What Can Be Learned from DuPont and the Freon Ban: A Case Study

Between 1974 and 1988, executives of DuPont, the world's largest producer of CFCs, were confronted with emerging evidence that CFCs were destroying the stratospheric ozone layer. The difficulty that executives face in such cases is that scientific knowledge develops over time and does not necessarily proceed in a straight line toward true conclusions. At the beginning of a new field of research, there is much uncertainty and disagreement among the experts. The solution of the ozone problem required a remarkable cooperation among science, business, and international governments. After looking at the role of DuPont executives in this drama, and the difficulties facing any executive dealing with uncertain science, the paper turns to an evaluation of the field of Business Ethics to see what light it might throw on this and analogous problems. Finally, the paper offers specific suggestions in terms of principles in dealing with uncertain science, and concludes that the course of action that DuPont followed, including some mistakes, can serve as a model for analogous crises.     

Ly-1型橡胶防护蜡的研制和应用

简述了橡胶防护蜡的作用机理及效能,在分析橡胶防护蜡性能影响因素的基础上,利用南阳石蜡精细化工厂低熔点石蜡和几种添加剂制成了Ly-1型橡胶防护蜡,并将其与德国、日本等国的橡胶防护蜡进行了对比。物理机械性能与耐臭氧老化试验测评表明,Ly-1型橡胶防护蜡的性能达到或超过了国内外同类产品质量水平,可以替代国外产品。     

臭氧-活性炭-过氧化氢法处理染料废水的研究

采用臭氧-活性炭-过氧化氯法对染料废水进行了处理．考察了添加剂、废水初始pH值对染料废水中COD、色度、挥发酚及氰化物去除率的影响。结果表明，臭氧-活性炭-过氧化氢联合的方法对染料废水中COD、色度、挥发酚及氰化物的去除很有效，去除率均达96％以上。最佳条件下，COD、挥发酚达国家三级排放标准：色度、氰化物达国家一级排放标准。     

The geneva hydrocarbon protocol: Economic insights from a belgian perspective

This paper extends the methodology for the economic analysis of tropospheric ozone regulation reported in Repetto (1987). Firstly, the acid rain objective is explicitly incorporated by assigning an additional benefit to the acidifying precursors of ozone. Secondly, we introduce the transboundary dimension which is of particular importance to Europe. The methodology is applied to the evaluation of the costs and benefits of the Geneva Protocol on hydrocarbons for Belgium.     

臭氧氧化技术处理工业废水的应用研究

作为一种废水处理技术,臭氧氧化技术在印染废水处理、制药废水处理中的应用广泛。在我国逐渐提高了对工业废水污染物排放量及回用率要求的形势下,臭氧氧化技术有着非常广阔的应用前景。基于此,论文重点针对臭氧氧化技术处理工业废水的应用进行了详细的分析,以供参考。     

近地层臭氧对农作物产量影响的风险评估模型研究进展

近地层臭氧污染及其对农作物产量和粮食安全的负面效应已成为国内外广泛关注的焦点之一,建立适宜且更为精确的模型开展臭氧影响下的农作物产量损失评估对于粮食安全保障及臭氧污染控制具有重要的意义。综述了浓度响应、剂量响应和通量响应等统计模型的发展及其在产量损失评估中的应用,评述了其优缺点和通量响应模型的不确定性,同时,通过臭氧干沉降模型的研究进展及其与通量响应模型的优势比较,提出了基于观测和臭氧干沉降模型开展臭氧影响下的自然农田作物产量损失评估技术新的研究方向。     

臭氧在水处理中的应用研究

本文结合臭氧的性质以及特点对臭氧在水处理中的应用进行了研究。     

臭氧氧化处理废水技术进展

臭氧在水中具有较高的氧化还原电位,臭氧氧化与其他水处理技术相结合产生氧化性更强的羟基自由基,能够快速、无选择性地降解有机物,是废水处理行之有效的方法。综述了废水处理中臭氧氧化技术、均相和非均相催化臭氧氧化技术、以及臭氧组合技术的特点及进展,并对其研究方向进行了展望。     

新型臭氧发生器的设计及实验

利用一种新型气体放电结构,设计了一款用于有毒气体消毒的臭氧发生器装置。讨论了产生臭氧的基本机理,对该装置的结构进行了详细的论述,并对它的放电特性进行了研究。最后对该装置进行了实验研究,得出了一些有益的结论。     

Tropospheric ozone,air pollution and tourism: a case study of Mallorca

This study explores tourists’ contribution to air pollution through an analysis of tropospheric ozone levels. Although the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere is beneficial, preventing damaging ultraviolet light from reaching the Earth's surface, ozone in the lower atmosphere, known as tropospheric ozone, can damage plant species, both natural materials and manufactured goods, and can damage lung tissues in humans. Additionally, ozone in the upper troposphere exerts a considerable impact on global warming. Using the case study of Mallorca (Spain) – an isolated, intensive tourist destination in the Mediterranean – a daily indicator of tourist numbers is used in order to capture direct and induced pressure on the environment. Models based on daily data are estimated using meteorological, daily tourist numbers and other significant variables, showing how rising tourism activity in Mallorca is associated with rising daily concentrations of tropospheric ozone, created by transport, air conditioning and other activities. The estimated models make different simulations possible, showing the consequences of increasing tourism numbers during different seasons. The concluding section shows the potential to develop the models used here for other destinations.