排序方式: 共有35条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
In 2015, Swiss voters had the opportunity to impose a tax on the super rich in a popular vote and thereby fund a redistributive policy. However, a large majority voted against its seemingly obvious self-interest and rejected the tax. We propose an explanation for this puzzling outcome, bridging the usually separate behavioralist and institutionalist perspectives on the politics of inequality. We start from the observation that political economy tends to neglect processes of preference formation. Theorising preferences as socially constructed, we show that interest groups played a major role in shaping the outcome of the vote. Business frames were multiplied through allied parties and the media and had a major impact on individual voting behaviour. In addition, we demonstrate that interest groups representing business interests derive the content of their communication from business’s structurally privileged position in the capitalist economy. Specifically, creating uncertainty about possible perverse effects of government policies on jobs and growth is a powerful tool to undermine popular support. Frames based on this structural power ultimately explain why the Swiss refrained from ‘soaking the rich.’ 相似文献
2.
Although upfront payments are often observed in contracts between manufacturers and retailers, little is known about their competitive effects or the role retailers play in securing them. In this article, we consider a model in which two competing retailers make take‐it‐or‐leave‐it offers to a common manufacturer. We find that upfront payments are a feature of equilibrium contracts, and in all equilibria, only one retailer buys from the manufacturer. These findings support the claims of small manufacturers who argue that they are often unable to obtain widespread distribution for their products because of upfront payments. 相似文献
3.
Wayne-Roy Gayle Robert C. Marshall Leslie M. Marx Jean-Fran?ois Richard 《Review of Industrial Organization》2011,39(1-2):39-56
Recent research has highlighted the quantitative contribution to merger analysis from extending unilateral effects models to understand the payoffs to future potential coordinated effects. Some of the emphasis of this research appears to have made its way into the 2010 Horizontal Merger Guidelines. In this paper, we demonstrate the quantification of coordinated effects in an oligopoly and procurement model, and we show that screens that are based on upward pricing pressure are not adequate in mergers where coordinated effects are a potential concern. 相似文献
4.
Sammy Saab Hélène Parisé Suchin Virabhak Steven E. Marx Yuri Sanchez Gonzalez 《Journal of medical economics》2016,19(8):795-805
Objective: This study compared the cost-effectiveness of direct-acting antiviral therapies currently recommended for treating genotypes (GT) 1 and 4 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients in the US.Methods: A cost-effectiveness analysis of treatments for CHC from a US payer’s perspective over a lifelong time horizon was performed. A Markov model based on the natural history of CHC was used for a population that included treatment-naïve and -experienced patients. Treatment alternatives considered for GT1 included ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir?+?dasabuvir?±?ribavirin (3D?±?R), sofosbuvir?+?ledipasvir (SOF/LDV), sofosbuvir?+?simeprevir (SOF?+?SMV), simeprevir?+?pegylated interferon/ribavirin (SMV?+?PR) and no treatment (NT). For GT4 treatments, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir?+?ribavirin (2D?+?R), SOF/LDV and NT were compared. Transition probabilities, utilities and costs were obtained from published literature. Outcomes included rates of compensated cirrhosis (CC), decompensated cirrhosis (DCC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver-related death (LrD), total costs, life-years and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Costs and QALYs were used to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.Results: In GT1 patients, 3D?±?R and SOF-containing regimens have similar long-term outcomes; 3D?±?R had the lowest lifetime risks of all liver disease outcomes: CC =?30.2%, DCC = 5.0?%, HCC = 6.8%, LT =?1.9% and LrD =?9.2%. In GT1 patients, 3D?±?R had the lowest cost and the highest QALYs. As a result, 3D?±?R dominated these treatment options. In GT4 patients, 2D?+?R had lower rates of liver morbidity and mortality, lower cost and more QALYs than SOF/LDV and NT.Limitations: While the results are based on input values, which were obtained from a variety of heterogeneous sources—including clinical trials, the findings were robust across a plausible range of input values, as demonstrated in probabilistic sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: Among currently recommended treatments for GT1 and GT4 in the US, 3D?±?R (for GT1) and 2D?+?R (for GT4) have a favorable cost-effectiveness profile. 相似文献
5.
