贸易及经济地理中的规模经济、差异产品与运输成本——2008年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者——保罗·克鲁格曼的学术贡献

通过将规模经济、差异产品与运输成本引入一般均衡分析模型,克鲁格曼使我们开始并加深对贸易决定因素和区位经济活动的认识,其将贸易理论和经济地理这两个曾经是相互独立的经济学分支融合的开创性研究成为新贸易理论发展的先导。克氏理论认为,即使缺乏比较优势,规模经济和不完全竞争也会产生贸易;而将规模报酬递增和垄断竞争的新要素与传统的要素禀赋结合到一起研究,导致了用实验来预测跨国间贸易方式的差异。

Economies of Scale, Differentiated Products and Transport Costs in Trade and Economic Geography

By integrating economies of scale,differentiated products and transport costs into general equilibrium models,Paul Krugman has provided us with a deeper understanding of the determinants of trade and local economic activities.His initial contributions inspire the integration of trade theories and economic geography which used to be separate branches.He initiated the development of new trade theories which hold that economies of scale and imperfect competition would result in trade even without comparative a...