审计师地理距离对客户公司股价信息含量的影响

从地理经济学视角分析审计师的地理区位特征对上市公司股价信息含量的可能影响，利用2004—2013年中国A股上市公司的数据，实证检验了审计师与客户间的地理距离对客户公司股价信息含量的经验影响关系，并进一步考察了证券分析师与审计监督两种中介组织间的交互效应。研究发现：（1）审计师与客户公司间的地理距离越小，客户公司的股价信息含量越低，因为在中国当前经济社会背景下，地理邻近对审计师独立性的消极影响要强于其对审计师专业胜任能力的积极影响，这导致审计师审计质量降低，影响客户公司股价信息含量；（2）证券分析师对客户公司的关注程度越高，审计师的地理邻近性对客户公司股价信息含量的负面影响越弱，表明证券分析师与外部审计之间主要呈现一种相互替代的关系，证券分析师可以作为一种有效的补充监督机制。     

The Impact of Institutional Differences on Derivatives Usage: a Comparative Study of US and Dutch Firms

This paper examines the influence of institutional differences on corporate risk management practices in the USA and the Netherlands. We compare results to surveys in each country using a strategy that corrects for differences over industry and size classes across the Dutch and US samples. We document several differences in the firms’ uses and attitudes towards derivatives and attempt to attribute them to the differences in the institutional environments between the USA and the Netherlands. We find that institutional differences appear to have an important impact on risk management practices and derivatives use across US and Dutch firms.     

会计监督与审计监督的不可替代性与互补性研究

会计监督与审计监督虽然同属于经济监督体系,但是又有各自独立的体系,它们在经济监督中所产生的作用有所不同。本文从企业内部的角度探讨了会计监督与审计监督的不可替代性和互补性,明确了两者的关系,才能为企业内部开展经济监督提供可靠的依据。     

Exchange rate exposure and foreign exchange derivatives: do ineffective hedgers modify future derivatives use?

Recent studies examining the relationship between stock returns and exchange rate changes have provided evidence that the exchange rate exposure of non-financial companies is reduced by the use of foreign exchange derivatives. Building on such research, this study investigates whether past ineffective derivative hedging contributes to explaining future derivatives use. To the extent that companies monitor the effectiveness of their currency risk management practices, past ineffective hedgers can be expected to modify their future use of foreign exchange derivatives accordingly. In our study of 94 non-financial US multinationals, we provide evidence that the change in derivatives use from 1996–1998 to 1998–2000 can be explained in part by the ineffective hedging of currency risk in 1996–1998, controlling for variables associated with theories of optimal hedging. Additional analyses confirm that such primary results are robust to firm size, the level of foreign operations, and the use of derivatives to partially hedge currency risk. Our results imply that as exchange markets and risk management practices change, the use of derivatives to manage exchange rate risk also changes. Our contribution to this field of study is that we find evidence that past ineffective hedgers tend to increase their future use of FXDs.     

构建我国内部审计质量体系的几点思考

国内的一些重大集体舞弊案引发了众多学者对我国内部审计质量的关注。本文从分析我国内部审计质量的现状入手,试图寻找相应的对策,构建我国内部审计质量体系,以提高我国内部审计质量。     

涉外企业税务审计中的几个问题

《涉外税务审计规程》对涉外税务审计工作的顺利开展发挥了重要作用,但也存在一些问题。为此,根据新时期的新要求,要充分运用电算化审计技术,适当调整和补充底稿范本,合理选择审计程序,不断推进涉外企业税务审计工作的科学化、规范化和程序化。     

Orange County Bankruptcy: Financial Contagion in the Municipal Bond and Bank Equity Markets

We examine the spillover wealth effects of the Orange County, California bankruptcy announcement in December 1994 on municipal bonds, municipal bond funds, and bank stocks. This bankruptcy is prominent because of unprecedented losses and because it was caused by a highly leveraged derivatives strategy rather than a shortage of tax revenues and excess spending. We find contagion in the bond market with significantly negative abnormal returns for municipal bond funds without direct exposure to Orange County and for non‐Orange County municipal bonds. In addition, our findings suggest the contagion spills over to the common stocks of investment and commercial banks that deal in or use derivatives; however, the equities of banks unexposed to derivatives are not affected.     

浅谈我国银行内部审计的发展

银行内部审计随着银行业务的扩大，越来越受到高层管理者的重视，它是由相对独立、较为超胶铁稽核部门来执行的一种再监督。加入WTO以后，银行稽核工作从观念到工作方法都将发生重大变革。首先是观念的变革，银行内部审计的重点将由事后审计向事前审计转移，突出表现为检查风险向控制风险转移，内容由财务收支、资产质量等专项稽核向整体评价转移，更加注重绩效审计，同时加强对风险评估和管理方面的审计；其次是工作方法的变化，手段上充分利用计算机处理原始数据，方法上改变过去被动地接受稽核项目，按稽核方案对所辖行实施无差别的稽核，转为利用内部控制评价结果有区别地决定稽核对象、稽核频率、现场稽核的检查面。     

浅议管理审计与公司治理

管理审计是公司内部审计的重要组成部分,是一项基于受托管理(经营)责任关系的以审查管理信息为中心任务的证实行为。公司治理是现代公司制的棱心,是以内部监督为挂心的制度安排,包括权力制衡、激励约束及信息反馈等内在机制。管理审计对于公司治理具有极其重要的作用,应充分发挥它的这种作用。     

析环境审计对ISO14000的借鉴

ISO14000环境系列标准和环境审计的关系如何，尤其是环境审计中如何借鉴ISO14000的问题，尽管受到广泛关注但始终未得到认真的研究和解决。本文以近年来对该问题研究的结果为背景，对环境审核与环境绩效审计之间的关系进行辨析，在此基础上提出环境审计应该从评价标准和最佳实务支持两方面对ISO14000进行借鉴。