我国区域经济差异变动的原因:一个要素流动和集聚经济的视角

现有关于我国区域差异原因的研究大多忽视了地区间的要素流动和集聚经济效应对地区经济差异的影响.本文将要素流动和集聚经济效应纳入一个统一的框架下来考察我国区域差异的变化情况,通过将外部规模经济效应纳入新经济地理学模型,建立了同时涵盖外部规模经济效应、本地市场效应和要素流动的集聚经济模型.数值模拟的结论也显示,在要素流动条件下,当外部规模经济效应和本地市场效应达到一定水平时,经济活动趋于完全集聚是稳定均衡,这说明如果考虑集聚经济效应,地区间的要素流动不但不能使得区域差异趋于收敛反而会促使区域差异不断拉大,从而很好的解释了1990年以来我国区域差异扩大的特征事实.

Causes of China's Regional Disparity: View from Factor Mobility and Agglomeration Economy

China's regional disparity has been increasing and economic activities have been agglomerating into a few metropolitan areas since 1990s.Most current researches on regional disparity are based on growth model,which often ignore the factor mobility among regions and agglomeration economy.This paper aims to explore China's regional disparity with agglomeration economy perspective as well as factor mobility.It constructs a new agglomeration economy model covering external scale economies,home market effect and factor mobility.Numerical simulation result demonstrates that when the technological externality effect and home market effect reach a certain level,the total agglomeration is stable equilibrium,which means that factor mobility causes the increase in regional disparity.The result explains well the features of China's regional disparities since 1990s.