城乡交错带农业旅游发展战略——以上海为例

近年来,农业旅游逐渐成为农业和旅游业新的经济增长点,城乡交错带是农业旅游发展的主要区域。文章分析了城乡交错带发展农业旅游的重要性及优势,划分了地域结构及范围,探讨了农业旅游的功能定位及产品策划;并以上海为例,提出发展思路及保障措施。     

Interlocked Village Markets and Trader Idiosyncrasy in Rural India

The role of traders and traditional exchange institutions has received little attention in empirical research on rural markets in developing countries. We use detailed data on transactions in a village commodity market in India and identify two observed anomalies: first, the repeal of the law of one price, and second, a trader‐idiosyncratic effect, namely that large volumes are sold to a trader who does not offer the best price. Econometric analysis demonstrates that trader idiosyncrasy can largely be explained by reciprocity motives in interlocked village markets. Reciprocity leads to market inefficiencies and can result in unexpected supply responses.     

基于有限理性的连锁董事战略分析

连锁董事是组织广泛采用的一种环境管理战略。那么，“连锁董事”存在的理论基础是什么？这在中国学才是一个比较新的研究领域，少有的几篇文献均以组织为重点展开探讨。国外相关方面研究较早，各学者从不同角度各砟重地加以诠释。为了更深刻、更全面地理解“连锁董事”的存在性，本文在评述西方理论的基础上，对各理论中合理因暑以整合，特别是考虑到现有理论仅从组织层或个人层出发，提出应从组织、个人和社会出发进行多层面分析。同时由于有理论过分强调理性决策，而现实中的组织、个人、社会决策都是有限理性的，应该把有限理性这一假设也纳入到分析框架中。因此，提出由连锁董事个人、连锁组织、社会三个层面的成本、收益分析及有限理性决策组成的新的分析框架。     

中国企业间连锁董事关系网络特征研究

本文主要在对中国企业连锁董事关系网络拓扑结构图进行统计分析的基础上,使用社会网络分析方法从个体与整体两个层面对中国企业连锁董事关系网络进行量化分析,其中个体中心网指标主要包括度中心性、居中中心性;整体网络指标主要包括网络密度、平均距离、中心势、聚类系数、核心——边缘,进而从多角度揭示中国企业连锁董事关系网络特征的同时,为认识和理解中国连锁董事生成和运作机制提供新的研究思路。     

进路搜索的数据结构与算法及其仿真

对铁路车站计算机联锁中的进路搜索,提出基于站场数据结构的进路自动生成搜索算法。在确定对象节点数据结构的基础上,给出了进路搜索算法的步骤。同时将站场设计功能也包含在程序中,进而可以虚拟出各种不同的站场,根据实验选择不同的进路始点和终点,可达到良好的仿真效果。     

钻孔咬合桩在复合地层中的应用研究 ——以杭州地铁3号线工业大学站为例

钻孔咬合桩多用于软土地层,采用全套管钻机软切割法施工,但在上软下硬的复合地层中,全套管法成孔困难,无法保证桩体的垂直度,以致于咬合效果达不到设计要求。为了解决此类工程问题,依托杭州地铁3号线一期工程工业大学站基坑工程,研究了钻孔咬合桩在上软下硬复合地层中的适应性及应用情况,并与其他围护方式在可实施性、安全性、经济性、施工效率等方面进行了综合比较。研究结果表明,在复合地层中采用旋挖钻机硬切割法施工咬合桩,成孔效率高,桩体垂直度高,止水效果好,能产生更好的工期效益、社会效益和经济效益。并且钻孔咬合桩能够很好地适应复合地层,经济性好,施工效率高,解决了复合地层中钻孔咬合桩的施工工艺和设备选型问题。研究过程及结果可为复合地层中的基坑工程施工提供借鉴与参考。     

Herding of Corporate Directors in Taiwan

Corporate directors can be said to herd when they sit together on not only one, but several company boards. Such herding is commonly called "multiple interlock" in the literature. This study analyzes the factors involved in director herding using a binary logistics regression model. Statistical analysis indicates that directors who control a large amount of effective assets in the corporate world, own a high percentage of equity in a company, or hold an inside management position are more likely to be involved in multiple firm interlocks. In other words, controlling shareholders and their associates are the main individuals involved in such interlocks. Finally, company financial performance is negatively related to multiple interlocks.     

Network interlocks: The connected emergence of chambers of commerce and provincial banks in the British Isles, 1767–1823

Interlocking between the earliest 20 chambers of commerce in the British Isles and the partners of local provincial banks relied on similar needs for networks and trust. Two-thirds of banks and 40% of bank partners were members of their local chambers. Bank partners formed 8% of chamber memberships, and 39% held offices, indicating strong interlocking directorates. The interlocks provided a number of potential mutual benefits, influencing chamber services and lobby activity, and offering mutual signalling of brand and status. Interlocks with chartered banks were often also strong through managerial staff and some bank branches. Despite the general pattern, there were important exceptions (chiefly Manchester, Newcastle and Cork) where banks were less connected with early chambers.