排序方式: 共有16条查询结果,搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
M. Niaz Asadullah 《Oxford Development Studies》2016,44(2):152-166
This paper examines traditional Islamic school (i.e. madrasah) attendance as a determinant of social attitudes among secondary-schooled adolescents in rural Bangladesh. Although both recognized and traditional madrasah-enrolled adolescents show greater support for charity, we find no evidence that traditional madrasah attendance promotes “trust in others”. Attendance at recognized madrasahs, which use a state-approved curriculum, however, significantly increases social trust. The madrasah–trust connection is not explained by the role of teachers’ attitudes towards trust or professional background. Nor do we find evidence that the absence of an effect of traditional madrasah attendance on social trust is driven by their geographic locations. Given the differences between the two groups in terms of stated social preferences, our analysis warns against the practice of lumping state-recognized madrasahs and traditional madrasahs into one category. 相似文献
2.
Mansoor Niaz 《Quality and Quantity》2007,41(3):429-445
Most qualitative researchers do not recommend generalization from qualitative studies, as this research is not based on random
samples and statistical controls. The objective of this study is to explore the degree to which in-service teachers understand
the controversial aspects of generalization in both qualitative and quantitative educational research and as to how this can
facilitate problems faced by the teachers in the classroom. The study is based on 83 participants who had registered for a
10-week course on ‘Methodology of Investigation in Education’ as part of their Master’s degree program. The course is based
on 11 readings drawing on a philosophy of science perspective (positivism, constructivism, Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos). Course
activities included written reports, class room discussions based on participants’ presentations, and written exams. Based
on the results obtained it is concluded: (1) almost 91% of the teachers agreed that external generalization in a different
social context is feasible; (2) almost 63% of the participants used a fairly inconsistent approach, that is in a theoretical
context agreed that qualitative research cannot be generalized and still when asked with respect to the experience of two
particular teachers, agreed that generalization was possible; (3) almost 28% of the participants used a consistent approach.
Some of the reasons provided by the participants as to why generalization was feasible are discussed. An analogy is drawn
with respect to Piaget’s methodology, viz., it was not based on random samples or statistical treatments and still his oeuvre has been generalized (criticisms not withstanding) in both the psychology and educational literature. 相似文献
3.
4.
Muhammad Asif Muhammad Usman Awan Muhammad Khalid Khan Niaz Ahmad 《Quality and Quantity》2013,47(4):1883-1904
Total quality management (TQM) is widely recognised as a management philosophy for improving customer satisfaction and organisational performance. However, there is no consensus over the critical success factors of TQM, in particular, in higher education (HE) and developing countries. Literature shows mixed results on the success and applicability of TQM principles in education, thus, underlining the need to revisit the application of TQM principles in HE. This paper identifies the critical success factors of TQM in Pakistani universities. Data was collected from faculty members of universities through questionnaires. The findings reveal that ‘leadership’, ‘vision’, ‘measurement and analysis’, ‘process control and evaluation’, ‘programs design and resources allocation’ and ‘stakeholder focus’ emerge as the critical success factors of TQM in HE. The findings have implications at macro, meso, and micro levels of HE. 相似文献
5.
This study examines the impacts of inventory and financial instability on the basis of the crude oil market. The results show that, first, the basis rises with inventory, and this effect is higher during low inventory regimes. This validates the theory of storage in the crude oil market. Second, the basis rises with financial instability, and this effect is higher during turbulent regimes. These results warn the oil market participants that, to make decisions based on the basis variation, traditionally known as a signal of scarcity or abundance, the underlying cause of the variation has to be considered. 相似文献
6.
M. Niaz Asadullah 《Journal of Asian Economics》2009,20(1):77-86
This paper documents wage differentials between private and public school graduates in Bangladesh and Pakistan. While evidence in support of a wage advantage of private school graduates in Bangladesh is lacking, Pakistani private school graduates are found to earn more than their public school counterparts. This finding has important implications for the current debate over the effectiveness of private schools in South Asia. To the extent the wage premium arises owing to education in private schools, our result suggests relative superiority of private schools in Pakistan and are consistent with extant studies that have assessed private school quality using test scores of students. The difference in the performance of private schools in the two countries, however, remains a puzzle. This difference, we conjecture, may be partly explained by the between-country differences in public policy towards private schools and, therefore, the regulatory regime facing these schools. 相似文献
7.
