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In this paper, we define a new class of richness measures. In contrast to the often used headcount, these new measures are sensitive to changes in rich individuals' incomes and, therefore, allow for a more sophisticated analysis of richness. We demonstrate the application of these new measures in analyzing the development of poverty and richness over time in Germany. Moreover, we compare Germany to many other European countries and investigate the impact of tax reforms on poverty and richness. Using these examples, we show the importance of taking the intensity of changes into account and not only the number of people beyond a given richness line (headcount). We propose to use the new measures in addition to the headcount index for a more comprehensive analysis of richness. 相似文献
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This paper investigates whether the new Basel Accord will induce a change in bank lending to emerging markets using a comprehensive new data set on German banks’ foreign exposure. We test two interlinked hypotheses on the conditions under which the change in the regulatory capital would leave lending flows unaffected. This would be the case if (i) the new regulatory capital requirement remains below the economic capital and (ii) banks’ economic capital to emerging markets already adequately reflects risk. On both accounts the evidence indicates that the new Basel Accord should have a limited effect on lending to emerging markets. 相似文献
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Thilo W. Glebe 《Review of Agricultural Economics》2007,29(1):87-102
Offering agri-environmental payments to address the various positive and negative environmental nonmarket effects of European Union agriculture might be an efficient way of dealing with market imperfections. However, the complex interaction between farming practices and agri-environmental effects makes it difficult to assess what level of payments is justified under World Trade Organization's Green Box provisions. In reviewing the literature on positive and negative externalities of European farming on the environment, we find evidence to suggest that paying for agri-environmental improvements may be appropriate under the Green Box provisions, even if the payments have a positive production effect. 相似文献
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Is a flat tax reform feasible in a grown-up democracy of Western Europe? A simulation study for Germany 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Clemens Fuest Andreas Peichl Thilo Schaefer 《International Tax and Public Finance》2008,15(5):620-636
The success of the flat rate income tax in eastern Europe suggests that this concept could also be a model for countries of
western Europe. The present paper uses a simulation model to analyze the effects of revenue neutral flat rate tax reforms
on equity and efficiency for the case of Germany. We find that a flat rate tax with a low tax rate and a low basic allowance
yields positive static welfare effects amounting to approximately 1.8% of income tax revenue but increases income inequality.
The increase in income inequality can be avoided by combining a higher tax rate with a higher basic allowance. But in this
case, the efficiency gains vanish. We conclude that due to their limited efficiency effects and their problematic distributional
impact, flat tax reforms are unlikely to spill over to the grown-up democracies of western Europe.
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Jens Madrian Thilo Kr?ber und Klaus Schulte 《Zeitschrift für Planung & Unternehmenssteuerung》2006,17(3):345-362
Zusammenfassung Wie werden Unternehmen in der Praxis bewertet? Welche bewertungstheoretischen Grundlagen liegen der
Bewertung zugrunde? Welche Themenstellungen im Rahmen des Akquisitionscontrolling sind von zentraler Bedeutung
für den Erfolg von M&A-Transaktionen? Als Gegenstand vieler Diskussionen und Faktoren mit erheblichem
Einfluss auf den Unternehmenswert k?nnen beispielhaft folgende Spannungsfelder aufgeführt werden:
Diese und weitere Fragestellungen werden – unterstützt durch einen theoretischen
Leitfaden – anhand einer Fallstudie aus der Bewertungspraxis dargestellt sowie diskutiert und es werden
L?sungsvorschl?ge hierfür angeboten.
• | Die übliche Annahme einer ewig werthaltigen Wachstumsrate bei der Bestimmung des Terminal Value führt h?ufig zu einer übersch?tzung des Terminal Value, weil das klassische Modell die zur Finanzierung des ewigen Wachstums notwendige h?here Kapitalbindung (z. B. Wachstumsinvestitionen und Working Capital) übersieht. In den meisten F?llen scheint es eher angemessen, davon auszugehen, dass sich zukünftig die Rendite (ROIC) den Kapitalkosten ann?hert. |
• | H?ufig wird Wertvernichtung durch M&A mit Fehlern in der Post-Merger-Integration-Phase begründet. Dabei wird nicht selten übersehen, dass Synergien im Vorfeld überbewertet werden und bei entsprechender Berücksichtigung im Kaufpreis im Nachgang des Unternehmenskaufes h?ufig gar keine M?glichkeit mehr besteht, nachhaltige Value Creation zu erzielen. |
Summary How should the value of a company be measured, and what tools and valuation methods should be used? What are the drivers in M&A that create a successful and value creating transaction?相似文献These, and other aspects of M&A’s will be addressed and discussed in this case study. The study will be based on our experiences in M&A-transactions, supported by the valuation basics and methodologies. The case study will draw conclusions, provide recommendations and possible solutions.
• It is not uncommon in M&A to use perpetuity growth rates when calculating the terminal value. Generally, we do not share this view as it neglects the incremental capital investments (ROIC) in fixed assets or working capital necessary to enable growth. To avoid overestimating the terminal value it is more appropriate that returns on incremental capital investment converge to the cost of capital (WACC). • The main reason commonly mentioned in literature for value destruction in M&A valuations is mistakes in the post-merger-integration phase. On many occasions – and in literally all industry sectors – synergies are valued quite optimistically. As a result, the transaction value paid is too high, so there is no real chance to create additional value in the first place.