变革中的就业环境与中国大学生就业

本文总结了国内外有关大学生就业问题的研究文献 ,通过问卷调查、统计分析、深度访谈等研究方法 ,从就业制度的演变、大学生劳动力市场的供求变动、个人就业意愿和行为、用人单位对大学生就业的期望和国外有关大学生就业的政策和措施等方面 ,对我国当前大学生就业困难的问题进行了分析和探讨。文章认为 ,目前大学生就业确有困难的表现。不过 ,由于初次就业率统计指标设计的局限 ,客观上也夸大了这种困难的程度。文章对缓解劳动力市场上大学生就业困难 ,特别是降低结构性失业和摩擦性失业 ,提出了一些政策建议。

Job Seeking of College Graduates in Employment Environment under Transition

This paper gathers domestic and foreign literatures on graduates' employment on the basis of which it examines the problems associated with graduates job seeking in China from the point of view of the evolution of the system of graduates' employment, the change of supply and demand in graduates' employment market, personal employment intention and behavior, the expectation of employers to graduates' employment and policies of graduates' employment overseas, through the use of questionnaire survey, statistical analysis and deep interview. The paper suggests that although there are some difficulties associated with graduates job seeking, the difficulties are magnified because of the limitation in designing the indicators of graduates' employment, such as first employment rate.At the end of this paper, some policy implications are put forward on how to alleviate difficulties of graduates' employment in labor market, especially on how to decrease structural unemployment.