我国天然气专业技术标准的现状与设想

概括了我国天然气专业技术标准发展的现状，并通过与国际标准和国外先进标准比较，以及针对现场分析中存在的问题，提出了应采用完善《天然气专业标准体系表》，加快与国际接轨和“采标”的速度等办法来推动我国天然气专业标准化工作的发展。     

新疆棉农对农业面源污染防治的态度和支付意愿研究

农业面源污染问题已经成为我国面临的最严重的环境污染问题之一,农户对农业面源污染防治的态度和支付意愿研究,对于政府制定相关政策措施意义重大。分别采用李克特五点量表、条件价值评估法、多元有序Logistic模型回归等方法对(1)棉农对农业面源污染防治的态度,(2)棉农对农业面源污染防治的支付意愿(WTP),(3)影响棉农支付意愿的社会经济因素进行研究。结果表明:新疆棉农对农业面源污染防治的态度非常积极,但是当与自身利益相冲突时,则趋向于以牺牲环境为代价;新疆每户棉农对农业面源污染防治的支付意愿是113.96元/年,49.64%的被调查者选择的支付区间是[12,60)元/年,累计百分比占70.65%;农户的教育水平和是否参加过农业专业合作组织是新疆农户农业面源污染防治支付意愿的主要影响因素。基于此,得出结论并提出相应的对策建议。     

中国二手硬件市场分析

二手硬件市场作为一种新兴的市场,由于其价格低、入手易的特点越来越受到人们的关注,然而它的市场供求机制还不是很明确。论文对二手硬件市场供求平衡以及价格的形成做了系统的分析,在此基础上探讨了该市场目前出现的问题和解决的方法。     

中小学生职业生涯规划教育的构建与实施

培养教育学生,为其引领人生和职业发展方向,是教育者义不容辞的责任。从这个意义上讲,中小学职业生涯规划教育尤显重要。本文试图在得出中小学学生职业规划教育概念的基础上,从实施者、阶段化实施两个层面提出实施的途径与方法,以促进中小学学生更好地成长与发展。     

A Theory of Tenure for the Teaching University

In this paper we challenge the presumption that academic tenure is an outmoded institutional form for the small teaching university. Starting from the premise that tenure is granted on the basis of research (reflected in a minimum required number of publications), we argue that tenure has value for a university concerned solely with teaching (as opposed to research) because research enhances human capital and incentives for its accumulation are necessary to improve the quality of faculty teaching over the lifecycle. However, while human capital accumulation and research effort create future value, contracting on either basis is not feasible because neither can be measured objectively. Numbers of publications, the usual proxy for research, meter the desired activity only imperfectly due to randomness in the publication process. In these circumstances, an employment contract that offers tenure, compared with contracts that a) reward only teaching and b) supplement teaching payments with a direct reward for publications, can better generate the optimal level of human capital. The minimum publication requirement of the tenure contract induces the optimal level of research with less variation in expected income, avoiding inefficient behavioural responses to the greater riskiness of a contract rewarding only realised publications.     

Venture Capital Networks and Investment Performance in China

We investigate the relationship between venture capital (VC) networks and investment performance in China. Distinct features of China's VC networks are captured in our econometric model through the inclusion of an index of network stability and a dummy variable that indicates a VC firm's connections with the Chinese state. Our econometric analysis shows that a VC firm's position in its network, its network stability and close connections with the state all contribute to its investment performance. Comparison with the findings in Hochberg et al. (2007) indicates that networks are more important for investment performance in China than in the US. Moreover, our analysis suggests that familiarity with local culture and customs and understanding of the idiosyncrasies of China's markets and institutions are important for the success of a VC firm in China.     

Unemployment and product market competition in a Cournot model with efficiency wages

This paper analyzes the impact of product market competition on unemployment, wage and welfare in a model where unemployment is caused by the efficiency wage consideration and oligopolistic firms compete in quantity. It is shown that while more intense competition in the product market increases output and reduces price, it does not necessarily lead to a lower unemployment rate or a higher wage for workers. Depending on the technologies, the relationship between the intensity of competition and the level of employment (respectively, wage, welfare) is not always monotonic, and, in some instances, has an inverted U‐shape.     

Unemployment and welfare consequences of international outsourcing under monopolistic competition

This paper challenges the conventional academic view that international outsourcing is just another form of gainful trade. Contrary to that view, we show that labour‐service outsourcing can reduce the high‐wage country's welfare even when product‐market trade is beneficial, within a model that combines involuntary unemployment and monopolistic competition. Outsourcing's impact on welfare is worsened by a definite loss of jobs and a possible contraction in the range of varieties produced worldwide. While owners of capital benefit from outsourcing under certain conditions, labour's welfare always falls.     

Adoption of new technology by a lagging country: Leapfrogging or no leapfrogging?

The emergence of a new and superior technology presents a technologically lagging country with an opportunity to leapfrog the leading country. The adoption of new technology, however, does not guarantee that the lagging country will leapfrog the leader. Under certain conditions firms in the lagging country are not able to exploit the full potential of the new technology. Consequently, the adoption only narrows the productivity gap between the two countries. However, the lagging country can ensure leapfrogging by temporarily closing its door to the imports from the leading country.     

Price dispersion in a model of identical agents with perfect information

Abstract. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that price dispersion is possible even in a world of perfect information and identical consumers and firms. The driving force in the model is service capacity and congestion cost. Each firm chooses a service capacity. Customers of a firm bear a congestion cost which, for a fixed service capacity, is an increasing function of the number of customers served by this firm. We demonstrate that under certain conditions the combined profit of two firms and the total surplus are higher in a price-dispersion equilibrium than in a single-price equilibrium.