Co-presence and mobile apps: Technology's impact on being with others

Despite a lack of theoretical understanding regarding how consumers react when using mobile applications in a store, the latter are being used more and more often in shared consumption areas. This research explores the impact that using a mobile application has on perceptions of co-presence. Depending on the consumption experience stage, this technological tool can be a social facilitator that enhances interactions with companions or a device that makes it possible to reduce a negative crowd impression. This paper is positioned at the intersection of interpersonal influence research and research focused on mobile technologies' effect on the purchasing process. It may interest managers of sites where there is high co-presence and where a mobile application might reduce negative crowd impressions and facilitate in-group sharing.     

CITY EQUILIBRIUM WITH BORROWING CONSTRAINTS: STRUCTURAL ESTIMATION AND GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM EFFECTS

This article develops a general equilibrium model of location choice where mortgage approval rates determine household‐specific choice sets. Estimation of the model using San Francisco Bay area data reveals that the price sensitivity of borrowing constraints explains about two‐thirds of the price elasticity of neighborhood demand. General equilibrium analysis of the 2000–2006 relaxation of lending standards predicts the following impacts on prices and neighborhood demographics: (i) an increase in house prices accompanied by a compression of the price distribution and (ii) a reduction in the isolation of Whites reflecting gentrification. Both predictions are supported by empirical observation.     

Reactions to Shocks and Monetary Policy Regimes: Inflation Targeting Versus Flexible Currency Board in Sub‐Saharan Africa

The paper examines the monetary policy actions through which central banks in sub‐Saharan Africa have tried to eliminate the negative impacts of the shocks facing their economies. We compare two different monetary policy regimes: a currency board regime (in the CFA zone) and an inflation targeting policy regime (Ghana and South Africa) when central banks respond to demand, supply, and fiscal shocks. We extend the usual forecasting and policy analysis system models to replicate the economic features of these economies during the period 2002–12 and to evaluate the impact of several policies in response to these shocks. We find that both policies are inappropriate in helping the economies escape from the effects of negative demand shocks, both are essential when negative shocks to primary balance occur, while inflation targeting dominates the currency board regime as a strategy to cope with positive shocks to inflation.     

Spatial propagation of macroeconomic shocks in Europe

This paper implements a spatial vector autoregressive model that takes into account both the time and the spatial dimensions of economic shocks. We apply this framework to analyze the propagation through space and time of macroeconomic (inflation, output gap and interest rate) shocks in Europe. The empirical analysis identifies an economically and statistically significant spatial component in the transmission of macroeconomic shocks in Europe.     

Analyse de la libéralisation des échanges de quotas entre le Québec et l'Ontario dans le secteur laitier

L'objectif de cette étude est d'estimer les fonctions d'offre et de demande & quota de lait & transformation au Québec et en Ontario et d'évaluer les impacts potentiels d'un marché des quotas entre ces deux provinces. Les fonctions d'offre et de demande sont estimées par la méthode des moindres carrés à deux étapes et ce, pour quatre marchés, soit les marches des quotas produits et non produits dans chaque province.
Les résultats montrent que la flexibilityé de la demande est en général plus élévie en valeur absolue que celle de l'offre. Les résultats indiquent de plus que l'offre de quotas est élastique par rapport aux prix. Le modèle est utilisé pour simuler l'ouverture des marchés entre le Québec et l'Ontario. Les résultats indiquent que si un marché des quotas avait existé en 1992, le Québec aurait vu son quota de mise en marché augmenter de 3,4 % durant l'année, au détriment de l'Ontario qui aurait vu le sien diminuer d'environ 5,1%.     

Significant drivers of growth in Africa

We employ bootstrap techniques in a production frontier framework to provide statistical inference for each component in the decomposition of labor productivity growth, which has essentially been ignored in this literature. We show that only two of the four components (efficiency changes and human capital accumulation) have significantly contributed to growth in Africa. Although physical capital accumulation is the largest force, it is not statistically significant on average. Thus, ignoring statistical significance would falsely identify physical capital accumulation as a major driver of growth in Africa when it is not.     

Exchange rate volatility and productivity growth: The role of financial development

The vast empirical exchange rate literature finds the effect of exchange rate volatility on real activity to be small or insignificant. In contrast, this paper offers empirical evidence that real exchange rate volatility can have a significant impact on productivity growth. However, the effect depends critically on a country's level of financial development. The results appear robust to time window, alternative measures of financial development and exchange rate volatility, and outliers. We also offer a simple monetary growth model in which real exchange rate uncertainty exacerbates the negative investment effects of domestic credit market constraints.