Zusammenfassung Zur überwindung der aktuellen Krise wird nicht nur in Deutschland das Instrument der Kurzarbeit verwendet. Es ist in Deutschland
im Vergleich zu anderen L?ndern jedoch sehr gro?zügig gestaltet und wurde kürzlich sogar noch ausgeweitet. Damit besteht die
Gefahr, dass nicht nur — wie beabsichtigt — bei einem vorübergehenden Arbeitsausfall Entlassungen verhindert werden, sondern
notwendige strukturelle Anpassungen verz?gert werden. Wie ist die Ausgestaltung der deutschen Kurzarbeit zu bewerten?
Dr. Werner Eichhorst, 40, ist stellvertretender Direktor am Institut zur Zukunft der Arbeit, IZA in Bonn; Paul Marx, 26, Dipl.-Politologe,
ist dort als Doktorand t?tig.
Erweiterte und aktualisierte Fassung von W. Eichhorst, P. Marx: Le ch?mage partiel, ammortisateur social de la crise?, in:
Regards sur l’Economie Allemande, H. 90, S. 23–30. 相似文献
6.
Raphaela Helbig Sven von Höveling Andreas Solsbach Jorge Marx Gómez 《International Journal of Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance & Management》2021,28(3):195-214
How companies report their data is undergoing digitization and sustainable transformation. Sustainability is important; therefore, various stakeholders are interested in sustainability information. Companies provide the required information and strive toward the use of information systems to ensure efficient data processing. A possible approach for information provision is open data. This research introduces the idea of corporate sustainability open data (CSOD) as one new mechanism of companies' sustainability self-reporting. Since CSOD is not yet commonly practiced by companies, a strategic analysis of the situation and its possible consequences is conducted with an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. This research provides an overview of companies' sustainable development through open data. Moreover, it identifies drivers, challenges, and reasonable strategies for CSOD adoption. Thus, the research contributes to the establishment of an innovative application of open data in the private sector to support sustainable transformation worldwide. 相似文献
7.
Stijn Baert Ive Marx Brecht Neyt Eva Van Belle Jasmien Van Casteren 《Applied economics letters》2018,25(8):547-552
This study empirically assesses the thesis that student employment only hurts academic performance for students with a primary orientation towards work (versus school). To this end, we analyse unique data on tertiary education students’ intensity of and motivation for student employment by means of a state-of-the art moderation model. We find, indeed, only a negative association between hours of student work and the percentage of courses passed for work-oriented students. This finding may explain the contradictory results in the literature neglecting this factor. 相似文献
8.
Dynamic Voluntary Contribution to a Public Project 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
We consider the dynamic private provision of funds to projects that generatepublic benefits. Participants have complete information about theenvironment, but imperfect information about individual actions: each periodthey observe only the aggregate contribution. Each player may contribute anyamount in any period before the contributing horizon is reached. All Nashequilibrium outcomes are characterized. In many cases they are all alsoperfect Bayesian equilibrium outcomes. If the horizon is long, if theplayers' preferences are similar, and if they are patient or the periodlength is short, perfect Bayesian equilibria exist that essentially completethe project. In some of them the completion time shrinks to zero with theperiod length—efficiency is achieved in the limit. 相似文献
9.
We present a model of Nasdaq that includes the two ways in which marketmakers compete for order flow: quotes and direct payments. Brokers in our model can execute small trades through a computerized system, preferencing arrangements with marketmakers, or vertical integration into market making. The comparative statics in our model differ from those of the traditional model of dealer markets, which does not capture important institutional features of Nasdaq. We also show that the empirical evidence is inconsistent with the traditional model, which suggests that preferencing and vertical integration are important components in understanding Nasdaq. 相似文献
10.
Efficient venture capital financing combining debt and equity 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Leslie M. Marx 《Review of Economic Design》1998,3(4):371-387
I present a model of venture capital contracting in which contracts that involve a mixture of both debt and equity are efficient
and dominate pure-equity and pure-debt financing. The optimal contract balances the venture capitalist's incentive to intervene
in the project and the entrepreneur's desire for control.
Received: 9 September 1997 / Accepted: 3 April 1998 相似文献