Cost Analysis of Calcium in Store Brand versus National Brand Grocery Products

Objective: This study was to determine if calcium fortification yields a higher price per serving in grocery store products. Researchers compared store brand to national brand grocery products in relation to cost in order to examine if calcium values were similar between store brand and national brand products. Methods: A total of 112 store brand and 211 national brand grocery products were collected from three low (national chain store), middle and high priced (Virginia and North Carolina regional store) grocery venues. Products were compared using price and calcium percentage per serving. ANOVA was used to determine between store brand and national brand for price per serving and calcium content, and between grocery venues. Results: National brand fortified products had a significantly lower mean price per serving when compared to national brand non-fortified products (p = 0.0002). There was no statistical difference between store brand fortified and non-fortified products (p = 0.9256). Low priced store brand products had the lowest mean price per serving ($0.34 ±0.24). Conclusions: This study found store brand products have similar calcium content as national brand products. Product cost was lower at low priced store compared to middle and high priced stores.     

In the city: The John Lewis partnership and planned shopping centres

A defining feature of large-scale retailing during the period 1950–1980 was the emergence and evolution of planned shopping centres. During the 1950s, department stores in the United States were in the vanguard of this phenomenon. In contrast, British department stores continued operating from traditional high street sites, and had limited opportunities for expansion within planned shopping centres until the 1970s. This paper addresses the connection between department store retailing and the development of the planned shopping centre in Britain from the perspective of one enterprise: the John Lewis Partnership. The article demonstrates that the Partnership was willing to operate department stores within centrally located shopping centres, but was circumspect about operating stores in non-centrally located shopping centres.     

The Impact of Sustainability Aspects in the Meat Sector: A Cluster Analysis Based on Consumer Attitudes and Store Format Choice

Several consumer studies have shown considerable market potential for sustainable meat products, however, their markets shares are still marginal. In Germany, the sustainable aspects “organic,” “local origin,” and “animal welfare” are of special interest. To obtain a precise overview of potential target groups for these meat categories and their choice of store format, 620 German consumers were surveyed on their attitudes toward sustainable meat production and their shopping behavior. First, target groups based on consumers’ attitudes were identified by cluster analysis, taking into account possible overlaps. Consumers were also clustered by their store format choice and their preferred type of meat packaging. A cross tabulation of the results then provided insights into which store format and type of meat packaging is preferred by the target groups for sustainable meat products. Due to overlaps found in the target groups, the existence of important subgroups was shown. Amongst the target groups, only a slight preference for unpackaged meat products was found. Basically, the offer of sustainable meat products appears of interest for all store formats, with particular emphasis on supermarkets. The results of this study can support producers and retailers developing new and tailored marketing strategies for sustainable meat products.     

新时期高校教师职业道德滑坡成因分析——以物流专业为例

近年来,高校教师职业道德滑坡现象明显,是什么导致了这种局面-文章指出:高校职业道德研究不深入,职业道德教育抓得不严,社会不良风气不断侵蚀,高校学生素质整体下滑,教师引进把关不严,考评机制不合理等是主要原因。     

基于案例的推理技术在连锁便利店订货系统中的应用研究

将基于案例推理应用到连锁便利店订货系统中,充分利用了连锁便利店的消费群明确、信息容易收集的特点,很好地解决了连锁便利店在特殊事件发生下的某些商品的销售量激增与多品种、小批量的频繁订货模式之间的矛盾。     

我国大型百货商场的多角化经营战略

我国百货零售业在自身竞争手段落后导致的低准入门槛、市场成长缓慢和其它业态竞争者的大批跟进等多面夹击下销售增长急速下降、利润空间日益狭窄.应对全球化竞争,大型百货商场发展需要走内涵式道路,积极取向多角化经营,包括:跨区域组建企业集团、建设城乡统筹连锁网、优化商品结构、积极进入国际化购销链、运用现代信息技术降低物流成本等.     

我国建立行政公诉制度探析

从现实需要入手分析了行政诉讼法在实施中存在的问题,由此引出行政公诉的概念,进而根据我国社会经济生活发展的需要和宪法、法律的基本原则和具体规定提出建立以人民检察院为起诉主体,以维护国家及社会公共利益为目的,适合我国国情的行政公诉制度,并据此对行政公诉制度的建立提出初步的设想。     

城市土地储备量研究——以杭州市为例

1996年以来，土地储备机制在我国各地先后施行，它不仅涉及及土地收购，储备，出让的立法工作，而且还涉及资金流转过程，所以确定合理的土地储备量已迫在眉睫。本文在分析影响土地储备量大小的三大方面诸多因素作用关系基础上，拟定城市土地储备量大小的思路，即在相关因素评判检验的基础上，建立开发项目土地供应量与建成区面积，房地产开发量二元线回归方程，运用SPSS软件推算出土地储备量的大小。     

基于政府职能转变的绩效审计研究

政府部门绩效审计的根本推动力量来源于政府职能的转变。立足科学发展，将实施绩效审计纳入政府职能转变之中。多方位和谐推进，解决实施绩效审计时出现的问题。     

当前我国政府预算存在的突出问题及对策

在当前政府预算中存在着透明度低、预算不完整、约束力弱等问题,这使得在预算执行时公众对预算的监督软弱无力、刚性约束不足,也易滋生腐败.解决这些问题的根本办法,在于实行公开预算、接受公众监督,编制统一预算、避免预算外收支不受控制,细化部门预算、实现零基预算,落实刚性预算,不断提高公共预算的法律权威.