印度油气供需现状及2025年远景规划

印度目前70％的原油需要进口。预计2011－2012年，石油需求量将由现在的每年1．12亿万吨增至1．9亿万吨。根据印度政府2001年3月制定的《2025年印度油气发展规划》，印度的油气勘探开发部门将在加强已勘探盆地油气勘探开发的同时，扩大对未勘探盆地和油气边缘盆地的勘探；继续实施高度自由的新勘探许可证政策，到2005年使印度超过25％的沉积盆地得到勘探；投资3亿美元，用于提高大型老油田的采收率；鼓励印度国有和私有石油公司参与海外油气勘探开发，并欢迎外国石油公司以各种形式参与印度国内油田的勘探开发活动；提高炼油能力和产品服务水平，促进市场竞争，分阶段取消油品的行政定价机制，实行市场定价；大力推动天然气的消费利用，在努力提高本国天然气产量的同时，允许各石油公司开发液化天然气进口项目；开放了7个煤层气区块，推进煤层气的勘探开发。     

Creating and sustaining a strategic partnership: A model for human resource development

Human resource development (HRD) leaders have been challenged to become strategic business partners in order to link people, strategy, and performance. In spite of a critical need, there has not been an empirically testable systemic framework that pulls together the wide variety of strategic imperatives that have been suggested. This article presents a conceptual model identifying the essential system elements that provide a framework for how HRD might create and then sustain its full leadership potential as a strategic partner.     

The effects of knowledge interaction for business innovation

The objective of this paper is to examine the effects of knowledge interaction on different types of business innovation. We first identified three indicators that reflect on the quality of the interaction between customers and technological knowledge, and then classified business innovations as product innovation, problem-solving innovation, or general innovation capability. Hypotheses about the impact of different qualities of knowledge interaction on business innovations were tested by collecting data from 178 high-technology firms in Taiwan. The results revealed that product innovation requires both wide-ranging and deep interaction between customers and technological knowledge, that problem-solving innovation requires either wide-ranging or deeper interaction between customers and technological knowledge, and that wide-ranging knowledge interaction is the most important driver for building general innovation capability. The research results enhance our understanding of knowledge interaction, with a special focus on the content and quality of the knowledge interactions within an enterprise. It also helps business managers in allocating resources and facilitating interorganizational communications for different situations related to innovation.     

Significant Choice and Crisis Decision Making: MeritCare’s Public Communication in the Fen–Phen Case

This study examines the communication strategies employed by MeritCare’s public relations staff during the fen–phen case. The ethic of significant choice was the primary lens for the study. The study revealed that MeritCare’s public relations staff members believed they did, in fact, follow the ethic of significant choice. Specifically, they perceived that the biases held by staff helped maintain the public’s safety as the primary issue during the fen–phen events. They also believed that their communication strategies allowed them to avoid ambiguity and emotionalized language. Finally, the staff members felt that teaming with Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota enabled them to influence the marketplace of ideas by capitalizing on the credible standing of Mayo Clinic.Renae A. Streifel (M.A., North Dakota State University) is a public relations specialist for the MeritCare Hospital group in Fargo, North Dakota. She studied the MeritCare case for her Master’s thesis.Bethany L. Beebe (M.A., Purdue University) studies crisis communication from an organizational perspective. Shari R. Veil (Ph.D., North Dakota State University) is an assistant professor in the Gaylord College of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Oklahoma. She studies crisis communication from a public relations perspective.Timothy L. Sellnow (Ph.D., Wayne State University) is professor of communication, North Dakota State University. Along with an extensive publication record, he has worked with several US government grants which provide some of the context for his study of crisis communication from an organizational perspective.     

An empirical study on the effects of an enterprise fan page

Most major enterprises have invested in social networking to provide services, promote products, or communicate with customers. However, to date, no clear understanding on the effects of social networks on business performance has emerged. This study examines the relationship between the capability of the enterprise to manage social networks and the resultant benefits of their investing in the social network. A fan page on Facebook is the selected target of study. By analyzing the effort required to manage a fan page, we measured the fan-page managing capability by its number of fans. Then, we proposed six hypotheses for empirical examination of the causal relationship between enterprises’ social network managing capability and business benefits. The study applied two-stage data collection and testing. The first stage is to build a general understanding of the relationship between the number of fans and business revenue. Based on findings of the first stage, the study tested the hypotheses on selected global firms and sought patterns of benefits generated from the fan page. This study builds deep understanding from various aspects about fan-page effects on enterprises, and proposes that firms that provide products and services with characteristics of low-product price, short-product durability, and low-customer involvement are empirically influenced by the management of their fan pages.     

The Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on the Efficiency of the US Banking Industry: Further Evidence

Abstract:  Using the Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA), this study investigates the cost and profit efficiency effects of bank mergers on the US banking industry. We also use the non-parametric technique of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to evaluate the production structure of merged and non-merged banks. The empirical results indicate that mergers have improved the cost and profit efficiencies of banks. Further, evidence shows that merged banks have lower costs than non-merged banks because they are using the most efficient technology available (technical efficiency) as well as a cost minimizing input mix (allocative efficiency). The results suggest that there is an economic rational for future mergers in the banking industry. Finally, mergers may allow the banking industry to take advantage of the opportunities created by improved technology.     

People-driven processes in customer relationship management

Customer relationship management (CRM) is one of the most popular strategies for an organization to satisfy its customers and obtain growth profits. Much attention of the research to date, however, has been paid to strategy, implementation, and organization performance, with the people dimension in CRM being under-researched. This study attempts to investigate the importance of people-driven processes of CRM in organizations and identify factors affecting the effectiveness of people-driven CRM processes. A multiple case study approach was applied and in-depth interviews were conducted with managers from four case companies to identify the factors influencing the people-driven CRM processes. Four dependency factors affecting the effectiveness of people-driven processes were identified, including customer emotional needs, customer involvement, employee capabilities, and organizational customer-oriented culture.     

Forecasting from time series subject to sporadic perturbations: Effectiveness of different types of forecasting support

How effective are different approaches for the provision of forecasting support? Forecasts may be either unaided or made with the help of statistical forecasts. In practice, the latter are often crude forecasts that do not take sporadic perturbations into account. Most research considers forecasts based on series that have been cleansed of perturbation effects. This paper considers an experiment in which people made forecasts from time series that were disturbed by promotions. In all conditions, under-forecasting occurred during promotional periods and over-forecasting during normal ones. The relative sizes of these effects depended on the proportions of periods in the data series that contained promotions. The statistical forecasts improved the forecasting accuracy, not because they reduced these biases, but because they decreased the random error (scatter). The performance improvement did not depend on whether the forecasts were based on cleansed series. Thus, the effort invested in producing cleansed time series from which to forecast may not be warranted: companies may benefit from giving their forecasters even crude statistical forecasts. In a second experiment, forecasters received optimal statistical forecasts that took the effects of promotions into account fully. This increased the accuracy because the biases were almost eliminated and the random error was reduced by 20%. Thus, the additional effort required to produce forecasts that take promotional effects into account is worthwhile.