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1.
Hidetoshi Murakami 《Statistica Neerlandica》2014,68(4):267-275
Calculating the probability of the corresponding significance point is important for finite sample sizes. However, it is difficult to evaluate this probability when the sample sizes are moderate to large. Under these circumstances, consideration of a more accurate approximation for the distribution function is extremely important. Herein, we performed a saddlepoint approximation in the upper tails for the distribution of the sum of independent non‐identically uniform random variables under finite sample sizes. Saddlepoint approximation results were compared with those for a normal approximation. Additionally, the order of errors of the saddlepoint approximation was derived. © 2014 The Authors. Statistica Neerlandica © 2014 VVS. 相似文献
2.
Chikako Keumi Hideki Murakami 《Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review》2012,48(5):1023-1031
We empirically study passenger modal-choice behavior to access an international hub airport, by using stated preference (SP) data and by constructing a binomial logit model. We found that passenger modal choice is affected by the service level of the access modes: travel time, travel cost, waiting time, and delay cost. The results also indicate that if passengers choose access mode in advance they consider service frequency: departure timing from home, and the arrival timing at the airport. Moreover, our results indicate that travelers’ willingness to pay for saving time differs by time of a day. They are apt to pay more in the morning than in the afternoon. These outcomes must contribute to improve the access flight service from local to hub airports to handle the needs of passengers. 相似文献
3.
Hideki Yamawaki 《Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade》2004,4(2):135-153
This paper provides new evidence on exit patterns of European and U.S. firms in Japanese manufacturing industries. Specifically, the paper tests two sets of hypotheses: (1) Japans distinctive business institutions and practices work against foreign firms and constitute a barrier to operate in Japan; and (2) the international configuration of business activities of foreign firms determines their post-entry performance in Japan. Using a new sample of 366 subsidiaries established during the 1973–1994 period in Japan, the paper finds, most importantly, that the exit pattern of foreign firms in Japan is influenced significantly by the industry-specific factors that determine infant mortalities and the subsidiary-specific factors that determine the subsidiarys international activities. On the contrary, this paper finds that Japans distinctive business practices are less likely to affect the exit pattern. 相似文献
4.
Micro-foundation for a constant elasticity of substitution production function through mechanization
We consider an increase in the range of capital use as a form of mechanization. A constant elasticity of substitution (CES) production function is dynamically derived from Leontief production functions through the endogenous complementary relationship between capital accumulation and mechanization. This implies that a CES production function can be resolved into technological change that does not involve changes in total factor productivity. Furthermore, using the normalizing procedure of the CES production function developed by de La Grandville [de La Grandville, O., 1989. In quest of the Slutsky diamond. American Economic Review 79, 468–481], we investigate how mechanization is related to the elasticity of substitution in our endogenous growth model. 相似文献
5.
Etsuo Mizukami Ikuyo Morimoto Kana Suzuki Hiroko Otsuka Hideki Kashioka Satoshi Nakamura 《Group Decision and Negotiation》2009,18(3):279-298
In this study we investigated the nature of disagreement, which is a necessary component of a good discussion. We obtained
27 group discussion scenes by Japanese undergraduates that were evaluated by two ways: impression rating and ranking. As a
result of factor analysis for the impression rating data, five factors were extracted: activeness, multidirection and unification
of discussion, relationships of participants, development and sophistication of discussion, and sincerity of the participants, and each factor scores of each scene was simultaneously calculated. Each scene’s rank score was also calculated by relative
comparisons. A significant positive correlation was found between the mean factor and the rank scores except for Factor 3
(relationships of participants). To consider the reason for the difference relating to Factor 3’s score, we scrutinized the discussion process of four scenes
of the different patterns of the factor and rank scores. From the analysis of conversations, we suggested that this difference
reflected ways of disagreement. By introducing a probative discourse tags for discussion (pDTD), we reasoned that the frequency
of disagreement made Factor 3’s score negative and the absence of the second part of adjacency pairs made the rank score worse.
The explicit speech and actions of blame such as emotional and aggressive expression, and neglect of treatment for the minor
opinion made also the discussion unfair, but we think that these behaviors might erupt from the ground made by the accumulated
implicit behaviors such as the absence of the second part. We finally concluded that the criticism type of disagreement increased the rank scores, and its censure type produced lower results, and the proper ways of disagreement in group discussions were discussed. 相似文献
6.
This paper proposes a new methodology of evaluating industrial R&D projects to assess the effectiveness of future R&D in terms of financial credibility, to prioritize them efficiently by clear criteria to reduce the time and burden consumed by both project leaders and management staffs. A new methodology has been developed and applied to all Sumitomo Electric Industries (SEI) R&D projects, and is recognized as a useful system for evaluating many R&D projects in a short period, such as 150 projects per month. 相似文献
7.
As the number, size, and complexity of Japanese multinational companies' (MNCs) overseas operations increase, many of them have begun to realize that they face some fundamental and difficult organizational challenges. Drawing on research undertaken with several large and successful Japanese MNCs, the authors define the nature and source of some of these organizational challenges, and describe some approaches that can be taken to resolving them. The article starts with a brief assessment of the traditional organizational capabilities and existing managerial approaches of Japanese companies, comparing them to the emerging challenges in the international environment. Then, after identifying some constraints and barriers to an effective response to the new demands, the authors propose a series of actions to overcome the problems. 相似文献
8.
Takaaki Ohnishi Hideki Takayasu Takatoshi Ito Yuko Hashimoto Tsutomu Watanabe Misako Takayasu 《Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination》2008,3(1):99-106
We empirically investigate price fluctuations of yen-dollar exchange rate using the high-frequency data recorded in the electronic
broking system for seven-year period. The distribution of quote price changes has symmetric fat-tails approximated by a power
law; however, that of deal price is asymmetrical. The autocorrelation function and diffusion of price changes indicate that
quote price exhibits anti-correlation feature in short time scale, whereas deal price is essentially uncorrelated. The bid-ask
spread shows power-law distribution and long range temporal correlations similar to that observed in absoute price changes.
相似文献
9.
10.
Takaaki Ohnishi Hideki Takayasu Misako Takayasu 《Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination》2010,5(2):171-180
Firms build business relationships during economic activities. The goal of this paper is to clarify production mechanisms
and economic functions by identifying characteristic patterns of inter-firm interactions. In this paper, we empirically analyze
an inter-firm network consisting of about one million firms and four million directed links, in order to specify network motifs,
which are small subgraphs that occur more frequently than expected in a randomly generated network. We found that V-shaped
triads are network motifs, while feedforward and feedback loop are anti-motifs. By defining roles in the subgraph according
to structural equivalence, we also detected the significance profile of roles characterizing the industry sector. The taxonomy
of industries obtained from the profiles is economically meaningful. These empirical findings may serve to provide an easily
interpretable view of the entire inter-firm network and to improve the efficiency and safety of economic systems. 相似文献