries over 1975–94, a period preceding the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiatives. While observed debt service is found to be a poor predictor of expenditure allocation, constraining debt servicing shifts spending away from the social sector, with similar impacts on education and health. The implied partial elasticity of the sector's expenditure share with respect to debt is estimated at 1.5, the highest responsiveness by far among all the explanatory variables considered, including external aid. Thus, if the social sector is to be protected, sufficient debt relief for SSA countries should be pursued. 相似文献
5.
6.
Augustin Kwasi Fosu 《The Review of Black Political Economy》1995,24(1):45-64
The study theoretically argues that differential economic conditions constitute an important rationale for structural differences in labor force participation (LFP) between black and white married women. Empirical evidence based on 1980 census data for metropolitan statistical areas provides support for the concomitant hypotheses. Not only is the LFP propensity for black wives larger, but also it is relatively insensitive to the arguments of the LFP function. Thus policies designed to influence the LFP of these two racial groups must internalize the differential economic conditions between them. 相似文献
7.
Augustin Kwasi Fosu 《American journal of economics and sociology》2010,69(3):1034-1053
The present study examines the extent to which income distribution affects the ability of economic growth to reduce poverty, based on 1990s data for a sample of rural and urban sectors of African economies. Using the basic‐needs approach, an analysis‐of‐covariance model is derived and estimated, with the headcount, gap, and squared gap poverty ratios serving as the respective dependent variables, and the Gini coefficient and PPP‐adjusted incomes as explanatory variables. The study finds that the responsiveness of poverty to income growth is a decreasing function of inequality, albeit at varying rates for the three poverty measures: lowest for the headcount, followed by the gap and fastest for the squared gap. The ranges for the income elasticity in the sample are estimated at: 0.02–0.68, 0.11–1.05, and 0.10–1.35, respectively, for these poverty measures. Furthermore while, on average, the responsiveness of poverty to income growth appears to be the same between the rural and urban sectors, there are substantial sectoral differences across countries. The results suggest the need for country‐specific emphases on growth relative to inequality. 相似文献
8.
PROMETHEE Group Decision Support System and the House of Quality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Majid Behzadian Seyyed-Mahdi Hosseini-Motlagh Joshua Ignatius Mark Goh Mohammad Mehdi Sepehri 《Group Decision and Negotiation》2013,22(2):189-205
Quality function deployment (QFD) is a multi-step method that monitors customer needs throughout a product development process. The House of Quality (HOQ) exercise undertaken in the first phase of QFD is considered as the most important, since customer needs must be accurately translated into a set of technical requirements for the final product. This paper provides a PROMETHEE group decision support system (GDSS) approach that integrates the design preferences of the QFD team. We highlight the selection and ranking of the technical requirements in the HOQ exercise, where a group of multidisciplinary decision makers (DMs) in a globally dispersed QFD team is required to input their individual preferences. Our approach advances the HOQ group decision making context in three important areas. First, it treats each criterion and DM as unique in terms of the preference function and threshold levels. Second, it seeks a multi-criteria approach for the HOQ process, where some DMs may play a more important role than others on a certain criterion. Third, sensitivity analysis through the Geometrical Analysis for Interactive Assistance (GAIA) plane provides valuable information about the conflicts, similarities, or independencies between the criterion and the DMs, respectively. A case on an automotive part illustrates the performance of the PROMOTHEE approach with GAIA. 相似文献
9.
Augustin Kwasi Fosu 《Oxford Development Studies》2013,41(4):363-377
The paper explores the implications of the external debt-servicing constraint for public health spending in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where the health challenges have been great and debt servicing particularly burdensome. Using 1975–94 5-year panel data for 35 African countries, the study finds that although actual debt servicing has little impact, a binding debt-servicing constraint that reflects the debt burden would shift expenditure away from health. Although increases in external aid and constraints on the government executive tend to divert spending in favour of health, the debt-burden effect is dominant. The paper also uncovers an upward trend in public health spending, a result that appears to contradict the popular belief that the structural adjustment programmes undertaken in many SSA countries as of the 1980s may have reduced government expenditure on health. 相似文献
10.
Augustin Kwasi Fosu 《Oxford Development Studies》2013,41(1):9-19
In the light of the increasing attention on human development (HD) as well as the importance of political instability (PI) in economic performance, this paper examines the role of PI in the transformation of economic growth to HD. It finds that élite PI—the frequency of coups d'état in sub-Saharan Africa—adversely affected the transformation of economic growth to HD, measured as the change in an index of life expectancy and literacy, between 1970 and 1985. Coupled with an additional indirect negative effect on GDP growth, élite PI is found to have engendered a significant adverse impact on HD. 相似文献