Mansoor Niaz 《Quality and Quantity》2009,43(4):535-551
There is considerable controversy in educational research with respect to the use of qualitative and quantitative data and
as to what constitutes scientific research. The objective of this study is to explore the degree to which in-service teachers
understand the difference between qualitative/quantitative data and methods, validity/authenticity, generalization and how
these can be used to solve problems faced by the teachers. The study is based on 84 participants who had registered for a
10-week course on Methodology of Investigation in Education, as part of their Master’s degree program. The course is based
on 11 readings drawing on a history and philosophy of science perspective (positivism, constructivism, Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos).
Course activities included written reports, class room discussions based on participants’ presentations, and written exams.
Based on the results obtained it is concluded: (a) Most participants understood that the problem to be investigated precedes
the method and determines the methodology to be used; (b) As all observations are theory-laden, it is preferable that interpretations
based on both qualitative and quantitative data be allowed to compete in order to provide validity to our research findings;
(c) The difference between validity and authenticity was controversial and most participants considered the need for interpreting
data and hence favored authenticity; (d) Discussions led to the idea of ‘degrees of validity’ as both validity in the quantitative
sense and authenticity in the qualitative sense, ultimately depend on critical appraisals of the community; (e) Generalizability
of results obtained from qualitative studies was a controversial topic and most participants agreed that it is not desirable
to generalize; (f) Discussions suggested an alternative: In both qualitative and quantitative research generalizability is
possible, provided we are willing to grant that our conceptions/theories are not entirely grounded in empirical evidence but
rather on the degree to which the community can uphold such a consensus; (g) Most teachers considered the use of participant
observation in qualitative research as non-controversial. Class discussions led to the understanding that emphasizing observations
may lead us to the Aristotelian ideal of empirical science; (h) Formulation of hypotheses, manipulation of variables, and
the quest for causal variables was considered by many teachers to be equivalent to the scientific method. Discussions facilitated
the understanding that this led to idealization and thus helped to reduce the complexity of a problem. 相似文献
8.
Niaz Mahmud Zafri Ahmed Aflan Prithul Ivee Baral Moshiur Rahman 《International journal of injury control and safety promotion》2020,27(3):300-307
Abstract Although the rate of road crashes and their severity is relatively higher in developing countries, there is still a lack of research on pedestrian-vehicle crash severity in these contexts, particularly in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the contributing environmental, road, and vehicular factors that influenced pedestrian—single-vehicle crash severity in Dhaka, a megacity and the capital of Bangladesh. A binary logistic regression model was developed in this study by analyzing a data set of pedestrian—single-vehicle crashes involving casualties in Dhaka from 2010 to 2015. The model identified seven significant factors influencing pedestrian-vehicle crash severity. Significant factors increasing the likelihood of fatal crashes included crashes during adverse weather, dawn/dusk period, night period (where street light was absent), off-peak period, crashes where road divider was unavailable, road geometry was straight and flat, and crashes those were occurred by heavier vehicles. Besides, crashes at three-legged intersections were less likely to be fatal. Both similarities and differences were found among the significant factors influencing pedestrian-vehicle crash severity in Dhaka from the findings of the developed countries. The findings of this study would help transport engineers and planners to design safer roadways for both pedestrians and vehicles. 相似文献
9.
Rokhaya Dieye Ahmed Bounfour Altay Ozaygen Niaz Kammoun 《Risk Management & Insurance Review》2020,23(2):183-208
This paper estimates the macroeconomic losses related to the cyber‐attacks originating from the information and communications technology (ICT) and the financial sectors. The study accounts for the interdependency of various economic sectors and looks to the cascading effect of cyber‐attacks on production network in the United States and leading Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries with the help of the input–output methodology and the World Input–Output Database. Our results suggest that cyber‐attacks that affect the ICT and finance sectors result in losses which also impact different economic sectors, due to cascading effects. 相似文献
10.
This paper addresses a popular debate on teacher pay in a developing country context, namely whether teachers are under-paid or over-paid. Using national level household survey data from Bangladesh, we find that teachers are significantly under-paid in comparison to non-teachers who possess similar human capital and other observed characteristics. A decomposition exercise of the teacher non-teacher wage gap reveals that the teacher non-teacher salary difference is driven mostly by differential returns to observed characteristics. Our results suggest that there is some equity justification for allowing an “across-the-board” increase in teacher pay particularly for female, rural and aided school teachers in Bangladesh. 相似文献